NUMBER SYSTEM

TYPES OF COMPUTER NUMBER SYSTEM

Mark P. Villaplaza
BSME-2B
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INTRODUCTION
Computers understand machine language only. Every
instruction given to the computer gets converted into machine
language. This language comprises of numbers. To understand
it, one has needed to have a better understanding of the number
system. The number system is a way to represent or express
numbers. You have heard of various types of number systems
such as the whole numbers and the real numbers. But in the
context of computers, we define other types of number systems.
In this lesson, we are going to discuss the 4 types of computer
number systems and their comparison through a conversion
table.

TYPES OF COMPUTER NUMBER SYSTEM

NUMBER SYSTEM
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Hello!
I am Mark P. Villaplaza
BSME-2B
I am here because I love to give presentations.
You can find me at:
[email protected]
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

✓ Identify different computer number system and their comparison

✓ Define base, weight, radix point, and binary point
✓ Identify the two states of a digital circuit in binary numbers
✓ Understand why the hexadecimal number system is used in the
computer world
 Let’s do it!
PRE-TEST ABSTRACTION

ACTIVITIES APPLICATION

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
 Let’s do it!
PRE-TEST ABSTRACTION

ACTIVITIES APPLICATION

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
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Let us have a

PRE-TEST
 PRE-TEST 8

1. The hexadecimal digits are 1 to 0 and A to _ .

a. Z b. J c. G d. F
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1. The hexadecimal digits are 1 to 0 and A to _ .

a. Z b. J c. G d. F
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10

2. How many bytes are there in 1011 1001 0110

1110 numbers?

a. 16 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8
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2. How many bytes are there in 1011 1001 0110

1110 numbers?

a. 16 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8
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PRE-TEST
3. 26 is equivalent to _ in decimal numbers.

a. 64 b. 3 c. 12 d. 8
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PRE-TEST
3. 26 is equivalent to _ in decimal numbers.

a. 64 b. 3 c. 12 d. 8
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PRE-TEST
4. Decimal number 8 is 1000 in binary numbers
and in octal numbers.

b. 7 c. 1 d. 10
a. 8
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PRE-TEST
4. Decimal number 8 is 1000 in binary numbers
and in octal numbers.

b. 7 c. 1 d. 10
a. 8
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Let us have a

PRE-TEST
 Let’s do it!
PRE-TEST ABSTRACTION

ACTIVITIES APPLICATION

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
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Correct!
NEXT No.2

PRE-TEST
 PRE-TEST
19

2. How many bytes are there in 1011 1001 0110

1110 numbers?

a. 16 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8
 PRE-TEST
20

2. How many bytes are there in 1011 1001 0110

1110 numbers?

a. 16 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8
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Correct!
NEXT No.3

PRE-TEST
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PRE-TEST
3. 26 is equivalent to _ in decimal numbers.

a. 64 b. 3 c. 12 d. 8
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PRE-TEST
3. 26 is equivalent to _ in decimal numbers.

a. 64 b. 3 c. 12 d. 8
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Correct!
NEXT No. 4

PRE-TEST
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PRE-TEST
4. Decimal number 8 is 1000 in binary numbers
and in octal numbers.

b. 7 c. 1 d. 10
a. 8
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PRE-TEST
4. Decimal number 8 is 1000 in binary numbers
and in octal numbers.

b. 7 c. 1 d. 10
a. 8
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Correct!
How many correct answer you have got?
HOME

PRE-TEST
 Let’s do it!
PRE-TEST ABSTRACTION

ACTIVITIES APPLICATION

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
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Do It ONE MORE TIME!

BACK

PRE-TEST
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1. The hexadecimal digits are 1 to 0 and A to _ .

a. Z b. J c. G d. F
 PRE-TEST 31

1. The hexadecimal digits are 1 to 0 and A to _ .

a. Z b. J c. G d. F
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Do It ONE MORE TIME!

BACK

PRE-TEST
 PRE-TEST
33

2. How many bytes are there in 1011 1001 0110

1110 numbers?

a. 16 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8
 PRE-TEST
34

2. How many bytes are there in 1011 1001 0110

1110 numbers?

a. 16 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8
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Do It ONE MORE TIME!

BACK

PRE-TEST
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PRE-TEST
3. 26 is equivalent to _ in decimal numbers.

a. 64 b. 3 c. 12 d. 8
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PRE-TEST
3. 26 is equivalent to _ in decimal numbers.

a. 64 b. 3 c. 12 d. 8
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Do It ONE MORE TIME!

BACK

PRE-TEST
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PRE-TEST
4. Decimal number 8 is 1000 in binary numbers
and in octal numbers.

b. 7 c. 1 d. 10
a. 8
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PRE-TEST
4. Decimal number 8 is 1000 in binary numbers
and in octal numbers.

b. 7 c. 1 d. 10
a. 8
 Let’s do it!
PRE-TEST ABSTRACTION

ACTIVITIES APPLICATION

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
 Let us have 42

ACTIVITIES
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ACTIVITIES

FACTS
If the last digit of a binary number
is 1(one), the number is odd; if it’s
0(zero), the number is even.
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ACTIVITY 2.1.1
Before going further with our lesson, let’s have a quick exercise
to assess your knowledge regarding the things we are going to
discuss later.

In your own words, define the following terminologies:

1. Decimal
2. Binary
3. Hexadecimal
4. Octagonal
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ACTIVITY 2.1.1
Congratulations!
You have completed the first two
tasks. For you to completely
understand our lesson, you need to
analyze and reflect on your previous
activities.
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ACTIVITY 2.1.2
Complete each statement based on your experience.

The activities above made me remember …

It made me think and realize that…

Now, I want to learn and understand more on…

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ACTIVITY 2.1.1

That is great!
You may continue This Session by
clicking the Home bUttoN below..
HOME
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PRE-TEST ABSTRACTION

ACTIVITIES APPLICATION

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
 Let us have aN 49

ABSTRACTION
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NUMBER SYSTEM
When we type some letters or words, the computer translates them in numbers
as computers can understand only numbers. A computer can understand
positional number system where there are only a few symbols called digits and
these symbols represent different values depending on the position they occupy
in the number.

ABSTRACTION
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A value of each digit in a number can be determined using

1. The digit
2. The position of the digit in the number
3. The base of the number system (where base is
defined as the total number of digits available in the
number system).

ABSTRACTION
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As mention earlier, the technique to

represent and work with numbers is
called the number system.

ABSTRACTION
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THE numbers
system
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4 TYPES of number system

Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
Number Number Number Number
System System System System

MORE

ABSTRACTION
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- This is the most commonly used number system in the

world.
- It uses ten different characters to show the values of
numbers.
- The are ten different characters uses in a system that is
Decimal called the base 10 system.
Number - The base of a number system tells how many different
System characters are used.
- The mathematical term for the base of a number system
is radix.
- The symbols used are called Arabic numerals
consisting of 10 symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). The
radix or the base of a decimal system is ten (10).

ABSTRACTION
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4 TYPES of number system

Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
Number Number Number Number
System System System System

MORE

ABSTRACTION
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- this system is simpler than the decimal number system

because it uses only two characters.
- The binary number system is used in digital electronics
because digital circuits have only two states (two signal
Binary levels).
Number - This is ideal for computer processing because the “1” is
System used to denote electrical pulse or signal and “0” is used
to denote the absence of such signal.
- The binary notations “0” and “1” are called bits, which is
an acronym for BInarydigiTs. Often when referring to
binary numbers you will hear the terms “LSB” (least
significant bit) and “MSB” (most significant bit).

ABSTRACTION
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- These are very much like the terms we use when speaking of
decimal numbers. In decimal numbers, we refer to the most
Binary
significant digit (MSD) and the least significant digit (LSD).
- The LSB is the bit with the least weight. The MSB is the bit with
Number
the greatest weight. Normally, binary numbers are shown with System
the MSB as the leftmost bit.

Example:

The radix or the base of a binary system is two (2).

Figure 2.1.1 Parts of a Number

ABSTRACTION
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Some other common figures, which are used in special situations, are the following:

One State Opposite State

Off On
Low High
Open Closed

ABSTRACTION
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Some other common figures, which are used in special situations, are the following:

ABSTRACTION
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4 TYPES of number system

Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
Number Number Number Number
System System System System

MORE

ABSTRACTION
 - This system is a shorthand method for
replacing groups of binary digits by a single
Octal octal digit to reduce the number of digits
Number required in representing any number.
System
- -It has a radix or base of eight (8), consisting
of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

ABSTRACTION
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4 TYPES of number system

Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
Number Number Number Number
System System System System

MORE

ABSTRACTION
 Hexadecimal - refers to the base 16 number system in which
Number 16 different characters are used, consisting of
System
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.

ABSTRACTION
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4 TYPES of number system

Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
Number Number Number Number
System System System System

MORE

ABSTRACTION
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Why is the hexadecimal numbering system used?

We know that no electronic system uses 16

different levels in the way that binary
electronics uses two different levels. This
system is not required by the machines. It
is a convenience for people. The
hexadecimal numbering system is used in
the world of computers as a shorthand
technique.

ABSTRACTION
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You can see that there is a very real problem

because of their length.
For example, many computers use an 8-bit word.

Stop and That is, when they work with a binary

number, it has 8 bits. This 8-bit number has just as
think of many characters as the decimal numbers from any
some of the value from 0 to 99,999,999.
common The binary number that represents a large
uses for decimal number like 99,999,999 is very long. The
binary binary version of 99,999,999 is 27 bits long. Such a
long number is very difficult to read.
numbers.
So, the hexadecimal numbering system is
used as a shorthand method to reduce the length of
binary numbers.

ABSTRACTION
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Sixteen, as we know, is the

fourth power of 2. That is,
16 = 24 . Each of the 16
hexadecimal characters (0
through F) can be
represented by a 4-bit
binary number, that is,
00002 to 11112. This means
that one hexadecimal
character can serve as a
shorthand notation for a 4-
bit binary number.

ABSTRACTION
ABSTRACTION 69

AWESOME!
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AWESOME!
You may continue This Session by
clicking the Home bUttoN below..
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APPLICATION
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73

In the previous section, you just learn the four

common types of number systems, their meaning,
and importance.
To retain those learning you have acquired, you need
to make a Powerpoint Presentation (ppt) about our
lesson.
Your presentation should be creative enough for it to
be informative as well as interesting for the readers.

APPLICATION
APPLICATION 74

SEEMS LIKE YOU KNOW EVERYTHING about this lesson!

Keep Up the good work!
You may continue This Session by clicking the Home bottom below..

HOME
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SEEMS LIKE YOU KNOW EVERYTHING about this lesson!

Keep Up the good work!
You may continue This Session by clicking the Home bottom below..

HOME
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REFLECTION/
LEARNING INSIGHTS
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Almost Done!
To assess the learning you have acquired from our lessons
and activities, write an essay answering the question below:

“Why do we need a
different number system?”

REFLECTION/LEARNING INSIGHTS
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You have done all of your task today!

You deserve a good TIME!
You may exit This Session by clicking the Exit button and If you wish
to go back in some part of this presentation, just click the home
button

HOME EXIT
 80

You have done all of your task today!

You deserve a good TIME!
You may exit This Session by clicking the Exit button and If you wish
to go back in some part of this presentation, just click the home
button

HOME EXIT
 81

Thanks!
Any questions?
You can find me at:
[email protected]
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Credits
Module of Computer Programming by Alexander Aquino

file:///Users/markovillaplaza/Desktop/ACFrOgBj3bYTyKHsb9jAUpJ4VzYUP8hNZv1GjssaZFhJy6zd31T8v
udb8a4VI8c9HvfFAMAP2XdX7nteGgHUC5fxzkHNncMzeQYeTflKirtS7cNMB0c0GVsYXEAbFPy8WxpLwb
A1QGKAZd_5zmIk.pdf

Gifs:
https://www.google.com/search?q=computer+number+system+gif&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjHz5LSyJ
buAhXyNKYKHQHqDEQQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=computer+number+system+gif&gslcp=CgNpbWcQA1DUYVi
DZmCyZ2gAcAB4AIABTIgB1AGSAQEzmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=FK39X8
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