Inquiries, Investigation,

and Immersion
(Feasibility Study)
12
2

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Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion (Feasibility Study) – Grade 12
Quarter 1 – Module 19: Operations Plan
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Ahrcelie G. Francisco
Editor: Ronie B. Basinang /Edna Camarao PhD
Reviewers: Ronie B. Basinang EdD /Edna Camarao PhD
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

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Pasig City

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Inquiries, Investigation,
and Immersion
(Feasibility Study)
12
Quarter 2
Self-Learning
2 Module 1

Operations Plan

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Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion (Feasibility Study)

Self-Learning Module 1 on the Operations Plan.

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion (Feasibility Study)

Self-Learning Module 1 on the Operations Plan.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.

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 EXPECTATIONS

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define Operations and Operations Management; and

2. describe the 4Ms of operations as important aspects of operating

a business.

PRETEST

Answer the following briefly with your group mates.

1. Define Operations and Operations Management.

2. Why does a business need an Operations plan?
3. What are the 4Ms of Operations?

RECAP
In our previous lesson, we have discussed one of the additional Ps in the
marketing mix, People. You have learned how people play a vital role in
achieving the goals of an organization. You were also able to know the
significance of selecting the right people and how they will properly fit into a
job through pieces of training. For us to be able to come up with a great set
of personnel, we have to classify which type of people should we bring in to
our business.

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 LESSON

In this chapter, we are going to tackle the management of the operations. The
key person involved here is what we call the Operations Manager. But first,
let us know what Operations is. Just like Marketing, it is also an important
aspect of the business. It pertains to all activities that a business undergoes
in creating and delivering goods/services to its customers or clients.

It can be categorized into two:

Manufacturing Operations - the process of converting resources (inputs) into
a tangible output: a product, examples are the things that we usually
consume or use such as appliances, gadgets, breakfast in a restaurant,
vehicle.
Service Operations – the process of providing intangible services like a deed,
a performance, an effort. Some of the examples are treatment in hospitals,
haircut in a salon, banking, consultancy. These can be shown in a diagram
below:

inputs process outputs

Operations management. The managers need to design a system that is

highly effective and efficient to balance costs with revenue without
compromising the quality of outputs. Through this, the organization can

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maximize the net operating profit. Operations management is therefore critical
to organizational success.

Operations Plan, on the other hand, states the details in operating the
business. A strong operational plan should have the four operational aspects
called the 4Ms of operations: Money, Machines, Materials, and Methods.
Originally, we have 5M’s but since we have already discussed Manpower in
the prior lesson we ought not to include it here.

The 4 Ms of Operations

Money
All organizations, regardless of the size need money to be sustainable and
achieve their objectives. It is considered as the lifeblood of the business.
Without it, no business can motivate workers, get the quality and sufficient
materials, and acquire the right machines. It is like fuel to a car or food to a
human body. In the upcoming lesson, we will enumerate some sources of
funds that can be helpful when we are starting up a business.

Machines
Most businesses would not be able to operate without the aid of machines.
Machines can be described as the “best friend” of manpower in producing
foods and offering services. They go hand in hand. They became a very
important aspect of the production process that it can even replace
employees. Machines are not only limited to physical equipment but can also
pertain to new technologies that help business operations become
standardized and seamless.

Materials
Whether the organization will offer products or cater services, he or she has
to pinpoint several dependable suppliers of quality raw materials and

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supplies. The suppliers must have a consistent and sufficient amount of raw
materials and supplies that can accommodate the demand of the operations.

Methods
The methods aspect represents the day-to-day operations of a business. It
describes how we will run the business in all facets such as the
manufacturing of goods, service delivery process, distribution of goods and
services, logistics for delivery of goods, and inventory management to name a
few. We as business owners have to be very detailed in formulating these
processes to ensure that the customer experience will be pleasant.

ACTIVITIES

Performance Task.

Directions: Using your proposed business, work with your group mates and
prepare a concise operations plan using the 4 Ms of operations.

1. List down all the basic requirements of business during start-ups. You can
search the internet or ask some people you know who are already into the
same or similar business as yours.

2. Send your captured answers written on a long bond paper thru my

Facebook Messenger.

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 WRAP–UP

Reflect Upon:

1. Why do businesses need to plan their operations?

2. As a manager, why does managing processes of producing and distributing

products and services critical?

3. How do proper planning and implementation helps in attaining the goals

of the organization?

4. Why do you think having an incompetent manager will also mean the
failure of your business?

VALUING

 How would you rate yourself from 1-10 at planning out your tasks?
 What do you think are the things you should do to improve your
planning skills?

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R E F E R E N CE S

DIWA Senior High School Series: Entrepreneurship

Ronaldo S. Batisan

Operations Management
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/operations-management.asp

Manufacturing and Service Operations

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/

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