Computer System Servicing NCII
L13 STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM
Marvin B. Broñoso
CSS Teacher/Trainer
[email protected]0918 697 5164
Learning Competencies
At the end of this module the learners will be able to . . .
○ Describe the role of different LAN cable in computer network
according to its type.
○ Explain and enumerate the different types of LAN cable and its use.
○ List the standardization organization in computer networking and
structured cabling system.
○ List the evolution and characteristic of computer cabling
standardization.
TERMINOLOGIES
• TC – Thin Copper
• AL – Aluminum
• ANSI – American National Standard Institute
• TIA – Telecommunication Industry Association
• EIA – Electronic Industry Association
• ISO – International Organization for Standardization
• Network Topology – Infrastructure of computer network
• Ethernet Cable – Cable use to connect your computer to the network.
TERMINOLOGIES
• ACR – Attenuation to Cross-Talk Ration
• BER – Bit Error Rate
• FEXT – Far End Cross-Talk
• NEXT – Near End Cross-Talk
• STP – Shielded Twisted Pair
• UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair
WHAT IS NETWORK CABLING
Cable is the medium through which information usually moves
from one network device to another. There are several types of
cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a
network will utilize only one type of cable, other networks will
use a variety of cable types. The type of cable chosen for a
network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and
size. Understanding the characteristics of different types of
cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is
necessary for the development of a successful network.
LAN CABLE TYPES
COAXIAL TWISTED PAIR FIBER OPTIC
(1) COAXIAL CABLE
Coaxial cable is commonly used by cable operators, telephone companies, and internet
providers around the world to convey data, video, and voice communications to customers.
It has also been used extensively within homes.
1. Center Conductor
2. Center Conductor bond
3. Dielectric
4. First Outer Conductor
5. Second Outer Conductor
6. Third Outer Conductor
7. Fourth Outer Conductor
8. Corrosion Resistant Protectant
9. Jacket
10. Integral Messenger
Coaxial cable is a type of cable that has an inner conductor surrounded by an insulating
layer, surrounded by a conductive shielding. Many also have an insulating outer jacket The
diagram below illustrates the construction of a typical cable. Electrical signal flows through
(1) COAXIAL CABLE
The most common type of connector used with coaxial cables is the Bayone-Neill-
Concelman (BNC) connector.
To help avoid problems with your network, always use the BNC connectors that crimp,
rather screw, onto the cable.
(2) TWISTED PAIR
Twisted pair cabling comes in two varieties: shielded and unshielded. Unshielded
twisted pair (UTP) is the most popular and is generally the best option for school
networks
(2) TWISTED PAIR
The quality of UTP may vary from telephone-grade wire to extremely high-speed
cable. The cable has four pairs of wires inside the jacket. Each pair is twisted with
a different number of twists per inch to help eliminate interference from
adjacent pairs and other electrical devices. The tighter the twisting, the higher
the supported transmission rate and the greater the cost per foot. The EIA/TIA
(Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunication Industry Association) has
established standards of UTP and rated eight categories of wire as shown in the
next slide.
(2) TWISTED PAIR
(2) TWISTED PAIR
Cable type and its specification
(2) TWISTED PAIR
CATEGORY CABLE SHIELDING
The acronyms used to describe the cable shielding have changed over the last several years in
order to avoid confusion of the different types of shielding found on Category cables today.
The mechanical construction of the Category cables shielding is identified by specific
abbreviations. These abbreviations or acronyms were established by the ISO/IEC 11801
standard and adopted by TIA/EIA.
The standard abbreviations are as follows:
TP = Twisted Pair
U = Unshielded
F = Foil Shield
S= Braided Shield
Example:F/UTP F: Describes the overall shielding type U: Describes the shielding of the pairs TP:
Describes the Twisted Pairs The code before the slash describes the overall shielding. The
second letter after the slash describes the shielding of the individual pairs.
(2) TWISTED PAIR
(3) FIBER OPTIC CABLE
Fiber optic cabling consists of a center
glass core surrounded by several layers
of protective materials.
It transmits light rather than electronic
signals eliminating the problem of
electrical interference. This makes it
ideal for certain environments that
contain a large amount of electrical
interference. It has also made it the
standard for connecting networks
between buildings, due to its immunity
to the effects of moisture and lighting.
(3) FIBER OPTIC CABLE
The number of mobile internet users
and the proliferation of connected
devices have led to the exponential
growth in global internet traffic. These
traffic will make more network providers
to upgrade their networks and introduce
more optical assemblies like fiber optic
cables, fiber optic connector, fiber optic
transceiver, etc.
(3) FIBER OPTIC CABLE
Fiber optic connector types are as various as the applications for which they were
developed. Different connector types have different characteristics, different advantages
and disadvantages, and different performance parameters. But all connectors have the
same three basic components: ferrule, connector body, cable, coupling device.
(3) FIBER OPTIC CABLE
Ferrule: the ferrule acts as a fiber alignment mechanism and holds the glass fiber. It has a
hollowed-out center that forms a tight grip on the fiber. Ferrules are typically made of
metal, ceramic or quality plastic.
Connector Body: also known as the connector housing, the body holds the ferrule and
attaches to the jacket and strengthens members of the fiber cable itself. It is usually
constructed of metal or plastic and includes one or more assembled pieces which hold the
fiber in place.
Coupling Device: coupling device is a part of the connector body that keeps the connector in
place when attached to another device like as bulkhead coupler and optical transceiver.
(3) FIBER OPTIC CABLE
Fiber Optic Connectors
CABLING STANDARDS
STANDARD ORGANIZATION
EIA/TIA (USA) CENELC
Electrical/Telecommunication European Committee for
Industries Association electrotechnical Standardization
ANSI IEEE
American National Standard Institute Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineer
ISO/IEC
International Organization for
Standardization / International
Electrotechnical Commission
STANDARD HISTORY
ANSI/EIA/TIA 568 published in 1991
The 1st Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standard
The original document, together with TSB-36 & TSB-40 specified the
basic transmission requirements of Category 3, 4 & 5
ANSI/EIA/TIA 568A published in 1995
Recognized Cables for Horizontal Cabling:
4 pair 100 UTP cables (including S/UTP)
2 pair 150 STP cables (IBM TYPE-1A)
2 fiber 62.5/125µ and 50/125µ fiber-optic cable
STANDARD HISTORY
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B Series
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1
General Infrastructure requirements
Copper and Fiber
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2
Copper requirements Cat3, Cat5, Cat5E
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3
Fiber requirements
STANDARD HISTORY
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-2 Series (COPPER)
B-2.1 Category 6 specifications
B-2.2 Balanced Twisted-Pair Cabling Components
B-2.3 IL & RL Pass/Fail Determination
B-2.4 Solderless Connection Reliability Requirements for Copper Connecting
Hardware
B-2.5 Corrections to TIA/EIA-568-B.2
B-2.6 Cat 6 Related Component Test Procedures
B-2.7 Reliability Specification Requirements for Copper Connecting Hardware
B-2.8 Additional Component Req. for DTE Power
B-2.9 Additional Cat 6 Balance Requirements & Measurement Procedures
B-2.10 Augmented Cat 6 Cabling (10G))
B-2.11 increased UTP and ScTP Cable Diameter
STANDARD HISTORY
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-3 Series (FIBER)
B-3.1 Laser Optimized (OM-3) MM – 10 Gigabit
TSB 140 – Additional Guidelines for Field-Testing Length, Loss and Polarity of
Optical Fiber Cabling Systems
STANDARD HISTORY
CELENC EN 50173-1
EN 50173-1 General Requirements
EN 50173-2 Office (Commercial) Premises
EN 50173-3 Industrial Premises
EN 50173-4 Residential Premises
EN 50173-5 Data Centers
TESTING PARAMETERS
Commercial Building Telecommunications
Cabling Standard
Link - The transmission between any two interfaces of generic cabling
without equipment & work area cables (where an optional
transition connection is allowed)
Maximum Link length is 90 Mtrs
Channel - The end-to-end transmission path connecting any two pieces of
application specific equipment with equipment & work area cables
Maximum Channel length is 100 Mtrs
TESTING PARAMETERS
END
RESOURCE & ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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