Alfredo da Silva Angola

Project Managers Program

TECHNICAL NOTE

1.4.3. BASIC COMPONENTS OF AN ELEVATOR

1.4.3.5 Cars

(Trainer: José Luis Blanco)

Alfredo da Silva Angola

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TECHNICAL FILE

INDEX
1. Different types of cars and decoration
2. Milenium decoration
3. S Konzept decoration
4. K-29 self-supporting car
5. Fire resistance accuracy
6. References in Standards according to elevators

DOCUMENTS
1. MIT information Car (“Cabinas”)
2. Milenium catalogue
3. DVD of Milenium car
4. INTRANET – “Dirección Postventa” (After sales Department) – DC “Decoraciones de
cabina” (car decorations)

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. EN 81-1: 1998 and EN 81-2: 1998
2. MIT information
3. S Konzept catalogue

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 3/ 16

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1. – Different types of cars and decorations

The car is the place in which the users travel. It shall be completely enclosed by walls, floor,
ceiling and doors. The only openings allowed in the car are the entrance doors, emergency
trap doors and ventilation apertures. The interior clear height shall be at least 2 m.

There are three general car types: metal, synthetic materials (composites, polymers,…) or
panoramic. Metal cars have a rectangular floor plan many of the times, whereas synthetic or
panoramic cars may have a variety of shapes: circular, polygonal, rectangular, etc.

The car walls, floor and ceiling may be made of different materials such as stainless steel,
melamine, Formica, painted steel plate, glass, composites, etc. They shall have enough
mechanical strength. Each wall shall have a mechanical strength such that when a force of 300
N being evenly distributed over an area of 5 cm2 in a round or square section, applied at any
point from the inside of the car outward, the wall shall resist without any permanent
deformation and without elastic deformation greater than 15 mm.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 4/ 16

ThyssenKrupp Elevator· SEED Campus EUROPE·

The cars may have one or two entrances. They are referred to as 90º or 180º double
entrances, depending on the relative position of the two entrances. There could be some cars
with triple entrance, but it might pose problems of the car doors interfering.

The dimensions and surface area of the cars are standardized according to capacity. To
prevent an overloading of the car by persons, there is a restriction of surface, thus limiting the
available area. Furthermore, weighing device monitors overloading of the car.
To make an approximately calculation, the number of weight for each passenger is 75 kg.,
and the result is rounded down to the nearest whole number.

Load (kg) Nº of passengers Max. Usable area (m2) Minimum available area (m2)
320 4 0.95 0.79
450 6 1.3 1.17
630 8 1.66 1.45
750 10 1.9 1.73
900 12 2.2 2.01
975 13 2.35 2.15
1,050 14 2.5 2.29

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 5/ 16

ThyssenKrupp Elevator· SEED Campus EUROPE·

All cars must have permanent lighting of at least 50 lux on the floor level and on the control
panel. Furthermore, they must be equipped with an emergency supply that, in the event of a
failure of the normal lighting supply, is capable of feeding at least a 1W lamp for 1 hour.
You can find attached a chart to make a calculation of the maximum load for the lift,
according to the interior width and depth dimensions.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 6/ 16

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INTERIOR WIDTH OF CAR

mm 900 950 1,000 1,050 1,100 1,150 1,200 1,250 1,300 1,350 1,400 1,450 1,500 1,550 1,600
900 0.86 0.90 0.95 0.99 1.04 1.09 1.13 1.17 1.22 1.26 1.31 1.35 1.40 1.44 1.49

950 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.09 1.14 1.19 1.24 1.28 1.33 1.38 1.43 1.47 1.52 1.57

1,000 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65
INTERIOR DEPTH OF CAR

1,050 0.99 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.26 1.31 1.36 1.41 1.47 1.52 1.57 1.62 1.68 1,73

1,100 1.04 1.09 1.15 1.20 1.26 1.31 1.37 1.42 1.48 1.53 1.59 1.64 1.70 1.75 1.81

1,150 1.08 1.14 1.20 1.26 1.31 1.37 1.43 1.49 1.54 1.60 1.66 1.72 1.77 1.83 1.89

1,200 1.13 1.19 1.25 1.31 1.37 1.43 1.49 1.55 1.61 1.67 1.73 1.79 1.85 1.91 1.97

1,250 1.17 1.24 1.30 1.36 1.42 1.49 1.55 1.61 1.67 1.74 1.80 1.86 1.92 1.99 2.05

1,300 1.22 1.28 1.35 1.41 1.48 1.54 1.61 1.67 1.74 1.80 1.87 1.93 2.00 2.06 2.13

1,350 1.26 1.33 1.40 1.47 1.53 1.60 1.67 1.74 1.80 1.87 1.94 2.01 2.07 2.14 2.21

1,400 1.31 1.38 1.45 1.52 1.59 1.66 1.73 1.80 1.87 1.94 2.01 2.08 2.15 2.22 2.29

1,450 1.35 1.43 1.50 1.57 1.64 1.72 1.79 1.86 1.93 2.01 2.08 2.15 2.22 2.30 2.37

1,500 1.40 1.47 1.55 1.62 1.70 1.77 1.85 1.92 2.00 2.07 2.15 2.22 2.30 2.37 2.45

1,550 1.44 1.52 1.60 1.68 1.75 1.83 1.91 1.99 2.06 2.14 2.22 2.30 2.37 2.45 2.53

1,600 1.49 1.57 1.65 1.73 1.81 1.89 1.97 2.05 2.13 2.21 2.29 2.37 2.45 2.53

1,650 1.53 1.62 1.70 1.78 1.86 1.95 2.03 2.11 2.19 2.28 2.36 2.44 2.52 m2
1,700 1.58 1.66 1.75 1.83 1.92 2.00 2.09 2.17 2.26 2.34 2.43 2.51

1,750 1.62 1.71 1.80 1.89 1.97 2.06 2.15 2.24 2.32 2.41 2.50

1,800 1.67 1.76 1.85 1.94 2.03 2.12 2.21 2.30 2.39 2.48

1,850 1.71 1.81 1.90 1.99 2.08 2.18 2.27 2.36 2.45

1,900 1.76 1.85 1.95 2.04 2.14 2.23 2.33 2.42

1,950 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.19 2.29 2.39 2.49

2,000 1.85 1.95 2.05 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45

2,050 1.89 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.41 2.51 Surf.

Load
2,100 1.94 2.04 2.15 2.25 2.36 2.46 Peop. máx. mín.
2,150 1.98 2.09 2.20 2.31 2.41 2.52 kg m2 m2
2,200 2.03 2.14 2.25 2.36 2.47 450 6 1.30 1.17
2,250 2.07 2.19 2.30 2.41 630 8 1.66 1.45
2,300 2.12 2.23 2.35 2.46 m 2 800 10 2.00 1.73
1,000 13 2.40 2.15

For lift maintenance purposes, the car ceiling must be able to support at any position the
mass of two people, each of 1,000 N on an area of 0.2 m x 0.2 m without permanent
deformation.
The car must also be equipped with a control panel (car operating panel, C.O.P.) with the
pushbuttons, floor indicator (position indicator, P.I.) and load and capacity information that is
required by the regulations (weighing devices).

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 7/ 16

ThyssenKrupp Elevator· SEED Campus EUROPE·

In TKE BU SEAME, there are four main types of cars:

- K-40 - Basically is an evolution of K-25 car, made of sheet panel structure. It has
6 different inner heights, floor dimensions is variable (step 10mm). Decorations
available: Boreal and Millenium. S Konzept is not ready for the moment though it
will be available soon.
- K-29 – Self-supporting car: Mainly for residential use and speeds up to 1 m/s;
horizontal panels and horizontal car operating panel. It can admit Millenium and
S Konzept decorations. This car is the standard for Synergy 1m/s.
- K-28 - Millenium: Mainly for residential use; horizontal panels and horizontal
car operating panel.
- K-25 - Boreal: Mainly for residential use; vertical panels and vertical car
operating panel.
- K-20: For special uses; this is the name of the structure, but the decoration is
not standardized.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 8/ 16

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K-28 – Millenium car K-25 – Boreal

With reference to decorations, there are many possibilities; they can be seen in the TKE

“INTRANET > “Dirección Postventa” (After sales Department) > DC “Decoraciones de cabina”

(decorations).

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 9/ 16

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Different materials for walls, ceiling, floor, lighting.

Walls: steel plate, stainless steel, composites materials, special wood (treated

conglomerated), glass (panoramic lifts), mirror, marble,…

Ceiling: steel plate, stainless steel, composites materials, polycarbonate materials, plastics,

special wood (treated conglomerated), glass, mirror, marble,…

Lighting: fluorescent, halogen, cold lighting,…

Floor: steel plate, stainless steel, marble, granite, vinyl, rubber,…

Many combinations must be done with these materials in order to fulfill the requirements

of architects, clients, constructors,…

A very important component when defining the decoration of the car is the Car Operating

Panel and the Indicators that will be defined in other technical note.

2. – Millenium car

Millenium decoration is the standard car developed by TKE for the residential segment. It

has been specially designed to overcome architectonic barriers and complies with all

requirements established in the European Standard for accessible lifts (EN 81-70:2004).

The main characteristic of Millenium car is the horizontal operating panel (C.O.P.), with

tactile push buttons including Braille and visible and audible call registering. The handrails on

the walls allow safe and easy movements of people in wheelchairs. It also has a LCD indicator

for a better communication with passengers and gives to the car a nice impression.

With the same structure, we can also have vertical panels (not for self-supporting car).

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 10/ 16

ThyssenKrupp Elevator· SEED Campus EUROPE·

Millenium with horizontal panels Millenium with vertical panels

The application field for the Millenium car is 320 kg, 450 kg, 630 kg and up to 1,000 kg,

either with one access or open-through (double entrance 180º). The appearance of Millenium

(horizontal panel decoration) could be done with other car structures, for other dimensions.

This car can be installed either electrical (with or without machine room) or hydraulic lifts. In

the first stage, the self-supporting car is only available for synergy machine room-less

elevators.

This car is functional and modern. The materials for the panels can be melamine, stainless

steel or Formica with several colors.

One handrail is located in the lateral wall in front of the car operating panel (C.O.P.).

Optionally, more handrails can be placed on other walls.

The mirror may be placed in the front wall or in the lateral wall in front of the car operating

panel.

In the upper area of the car we have the fluorescent lighting in one side (with stainless-

steel plate), and the Position Indicator on the other side.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 11/ 16

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The main advantages of this car are:

- One person can mount it on-site, from the inside of the car; vital for narrow shafts.

- Very easy to exchange panels (because of vandalism or other reasons).

- Supply to job site disassembled (less volume for transport; easier to stock, logistics).

- Decoration can be changed whenever the customer wants; the panels could be from

different colors or materials,…

- Ligher than conventional cars, due to materials and structure used to support it.

Because of this, we need less fillers in the counterweight.

- Less stress in the shaft of the machine and less torque needed.

The design of this car has been patented by TKE.

3. – S Konzept decoration
This brand new design achieves at the same time the technical advantages of Millenium

(easy assembly and maintenance) but offers an appearance modern and elegant. Just making

an adequate combination of lighting and sobriety, the space turns into the main figure.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 12/ 16

ThyssenKrupp Elevator· SEED Campus EUROPE·

There are four combinations of the COP: Vertical, central and 2x lateral. The COP and the

lighting are both linked by a vertical panel. These three components are made of high quality

plastic (instead of stainless steel as in the past).

Another feature is that the panels seems to be a single part (only a small joint at the middle

of every panel makes possible to handle the weight by one person). The old style of horizontal

panels is replaced by a new concept where the space and light get more importance.

Depending on the number of boardings and of the cabin with, there are three different

arrangements of the panels and mirrors.

 1 Boarding: 5 panels, skirting, 3 mouldings and mirror

 2 Boardings: 3 panels, 2 mouldings and mirror

 Wide cabins: 6 panels, skirting, 3 mouldings and mirror

4. – K-29 self-supporting car

With the same idea as the Millenium decoration, this car has been developed focused on

the synergy machine room-less elevator.

The main characteristics are:

• Self-supported car; no slings needed.

• Car structure reinforced, to avoid beams or profiles (there is no sling).

• Ceiling reinforcement in the corners to give more stability.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 13/ 16

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• Floor, ceiling and four main columns.

• Mechanized beams to fit decoration easily.

• Smaller shaft dimensions.

• Ceiling provided with supports for easy assembly.

• Only one erection tool for the entire assembly.

• The entire structure can be assembled by one person.

• Ceiling with trap door (optional to reduce overhead).

• 25 % lighter than a similar car.

• In general, trying to achieve a decrease in material weight (directly related to the

weight of counterweight and power of machine, inverter, controller,…).

K-29 self-supporting car Decorative panels of K-29

5. – Fire resistance accuracy

There is no specific standard according to the car materials, but the classifications for

construction materials can be applied.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 14/ 16

ThyssenKrupp Elevator· SEED Campus EUROPE·

In the EN 81 Standards, the only references that we have is in art. 8.3.3, where we can read

that the walls, floor and roof shall not be made of materials likely to become dangerous

through too high flammability or through the nature and quantity of gas fumes they may

generate.

6. – References in Standards according to elevators

We have references in EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009 and EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009.; likewise in EN

81-70: 2003 in order to fulfill the different conditions for accessibility, particularly for
handicapped people.
We are going to point out the chapters of the Standard related to car.

In Chapter 8 Car.

8 Car
8.1. Height of car
8.2. Available car area, rated load, number of passengers
8.3. Walls, floor and roof of the car
8.4. Apron
8.5. Car entrance
8.12. Emergency trap doors and emergency doors
8.13. Car roof
8.14. Car header
8.15. Equipment on top of the car
8.16. Ventilation
8.17. Lighting

Main characteristics according to Standard EN 81-1:1998 and EN 81-2:1998

- Interior clear height of at least 2 m (Art. 8.1.1).

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 15/ 16

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- Car areas (Art. 8.2). For general use, see table.

- Mechanical strength for 300 N in 5 cm2 in round or square section without permanent
deformation, without elastic deformation greater than 15 mm and after that force has
been applied, the safety function shall not be affected (Art. 8.3.2.1).
- Glass walls (Art. 8.3.2.2, 8.3.2.3, 8.3.2.4 and Annex J).
- Apron of 750 mm under the car sill (Art. 8.4.2).
- The car roof must be able to support at any position the mass of two people, each of
1.000 N on an area of 0.2 m x 0.2 m, without permanent deformation (Art. 8.13.1).
- Balustrade in the car roof for distance between ceiling and shaft wall bigger than 300
mm (Art.8.13.3); height of the balustrade 700 mm (less than 850 mm distance) and
1.100 mm (more than 850 mm distance).
- Ventilation of 1% of the available car area, situated in the upper and lower part of the
car (Art 8.16.2).
- Electrical lighting that ensures a light intensity of at least 50-lux at floor level (Art.
8.17.1).
- Cars must be equipped with an emergency supply that is capable, should the normal
lighting fail, of feeding at least a 1W lamp for 1 hour (Art. 8.17.4).
- There are more articles that are important referring to car doors, but for a general
idea, these are the most relevant.

Project Managers Program· · Updated Jan 12 16/ 16