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Vue.js Computed Properties
In Vue.js, computed properties are used when we
have to handle complex logic and operations.
Computed properties are just like methods but with
some differences.
We have successfully used in-template expressions
in previous examples. They are very convenient, but
the in-template expressions are mainly used for
simple operations. If you have to put a heavy and
complex logic in your templates, it can be bloated
and hard to maintain.
For example:
<div id="example">
{{ message.split('').reverse().join('') }}
</div>
Here you can see that the template is not as simple
and declarative as before. It looks more complex,
and you have to look at it for a second before
realizing that it displays the message in reverse. This
problem may get worse when you have to use the
reversed message in your template repeatedly.
Let's take some easy examples to make computed
properties concept clear and easy to understand.
This can also make you able to decide when to use
methods and when to use computed properties.
See the following examples to understand the
concept of computed properties:
Example1
Index.html file:
<html>
<head>
<title>Vue.js Computed Property</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vu
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="com_props">
This is the Original message:<h2> {{ message }}
</h2>
This is the Computed reversed message: <h2> {{ revers
</h2>
</div>
<script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Index.js file:
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#com_props',
data: {
message: 'Hello JavaTpoint'
},
computed: {
// a computed getter
reversedMessage: function () {
// `this` points to the vm instance
return this.message.split('').reverse().join('')
})
Let's use a simple CSS file to make the output more
attractive.
Index.css file:
html, body {
margin: 5px;
padding: 0;
After the execution of the program, you will see the
following output:
Output:
Example explanation
In the above example, we have declared a computed
property reversedMessage. Here the provided
function is used as the getter function for the property
reversedMessage. The value of reversedMessage is
always dependent on the value of message property.
data: {
message: 'Hello JavaTpoint'
},
computed: {
// a computed getter
reversedMessage: function () {
Example 2
Let's take another example. In this example, you can
enter your data in a form structure and see the result
of computer property. See the following example:
Index.html file:
<html>
<head>
<title>Vue.js Computed Property</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vu
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id = "com_props">
FirstName : <input type = "text" v-
model = "firstname" /> <br/><br/>
LastName : <input type = "text" v-
model<h2>My
= "lastname"/>
name is<br/><br/>
{{firstname}} {{lastname}}
</h2><h2>Retrieve name by using computed property : {
</h2>
</div>
<script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Index.js file:
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#com_props',
data: {
firstname :"",
lastname :"",
birthyear : ""
},
computed :{
getfullname : function(){
return this.firstname +" "+ this.lastname;
})
Let's use a simple CSS file to make the output more
attractive.
Index.css file:
html, body {
margin: 5px;
padding: 0;
After the execution of the program, you will see the
following output:
Output:
Example explanation
In the above example, we have created two
textboxes named Firstname and Lastname. These
textboxes are bound using properties firstname and
lastname.
Now, we have called computed method getfullname,
which returns the firstname and the lastname
entered.
computed :{
getfullname : function(){
return this.firstname +" "+ this.lastname;
When we type in the textbox, the function returns the
same after the changes in properties' firstname or
lastname. Thus, with the help of computed we don't
have to do anything specific, such as remembering to
call a function. With computed property, it gets called
by itself as the properties used inside changes, i.e.
firstname and lastname.
Difference between a method and a
computed property
In the above examples, we have learned about
computed properties. Now, let's learn about the
difference between a method and a computed
property. We know that both are objects, and there
are functions defined inside, which returns a value.
In the case of computed properties, we call it a
property while we call it a function in the case of
method. Let's see an example to understand the
difference between method and computed property.
Index.html file:
<html>
<head>
<title>Vue.js Computed Property</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vu
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id = "com_props">
<h2 style = "background-
color:gray;">Random No from computed property: {{get
</h2>
<h2>Random No from method: {{getrandomno1()}
</h2><h2 style = "background-
color:gray;">Random No from computed property: {{get
</h2>
<h2 style = "background-
color:gray;">Random No from computed property: {{get
</h2><h2>Random No from method: {{getrandomno1()}
</h2>
</div>
<script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Index.js file:
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#com_props',
data: {
name : "helloworld"
},
methods: {
getrandomno1 : function() {
return Math.random();
},
computed :{
getrandomno : function(){
return Math.random();
})
Let's use a simple CSS file to make the output more
attractive.
Index.css file:
html, body {
margin: 5px;
padding: 0;
After the execution of the program, you will see the
following output:
Output:
Example Explanation
In the above example, we have created a method
named getrandomno1 and a computed property
with a function name getrandomno. In this example,
we are using Math.random() to get back result in the
form of random numbers. We have called the method
and computed property many times to see the
difference.
Here, you can see that the random numbers returned
from the computed property remain the same every
time irrespective of the number of times it is called.
This means every time it is called; the last value is
updated for all. On the other hand, for a method, it is
a function, so it returns a different value every time it
is called.
Get/Set in Vue.js Computed Properties
Let's see how to use get/set functions in Vue.js
computed properties. See the following example:
Index.html file:
<html>
<head>
<title>Vue.js Computed Property</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vu
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id = "com_props">
<input type = "text" v-model = "fullname" />
<h1>{{firstName}}</h1>
<h1>{{lastName}}</h1>
</div>
<script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Index.js file:
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#com_props',
data: {
firstName : "Alex",
lastName : "Junior"
},
methods: {
},
computed :{
fullname : {
get : function() {
return this.firstName+" "+this.lastName;
})
After the execution of the program, you will see the
following output:
Output:
In the above example, we have defined a computed
property input box that is bound to fullname. It returns
a function called get and gives the fullname as
output, i.e., the first name and the last name.
<h1>{{firstName}}</h1>
<h1>{{lastName}}</h1>
Now, you can see that if you change the name in the
textbox, the result is not reflected in the output. See
the following image.
Output:
To resolve this issue, we have to add the setter
function in the fullname computed property.
Add the following set function in the fullname
computed property:
computed :{
fullname : {
get : function() {
return this.firstName+" "+this.lastName;
},
set : function(name) {
var fname = name.split(" ");
this.firstName = fname[0];
this.lastName = fname[1]
See the following example:
Index.html file:
<html>
<head>
<title>Vue.js Computed Property</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vu
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id = "com_props">
<input type = "text" v-model = "fullname" />
<h1>{{firstName}}</h1>
<h1>{{lastName}}</h1>
</div>
<script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Index.js file:
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#com_props',
data: {
firstName : "Alex",
lastName : "Junior"
},
methods: {
},
computed :{
fullname : {
get : function() {
return this.firstName+" "+this.lastName;
},
set : function(name) {
var fname = name.split(" ");
this.firstName = fname[0];
this.lastName = fname[1]
});
After the execution of the program, you will see the
following output:
Output:
Now, if you edit the textbox after running the code,
the updated name will be displayed in the browser.
The firstname and the lastname are updated here
because of the set function. The get function returns
the firstname and lastname, while the set function
updates it if you edit anything in the textbox.
See the output after editing.
Output:
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