1 ACI - Builder With Hand Calculation PDF

Design of Beam using
RCM ACI-Builder
check with
Hand Calculation
( Mathcad Application )
Mony Akademia RCM-ACI-Builder
1. Rectangular Beam Design in Singly Reinforcement
Beam Section: 600x300 with two layer tension reinforcement
Effective depth of beam: h – 90
Factor Moment Mu = 135 kN*m
o Concrete Compressive Strength : f'c = 25 MPa
o Rebar Yield Strength (Main bar) : fy = 390 MPa
o Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : Es = 200000 MPa
1. Section Definition
Chhun Deulish Page 1/28

2. Calculate Area of Steel

3. Report Design

2. Rectangular Beam Design in Doubly Reinforcement
Beam Section: 500x350
Two layer tension reinforcement (90mm)
Two layer compression reinforcement (90mm)


3. Design Report


3. Design of T Beam Section
Beam Section: bw : 300mm, hf : 125mm, h : 500mm and bef : 1000mm


3. Design Report

4. Design of Vertical Stirrup
Beam Section: bw : 300mm, h : 700mm
Number of Stirrup legs : 2
Factor Shear Vu = 380 kN
o Rebar Yield Strength (Stirrup) : fy = 390 MPa



1. Rectangular Beam Design in Singly Reinforcement
Given Data : Find : As&ϕMn
Compressive strength of concrete f'c  25 MPa
Yeild strength of reinforcement fy  390  MPa
Width of beam b  300  mm
Height of beam h  600  mm
Effective depth of beam d  ( h  90 mm)
Distance from extreme compression to extreme tension steel dt  h  60 mm
Maximum Moment for simple beam Mu  135 kN m
Solution Reference
1. Define ρ
Equivalent depth factor
β1  0.85 if f'c  28 MPa (ACI.10.2.7.3)
  f'c  28 MPa 

0.85  0.05   if 28 MPa  f'c  55 MPa
  7 MPa 
0.65 otherwise
β1  0.85
Minimum tesion reinforcement ratio
 f'c 
  MPa 
 MPa 1.4 MPa 
ρmin  max 0.25  ρmin  0.004 (ACI.10.5)
 fy fy 

Chhun Deulish Page14 /28

Balanced tension reinforcement ratio
f'c
ρb  β1 0.85  
 600 MPa 
fy 600  MPa  fy 
 
ρb  0.028
Maximum tension reinforcement ratio
ρmax  0.75 ρb ρmax  0.021 (ACI.10.3.5)
Total tension reinforcement ratio
Mu kN
Rn  Rn  1922.338
2 2
0.9 b d m
f'c  2  Rn 
ρ  0.85  1  1  ρ  0.005
fy 0.85 f'c
 
Section  "Enough Section" if ρmin  ρ  ρmax
"Increase Section" otherwise
Section  "Enough Section"
Reinforcement areas require

As.req  max ρ b d ρmin b d  As.req  791.74 mm
2
fs  fy if ρb  ρ
  0.85 f'c 
600  MPa  β 1  1 otherwise
ρ f y
  
Rebar dimeter db  18 mm
2
π  db
2
Areas Ad  Ad  254.469  mm
4
 As.req 
Number of Rebars n  ceil   n4
 Ad 
Reinforcement areas require
2
As.pro  n Ad As.pro  1017.876 mm
The depth of equivalent compression rectangular stress block
As.pro fy
a  a  62.27  mm
0.85 f'c b
Distance from extreme compression fiber to neutral axis
a = β1 c (ACI.10.2.7.1)
a
c  c  73.259 mm
β1
Compressive Strain in concrete
εcu  0.003 (ACI.10.2.3)
Tensile strain in tension reinforcement
 dt  c 
εt    ε εt  0.019
 c  cu
Section Behavior  "Tension controlled section" if εt  0.005 (ACI. 9.3.2)
"Compression controlled section" if εt  0.002
"Transition region" otherwise
Section Behavior  "Tension controlled section"

Strength reduction factors (ACI. 9.3.2)
ϕ  0.9 if εt  0.005
0.65 if εt  0.002
0.65  
εt  0.002  
250 
 otherwise
  3 
ϕ  0.9
2. Calculate Moment Capacity
 a
ϕMn  ϕ As.pro fy  d   ϕMn  171.086  kN m
 2
Section  "Pass" if Mu  ϕMn Section  "Pass"
"Fail" otherwise

2. Design of doubly reinforced concrete beam
Given Data : Find : As, A's & ϕMn

Width of beam b  350  mm
Effective depth of beam d  ( h  90 mm)
Distance from extreme compression to centroid of compression steel d'  90 mm
Modulus of elasticity of steel E s  2  105 MPa
Maximum Moment Mu  350  kN m

2
π  db 2
Use rebar db  25 mm Areas Ad  Ad  490.874  mm
4
Assume ϕ  0.9
Solution Reference
1. Define ρ
β1  0.85 if f'c  28 MPa (ACI.10.2.7.3)
  f'c  28 MPa 

0.85  0.05   if 28 MPa  f'c  55 MPa
  7 MPa 
0.65 otherwise
β1  0.85

Minimum Tensile Reinforcement ratio
 f'c 
  MPa 
 MPa 1.4 MPa 
ρmin  max 0.25  (ACI.10.5)
 fy fy 
 
ρmin  0.004
Maximum Strain in compressive concrete
εcu.max  0.003 (ACI.10.2.3)
Minimum Strain in Steel
εs.min  0.005 (ACI 10.3.4)
Maximum Tensile Reinforcement ratio
f'c εcu.max
ρmax  0.85 β1  ρmax  0.017 (ACI.10.3.5)
fy εcu.max  εs.min
Depth of the rectangular compression block
2  Mu
2
a  d  d  a  157.959  mm
ϕ 0.85 f'c b (ACI 10.2)
The maximum depth of the compression zone, cmax
εcu.max
cmax  d cmax  153.75 mm (ACI 10.2.2)
εcu.max  εs.min
The maximum allowable depth of the rectangular compression block, amax
amax  β1 cmax amax  130.687  mm (ACI.10.2.7.1)

Beam  "Singly Reinfocement" if a  amax
"Doubly Reinforcement" otherwise
Beam  "Doubly Reinforcement"
 amax 
Mn1  0.85 f'c b amax  d   Mn1  335.002  kN m
 2 
Mu
= Mn1  Mn2
ϕ
Mu
Mn2   Mn1 Mn2  53.887 kN m
ϕ
 cmax  d' 
f's  min  Es εcu.max fy f's  248.78 MPa (ACI 10.2.2, 10.2.3, 10.2.4)
 cmax 
Mn2 2
A's.req  A's.req  740.108  mm
 
f's  0.85 f'c  ( d  d')
 A's.req 
n  ceil   n2
 Ad 
2
A's.pro  n Ad A's.pro  981.748  mm
A's.pro
ρ'  ρ'  0.007
b d
Mn1 2
As1  As1  2492.278 mm
 amax 
f y  d  
 2 
Mn2 2
As2  As2  431.787  mm
fy ( d  d')
2
As.req  As1  As2 As.req  2924.065 mm
As.req
ρ  ρ  0.02
b d
 As.req 
n  ceil   n6
 Ad 

2
As.pro
ρ  ρ  0.021
b d
f'c d'
f's  fy if ρ  ρ'  β1 0.85  
 600 MPa 
fy d 600  MPa  fy 
 
  0.85 f'c d'  
min 600  MPa 1  β1  f  otherwise
  ( ρ  ρ')  fy d y
f's  154.195  MPa
Compressive reinforcement  "Yielded" if f's = fy
"Not Yielded" otherwise
Compressive reinforcement  "Not Yielded"
 f's 
Section  "Enough Section" if  ρmin  ρ  ρmax  ρ' 
fy
 
Section  "Increase Section"
As1 fy
a  a  130.687  mm
0.85 f'c b
a = β1 c (ACI.10.2.7.1)
a
c  c  153.75 mm
β1

Strain in compressive reinforcement
ε's  0.003   1  
d'
ε's  0.001
 c

f's  min Es ε's fy  f's  248.78 MPa
Strain in tensile reinforcement
 dt  c 
εt    ε εt  0.0056
 c  cu.max
Strength reduction factors
ϕ  0.9 if εt  0.005 (ACI. 9.3.2)
0.65 if εt  0.002
0.65  
εt  0.002  
250 
 otherwise
  3 
ϕ  0.9
2. Moment capacity
ϕMn  ϕ  As.pro fy  A's.pro f's   d    A's.pro f's ( d  d')

a

 

2  
ϕMn  350.879  kN m > Mu  350  kN m

3. Design of T beam
Given Data : Find : As & ϕMn
Width of beam bw  300  mm
Thickness of slab hf  125  mm
Effective depth of beam d  h  90 mm
2
π  db 2
Use rebar db  22 mm Areas Ad  Ad  380.133  mm
4
Span of beam L  4  m
3 m 3.6 m
Spacing of beam S  
2 2
Maximum Moment Mu  310  kN m

Solution Reference
1. Define ρ
Effective flange width of beam
 L
be  min  S bw  16 hf   (ACI.10.2.7.3)
 4
be  1000 mm
β1  0.85 if f'c  28 MPa (ACI.10.2.7.3)
  f'c  28 MPa 

0.85  0.05   if 28 MPa  f'c  55 MPa
  7 MPa 
0.65 otherwise
β1  0.85
Minimum tesion reinforcement ratio
 f'c 
  MPa 
 MPa 1.4 MPa 
ρmin  max 0.25  (ACI.10.5)
 fy fy 
 
ρmin  0.004
Balanced tension reinforcement ratio
f'c
ρb  β1 0.85  
 600 MPa 
fy 600  MPa  fy 
 
ρb  0.028
Maximum tension reinforcement ratio
ρmax  0.75 ρb ρmax  0.021 (ACI.10.3.5)

Checking for rectangular beam
Assume ϕ  0.9
a = hf
 hf 
ϕMnf  ϕ 0.85 f'c be hf   d   ϕMnf  830.742  kN m
 2
Beam  "Rectangular Calculation" if ϕMnf  Mu
"T beam Calculation" otherwise
Beam  "Rectangular Calculation" a  hf
Total tension reinforcement ratio
Mu kN
Rn  Rn  2049.045
2 2
ϕ be d m
f'c  2  Rn 
ρ  0.85 1  1  ρ  0.006
fy  0.85 f'c

Section  "Enough Section" if ρmin  ρ  ρmax

Section  "Enough Section"

As.req  max ρ be d ρmin be d  As.req  2269.393 mm
2
 As.req 
n  ceil   n6
 Ad 
2
The depth of equivalent compression rectangular stress block
As.pro fy
a 
0.85 f'c be

a = β1 c (ACI.10.2.7.1)
a
c  c  49.246 mm
β1
Beam  " REC Beam" if c  hf  a  hf
"T Beam" otherwise
Beam  " REC Beam"
Strain in compressive concrete
εcu  0.003
Strain in tensile reinforcement
 dt  c 
εt    ε εt  0.024
 c  cu
Strength reduction factors
ϕ  0.9 if εt  0.005 (ACI. 9.3.2)
0.65 if εt  0.002
0.65  
εt  0.002  
250 
 otherwise
  3 
2. Moment capacity
 a
ϕMn  ϕ As.pro fy  d  
 2
ϕMn  311.474  kN m > Mu  310  kN m

4. Design of Vertical Stirrup

Given Data : Find : Spacing S
Yeild strength of reinforcement for shear forces fyt  390  MPa
Width of beam bw  300  mm
Effective depth of beam d  h  90 mm
Number leg of Strirrup n  2
Strirrup Diameter dv  10 mm
Solution Reference
Maximum Shear forces for simple beam Vu  380 kN
Modification factor
λ  λ1 (ACI.8.6.1)
Shear strength of concrete
ϕ  0.75 (ACI.9.3.2.3)
f'c
Vc  0.17 λ  MPa bw d Vc  155.55 kN (ACI.11.2.1.1)
MPa
ϕVc  ϕ Vc ϕVc  116.663  kN
f'c
Vs.max  0.66  MPa bw d Vs.max  603.9  kN (ACI.11.4.7.9)
MPa

Vs  ϕVs.max Enlarge the Section (ACI.11.4.7.9)
Av fyt d
Vs = (ACI.11.4.7.2)
S
Vu  ϕVc  ϕVs (ACI.11.1.1)
Vu
Vs   Vc Vs  351.117  kN
ϕ
ϕVc
Calculate Shear Reinforcement  "No Need Shear Reinforcement" if Vu  (ACI.11.4.6.1)
2
"Shear Reinforcement is Required" otherwise
Calculate Shear Reinforcement  "Shear Reinforcement is Required"
Number leg of Strirrup n2
Strirrup Diameter dv  10 mm

2
π  dv
Area of Strirrup Av  n
4
Minimum Shear reinforcement

(ACI.11.4.6.3)
 Av fyt Av fyt 
Smax  min   
0.35 bw MPa
 0.062  f'c MPa bw 
Smax  583.439  mm
ϕVc
S 
d 
min  600  mm if  Vu
2 2
ϕVc
min  Smax  600 mm if
d
 Vu  ϕVc
 2  2
if Vu  ϕVc
 Av fyt d d 
min  Smax  600 mm if Vs  0.33 f'c MPabw d (ACI.11.4.5.1)
2
 Vs 
 Av fyt d d 
min  Smax  300 mm if 0.33 f'c MPabw d  Vs  Vs.max (ACI.11.4.5.3)
4
 Vs 
"Enlarge The Section" otherwise
S  106.43 mm
Chhun Deulish S  Floor ( S 10 mm)  100  mm Page28 /28

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Design of Beam using

1. Rectangular Beam Design in Singly Reinforcement

Beam Section: 600x300 with two layer tension reinforcement

Effective depth of beam: h – 90

Factor Moment Mu = 135 kN*m

o Concrete Compressive Strength : f'c = 25 MPa

o Rebar Yield Strength (Main bar) : fy = 390 MPa

o Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : Es = 200000 MPa

Chhun Deulish Page 1/28

2. Calculate Area of Steel

Chhun Deulish Page 2/28

Chhun Deulish Page 3/28

2. Rectangular Beam Design in Doubly Reinforcement

Beam Section: 500x350

Two layer tension reinforcement (90mm)

Two layer compression reinforcement (90mm)

Effective depth of beam: h – 90

Factor Moment Mu = 400 kN*m

o Concrete Compressive Strength : f'c = 25 MPa

o Rebar Yield Strength (Main bar) : fy = 390 MPa

o Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : Es = 200000 MPa

Chhun Deulish Page 4/28

2. Calculate Area of Steel

Chhun Deulish Page 5/28

Chhun Deulish Page 6/28

Chhun Deulish Page 7/28

3. Design of T Beam Section

Beam Section: bw : 300mm, hf : 125mm, h : 500mm and bef : 1000mm

Two layer tension reinforcement (90mm)

Effective depth of beam: h – 90

Factor Moment Mu = 310 kN*m

o Concrete Compressive Strength : f'c = 25 MPa

o Rebar Yield Strength (Main bar) : fy = 390 MPa

o Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : Es = 200000 MPa

Chhun Deulish Page 8/28

2. Calculate Area of Steel

Chhun Deulish Page 9/28

Chhun Deulish Page 10/28

4. Design of Vertical Stirrup

Beam Section: bw : 300mm, h : 700mm

Two layer tension reinforcement (90mm)

Effective depth of beam: h – 90

Number of Stirrup legs : 2

Factor Shear Vu = 380 kN

o Concrete Compressive Strength : f'c = 25 MPa

o Rebar Yield Strength (Stirrup) : fy = 390 MPa

o Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : Es = 200000 MPa

Chhun Deulish Page 11/28

Chhun Deulish Page 12/28

Chhun Deulish Page 13/28

Given Data : Find : As&ϕMn

Compressive strength of concrete f'c  25 MPa

Yeild strength of reinforcement fy  390  MPa

Width of beam b  300  mm

Height of beam h  600  mm

Effective depth of beam d  ( h  90 mm)

Distance from extreme compression to extreme tension steel dt  h  60 mm

Maximum Moment for simple beam Mu  135 kN m

Equivalent depth factor