Mathematics in Our World

1
MATHEMATICS in our
WORLD
A. Patterns and Numbers in Nature
and the World
2
◻ PATTERN is defined as the regular or repeated way in

which something happens or is done.
Objectives:
To cite examples of some applications of mathematics
in our everyday lives.
To define the meanings of the different mathematical
patterns applied to our daily lives.
To prove that mathematics has importance not only in
science but in our surroundings as well.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Video watching
3
Nature by Numbers by Cristobal Vila
Nature by Numbers - Cristóbal Vila

(2010).mp4
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
A. Patterns and Numbers in Nature
and the World
4
We live in a universe of patterns!

1. The snowflake
2. The honeycomb
3. The sunflower
4. The snail’s shell
5. Flower’s petals
6. Weather
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
The Snowflakes
5
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
The Honeycomb
6
Why do the cells of a honeycomb have a

hexagon al form?
The shape turns out to be economical: much
honey is enclosed by minimum beeswax.
VIDEO: click here JOSEPH G. TABAN,

Petals of flowers
7
FLOWERS NUMBER OF
PETALS
Lilies 3
Buttercups 5
Delphiniums 8
Marigolds 13
Asters 21
Daisies 34, 55, 89
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
The Sunflower
8
Seed patterns of
sunflower
All the sunflowers in the world show a number

of spirals that are within the Fibonacci
sequence JOSEPH G. TABAN,
The Snail
9
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Cycle of Seasons
10
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
B. The Fibonacci Sequence
11
Think of this!
At the beginning of a month, you are given a pair of newborn
rabbits. After a month the rabbits have produced no offspring;
however, every month thereafter, the pair of rabbits produces
another pair of rabbits. The offspring reproduce in exactly the same
manner. If none of the rabbits dies, how many pairs of rabbits will
there be at the start of each succeeding month?
At the start of 4th month, how many pairs of rabbits will there
be?
How about at the start of the 5th and 6th months?
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
UNP
Solution:
12
13
◻ Fibonacci discovered that the number of

pairs of rabbits for any month after the
first two months can be determined by
adding the numbers of pairs of rabbits in
each of the two previous months. For
instance, the number of pairs of rabbits at
the start of the sixth month is 3 + 5 = 8.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
14
◻ A recursive definition for a sequence is one in

which each successive term of the sequence is
defined by using some of the preceding terms. If
we use the mathematical notation Fn to represent
the nth Fibonacci number, then the numbers in the
Fibonacci sequence are given by the following
recursive definition.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Binet’s Formula
15
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Exercise 1
16
◻ Use the definition of Fibonacci numbers

to find the eleventh and twelfth Fibonacci
numbers.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Exercise 2
17
◻ Use Binet’s formula and a calculator to

find the 20th, 30th, and 40th Fibonacci
numbers.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Exercise 3
18
◻ A fib is a poem where the number of syllables per

line follow the Fibonacci Sequence. Invented by
Greg Pincus, it caught on so well that the New
York Times actually wrote an article about it,
which naturally spawned many more fibs, Here are
two examples. Oh
I great
Think One more
These might Metrical
be kind of Syllable-counting
fun- let’s give them a Challenge. Haiku and Tanka rules
Try. Do we have any takers? Are all I want. Picture me counting on my
----- A. E. Stallings fingers.
----- Maryann Corbett
19
FIBONACCI
IN
NATURE
Fibonacci in Sunflower
20
The seeds on a sunflower are arranged in spirals

that curve both clockwise and counterclockwise from
the center of the sunflower’s head to its outer edge. In
many sunflowers, the number of clockwise spirals
and the number of counterclockwise spirals are
consecutive Fibonacci numbers. The number of
clockwise spirals is 34 and the number of
counterclockwise spirals is 55.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Fibonacci in Pineapple
21
Pineapples have spirals formed by their

hexagonal nubs. The nubs on many pineapples
form 8 spirals that rotate diagonally upward to
the left and 13 spirals that rotate diagonally
upward to the right. The numbers 8 and 13 are
consecutive Fibonacci numbers.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Fibonacci in Pinecone
22
The number of spirals going from the center of the

cone (where it attached to the tree) to the outside
edge. Count the spirals in both directions. The
resulting numbers are usually two consecutive
Fibonacci numbers.
Fibonacci in Plants
23
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Fibonacci in Fruits
24
Inside the fruit of many plants we can observe the

presence of Fibonacci order.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Fibonacci in Animals
25
The shell of the chambered Nautilus

has Golden proportions. It is a
logarithmic spiral.
The eyes, fins and tail of the

dolphin fall at golden sections
along the body.
A starfish has 5 arms.

JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Fibonacci numbers are studied as
26
part of number theory.
For example:
1. Did you know that the ratios of Fibonacci
numbers converge to a particular number?
2. Did you know that any four consecutive Fibonacci
numbers can be combined to form a Pythagorean
triple?
3. Did you know that the greatest common divisor of
two Fibonacci numbers is another Fibonacci
number?
THE GOLDEN RATIO
27
◻ In Mathematics and the arts, two quantities are in a

golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of
their sum to the larger of the two quantities.
a+b
28
◻ Fibonacci appear in many places, the golden ratio

does too.
◻ In art, architecture, music, and nature.
◻ Many buildings and artworks follow the Golden
ratio. Leonardo da Vinci has incorporated
geometry in many of his paintings, with the ratio
just being one of his many mathematical tools.
Wave
29
◻ is a disturbance of a field in which a physical

attribute oscillates repeatedly at each point or
propagates from each point to neighbouring
points, or seems to move through space. It is a
represent of the golden ratio.
seahorse
30
◻ The Seahorse glyph has the Fibonacci spiral on

its side, the spiral itself is contained inside a
visual representation of the golden ratio. The
tail is also a Fibonacci spiral.
rose
31
◻ Is a woody perennial flowering plant of the

genus Rosa, in the family Rosacea, or the
flower it bears. The number of petals
consistently follows the Fibonacci sequence
and it has 13 – 21 petals.
C. Mathematics Helps Organize Patterns
and Regularities in the World
32
◻ Patterns have underlying mathematical

structures
◻ Every living or nonliving thing in the
world may seem to follow a certain
pattern on their own.
◻ The mystery of Fibonacci sequence and
the golden ratio as common patterns in
nature.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
D. Mathematics Helps Predict the
Behavior of Nature and the World
33
◻ Mathematics help predict the location, size and

timing of natural disasters
◻ Made possible by the study of fractals.
A fractal is a mathematical formula of a pattern

that repeats over a wide range of size and time scales.
These patterns are hidden within more complex
systems.
❑ Benoit Mandelbrot is the father of fractals, who
described how he has been using fractals to find
order within the complex systems in nature, such as
the shape of coastlines.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
E. Mathematics Helps Control Nature and
Occurrences in the World for our Own
Ends
34
◻ Fractal Geometry has been

applied in different fields of
knowledge such as in
engineering, computer graphics,
medicine, etc.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
F. Mathematics Has Numerous
Applications
35 in the World Making it Indispensable
◻ Mathematics helps you build things
◻ Mathematics is helpful in managing financial
matters
◻ Many more…
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
Activity 1- Understanding Patterns
36
◻ QUIz 1- MMW.pptx
ACTIVITY 2
37
ESSAY – Short Response
GUIDE QUESTIONS
1. What new ideas about mathematics did
you learn?
2. What is it about that have changed your
thoughts about it?
3. What is it most useful about
mathematics for humankind?
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
38
BOND PAPER (8 X 11) SHORT

Encoded
Times New Roman
12
Margin 1 inch each side
Single space
Project
39
◻ Explore patterns in nature and

present them using one of these
forms:
❖ Portfolio with written reports,
❖ Video- presentation
JOSEPH G. TABAN,
REFERENCES
40
❑ Essential Mathematics for the Modern World

by Nocon and Nocon
❑ Nature’s Numbers by Ian Stewart
◻ Video clip: https://vimeo.com/9953368
◻ Mathematical Excursions (Ch. 1) by R.
Aufmann , et al.
41
◻ end
42
◻ .
43
◻ Thanks to the development of new mathematical

theories, these more elusive nature’s patterns are
beginning to reveal their secrets. Already we are
seeing practical impact as well as an intellectual
one. But most important of all, it is giving us a
deeper vision of the universe in which we live in,
and for our own place in it.
JOSEPH G. TABAN,

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1

◻ PATTERN is defined as the regular or repeated way in

Nature by Numbers by Cristobal Vila

Nature by Numbers - Cristóbal Vila

We live in a universe of patterns!

Why do the cells of a honeycomb have a

VIDEO: click here JOSEPH G. TABAN,

All the sunflowers in the world show a number

◻ Fibonacci discovered that the number of

◻ A recursive definition for a sequence is one in

◻ Use the definition of Fibonacci numbers

◻ Use Binet’s formula and a calculator to

◻ A fib is a poem where the number of syllables per

The seeds on a sunflower are arranged in spirals

Pineapples have spirals formed by their

The number of spirals going from the center of the

Inside the fruit of many plants we can observe the

The shell of the chambered Nautilus

The eyes, fins and tail of the

A starfish has 5 arms.

◻ In Mathematics and the arts, two quantities are in a

◻ Fibonacci appear in many places, the golden ratio

◻ is a disturbance of a field in which a physical

◻ The Seahorse glyph has the Fibonacci spiral on

◻ Is a woody perennial flowering plant of the

◻ Patterns have underlying mathematical

◻ Mathematics help predict the location, size and

A fractal is a mathematical formula of a pattern

◻ Fractal Geometry has been

BOND PAPER (8 X 11) SHORT

◻ Explore patterns in nature and

❑ Essential Mathematics for the Modern World

◻ Thanks to the development of new mathematical

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