How Is The Balance of Power Maintained

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How Is The Balance of Power Maintained?

Just as there is no single, agreed-upon definition of the theory, there is no one,


agreed-upon method for balancing power. At best, there is a collection of strategies
states can employ to ensure they don’t become vulnerable and another collection of
strategies the international community can employ to maintain equilibrium between
the world’s many nations and interests. A few of these strategies include:

 Preservation of National Sovereignty


After World War II, many policy experts recognized the extreme danger of permitting
one state to invade and control another state. Those who believe in the balance of
power theory believe nations should never violate other nation’s sovereignty,
although nations can divide into smaller nations, if that is the will of its people.
 Contained Conflicts
When conflicts do erupt, power is best balanced by containing/stopping that conflict
and ensuring it doesn’t spread. This was one of the driving rationales behind the
UN’s involvement in the Korean War, the United States’s involvement in Vietnam,
and the more recent international involvements in Libya and Syria.
 Limited Retaliation
Nations who are attacked by other nations should retaliate only to the extent
necessary to preserve their own sovereignty and safety. To preserve the balance of
power, the retaliating nation should not seize land or resources.
 Strong Military Alliances
Because some large nations desire all the power, nations must form military
alliances to prevent international aggression. In particular, stronger nations need to
ally with weaker nations to keep those nations from becoming a target of other
strong nations. If an aggressive nation cannot easily expand by taking over weaker
nations, it can be more easily kept in check.
 Robust Trade
Studies have shown that nations that trade together are less prone to engaging in
the kinds of disputes that lead to military conflict. 3 This is most likely because trade
interlinks economies, making conflict between trading partners costly for both
parties. As such, mutually beneficial trade agreements can be a useful tool in
preserving the balance of power.
 Transparency
Diplomacy is perhaps the most vital tool in avoiding conflict and keeping world
powers balanced. While a lot goes into diplomacy, one increasingly important factor
is transparency. In a high-tech world, information travels quickly and secrets are
difficult to keep. To avoid misunderstandings, nations—and international
corporations, which often influence the balance of power—must remain as
transparent as possible about their actions and objectives.

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