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Lesson 8: Data Manipulation Language (DML)

This document discusses data manipulation language (DML) commands in SQL. It covers the INSERT statement which adds new rows to a table, either with explicit values or by copying rows from another table. It also covers the UPDATE statement which modifies existing rows in a table, allowing updates to multiple columns at once or using values from a subquery. Both statements are demonstrated with syntax examples for inserting and updating data in database tables.

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Tayyab Murad
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49 views

Lesson 8: Data Manipulation Language (DML)

This document discusses data manipulation language (DML) commands in SQL. It covers the INSERT statement which adds new rows to a table, either with explicit values or by copying rows from another table. It also covers the UPDATE statement which modifies existing rows in a table, allowing updates to multiple columns at once or using values from a subquery. Both statements are demonstrated with syntax examples for inserting and updating data in database tables.

Uploaded by

Tayyab Murad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 8

Data
Manipulation
Language
(DML)
DBT BSSE-A-F12
DBT BSSE-A-F12
DBT BSSE-A-F12
INSERTION:

 INSERT statement add new rows to the table.


 Only one row is inserted in a row.

SYNTAX:

INSERT INTO table [(column, coulmn,…)] VALUES


(values,values,….);

Example:

INSERT INTO emp (empno,ename,sal,deptno,hiredate)


VALUES (105,’ADNAN’,4000,20,’22-JUN-03’);

DBT BSSE-A-F12
DBT BSSE-A-F12
INSERTING NULL VALUES:

1) IMPLICIT METHOD:
Omit the column from the column list

Example:
 INSERT INTO dept (deptno,dname) VALUES (50,’IT’);
 INSERT INTO dept VALUES (50,’IT’);

2) EXPLICIT METHOD:
Specify the NULL keyword or the empty string ‘’in the values
list.

Example:
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (50,’IT’, NULL);
DBT BSSE-A-F12
INSERTING DATES:

1) INSERT INTO emp (empno,ename,deptno,hiredate)


VALUES (105,’KAMRAN’,30,SYSDATE);

2) INSERT INTO emp (empno,ename,deptno,hiredate)


VALUES (105,’KAMRAN’,30,’09-OCT-03’);

3) INSERT INTO emp (empno,ename,deptno,hiredate)


VALUES (105,’KAMRAN’,30,to_date(‘OCT 09, 2003’,’MON
dd,yyyy’));

DBT BSSE-A-F12
INSERTING VALUES BY SUBSTITUTION VARIABLES:

1) INSERT INTO emp (empno,&col,deptno,hiredate)


VALUES (105,’&value’,30,’09-OCT-03’);

2) ACCEPT col PROMPT ‘Enter column name? ‘


ACCEPT val PROMPT ‘Enter value for column? ‘
INSERT INTO emp (empno,&col,deptno,hiredate)
VALUES (105,’&val’,30,’09-OCT-03’);

DBT BSSE-A-F12
COPYINGS ROW FROM ANOTHER TABLE:

 Write your INSERT statement with a subquery.


 Do not use the VALUES clause.
 Match the number of columns in the INSERT clause to
those in the subquery.

Example:

INSERT INTO employee(id, name, salary)


SELECT empno, ename, sal FROM emp WHERE job =‘CLERK’;

DBT BSSE-A-F12
UPDATION:

Modify existing rows with the UPDATE statement.


More than one rows can be modified.
Specify row or rows are modified when you specify the WHERE
clause.
All the rows in the table are modified if you omit the WHERE clause.

SYNTAX:

UPDATE table SET column = value [, column = value, ….]


[WHERE condition];

EXAMPLE:

UPDATE emp SET sal = 7000 WHERE empno = 103;


UPDATE emp SET ename = ‘ZAHID’, sal = 7000 WHERE empno =103;

DBT BSSE-A-F12
DBT BSSE-A-F12
UPDATING WITH MULTIPLE COLUMN SUBQUERY:

EXAMPLE:

UPDATE emp
SET (ename,sal) = (SELECT ename,sal FROM
emp where empno = 103)
WHERE empno = 2241;

DBT BSSE-A-F12
DBT BSSE-A-F12
DBT BSSE-A-F12

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