PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

(University of the City of Manila)

General Luna St., cor. Muralla St.
Intramuros, Manila, Philippines

OFFICE OF THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

Tel: 643-2563
[email protected]

Module 1
National Service Training Program (NSTP) and the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila
(PLM): An Introduction

Objectives

At the end of this module, students are expected to:

1. Know the laws and other events that were antecedents of the current NSTP Law;
2. Appreciate the purpose of RA 9163 or the NSTP Act of 2001;
3. Understand the important provisions of the NSTP Law;
4. Learn and appreciate the history of PLM on how it became as is today;
5. Value the University’s Vision-Mission and Objectives;

Content

I. Development of the NSTP in Schools in the Philippines

A. The Commonwealth Act No. 1 or the National Defense Act
▪ Passed by the Philippine National Assembly on December 21, 1935
▪ One of the National Defense Policy of the Philippines is that, “The preservation of the State is
the obligation of every citizen. The security of the Philippines and the freedom, independence,
and perpetual neutrality of the Philippine Republic shall be guaranteed by the employment of
all citizens, without distinction of age or sex, and all resources.”
▪ Section 51. All Filipinos are liable to military service.
▪ ARTICLE VII - PREPARATORY MILITARY TRAINING
▪ The purposes of the Preparatory Military Training (PMT) are:
1. To develop the national spirit;
2. to make the youth physically strong;
3. to make the youth morally confident,
4. to prepare the youth for military service.
▪ Sec. 82. Preparatory military training is compulsory upon the youth attending school and upon
others when they shall become eighteen years of age.
B. Executive Order No. 59 s., 1967
▪ REQUIRING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ROTC UNITS IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES.
▪ Issued on February 8, 1967 by Pres. Marcos
▪ All colleges and universities having an enrollment of at least two hundred fifty male students,
shall include a course of military instruction commonly known as ROTC Course as a compulsory
portion of their respective curricula for all physically fit male citizens of the Philippines of
undergraduate status, and shall faithfully conduct the course in accordance with the policies
and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense: Provided, that regulations
prescribing duties for the school authorities in connection with the enrollment, administration
and school discipline of students subject to the ROTC course, shall be as prescribed jointly by
 the Secretary of National Defense, Secretary of Education and the President of the State College
or University concerned, and approved by the President of the Philippines.

C. PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1706 August 8, 1980

▪ The National Service Law
▪ to serve the urgent needs of a developing country such as the Philippines, at present and in
the foreseeable future, it is equally vital to enhance respect for the law and lawfully constituted
authorities and provide for, promote and develop civic consciousness and participation as it is
to insure national defense preparedness
▪ the citizens of our country, particularly its youth, as the most valuable resource of our nation,
need to be motivated, trained, developed, organized, mobilized and utilized in regard to their
responsibilities as citizens particularly their commitment to civic welfare, their respect for the
law and lawfully constituted authorities and the fulfillment of their military or civil obligations
▪ Section 2. National service shall be obligatory for all citizens of the Philippines. As used in this
decree, "National service" shall consist of three main programs namely: civic welfare service,
law enforcement service; and military service.

D. REPUBLIC ACT No. 7077 - Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act
▪ Signed into law by Pres. Corazon Aquino on June 27, 1991
▪ Section 38. Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC). – Military training for students enrolled in
colleges, universities and similar institutions of learning is mandatory pursuant to the provisions
of the National Defense Act and the 1987 Constitution.
▪ Section 39. Establishment of ROTC Units in Schools. – At such colleges, universities and similar
institutions of learning that request for the conduct of military training in their institutions, there
shall be established and maintained Reserve Officers" Training Corps units as the Secretary of
National Defense may approve, which shall conduct military training for the students of such
institutions for the purpose of producing enlisted and officer reservists. The program of
instruction shall be prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense and may include instruction
to prepare female students for military service: provided, that, such course of instruction shall
not exceed two (2) academic years in the case of enlisted reservists, and four (4) academic
years in the case of officer reservists which shall include as necessary summer or probationary
training of not more than sixty (60) consecutive days, The first two (2) years ROTC training,
which is mandatory, shall hereafter be referred to as basic ROTC while the second (2) years
after said basic ROTC, which is voluntary, shall hereafter be referred to as advance ROTC. The
allocation of ROTC units to the various majors services of the AFP shall conform to the projected
manpower needs of their respective reserve components.
E. Republic Act 9163 – National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001
▪ Approved by Pres. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on January 23, 2002

II. Introduction to RA 9163 – NSTP Act of 2001

Sec. 1 – Short Title: National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001
Sec. 2 – Declaration of Policy

➢ It is hereby affirmed that the prime duty of the government to serve and protect its citizens.
In turn, it shall be the responsibility of all citizens to defend security of the state and in
fulfillment thereof, the government may require each citizen to render personal, military or civil
service.
 - Article II, Sec. 4 of the Phil. Constitution (Declaration of Principles)
➢ Recognizing the youth’s vital role in nation building, the state shall promote civic consciousness
among the youth and shall develop their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well
being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement on
public and civic affairs.
- Article II, Sec. 13 of the Phil. Constitution (Declaration of State Policies)
➢ In pursuit of these goals, the youth, the most valuable resource of the nation, shall be
motivated, trained, organized and mobilized in military training, literacy, civic welfare and other
similar endeavors in the service of the nation.

Sec. 3 – Definition of Terms

a. National Service Training Program (NSTP) – a program aimed at enhancing civic consciousness
and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics of services and patriotism
while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components. Its various components
are especially designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to general welfare.
b. Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) – program institutionalized under sections 38 and 39
of RA No. 7077 designed to provide military training to tertiary level students in order to
motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for national defense preparedness.
c. Literacy Training Service (LTS) - program designed to train students to become teachers of
literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of school youth, and other segments of
society in need of their service.
d. Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) – programs or activities contributory to the general
welfare and the betterment of life for the members of the community or the enhancement of
its facilities, especially those developed in improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and the morals of the citizenry.

Sec. 4 – Establishment of the NSTP

➢ There is hereby established NSTP, which shall form part of the curricula of all baccalaureate
degree courses and of at least two (2) year technical – vocational courses and is a requisite
for graduation, consisting of the following components: ROTC, CWTS and LTS (Literacy
Training Service)
➢ Citizenship training shall be given emphasis in all three program components.

Sec. 5 – Coverage
➢ Students, both Male and Female, of any baccalaureate degree course or at least two (2) –
year Technical vocational courses in public and private educational institutions shall be
required to complete one of the NSTP components as requisite for graduation.
Sec. 6 – Duration and Equivalent Course Unit
➢ Each of the aforementioned NSTP program components shall be undertaken for an academic
period of two (2) semesters.
Sec. 7 – NSTP Offering in Higher and Technical – Vocational Educational Institutions
➢ All higher and technical – vocational institutions, public and private, must offer at least one
of the program components: Provided, That State universities and colleges shall offer the
ROTC component and at least one of the other component.
➢ Private Learning institutions may offer the ROTC if they have at least 350 cadet students
Sec. 10 – Management of the NSTP Components
 ➢ The school authorities shall exercise academic and administrative supervision over the design,
formulation, adoption, and implementation of the different NSTP components in their
respective schools
Sec. 11 – Creation of the National Service Reserve Corps
➢ There is hereby created a National Service Reserve Corps, to be composed of the graduates
of the non – ROTC components. Members of this Corps may be tapped by the State for literacy
and civic welfare activities through the joint effort of the DND, CHED, and TESDA.
➢ Graduates of the ROTC component shall form part of the Citizen Armed Forces, pursuant to
RA 7077

III. Other Laws

1. Republic Act 9512 - National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008
- Section 4. Environmental Education and Activities as Part of National Service Training
Program. - The CHED and the TESDA shall include environmental education and awareness
programs and activities in the National Service Training Program under Republic Act No.
9163, as part of the Civic Welfare Training Service component required for all baccalaureate
degree courses and vocational courses with a curriculum of at least two (2) years.
2. Republic Act 10121 - Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010
- Section 14. Integration of Disaster Risk Reduction Education into the School Curricula and
Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Program and Mandatory Training for the Public Sector
Employees. - The DepED, the CHED, the Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority (TESDA), in coordination with the OCD, the National Youth Commission (NYC), the
DOST, the DENR, the DILG-BFP, the DOH, the DSWD and other relevant agencies, shall
integrate disaster risk reduction and management education in the school curricula of
secondary and tertiary level of education, including the National Service Training Program
(NSTP), whether private or public, including formal and nonformal, technical-vocational,
indigenous learning, and out-of-school youth courses and programs.

IV. PLM Background and History

1. A Vision for Social Transformation

PLM's conception started during the administration of Mayor Arsenio H. Lacson, the first elective
mayor of the City of Manila in 1951, when he approved Ordinance No. 4202 on 13 January 1960.
The Municipal Board has allocated P1-Million to establish the University. The Board's committee that
spearheaded and allocated funds for the creation of the city university, in support of Mayor Lacson's
educational program, was chaired by then - Councilor Ernesto M.Maceda.

Mayor Lacson suddenly passed away while in office and before the fulfillment of his dream
university. His then-Vice-Mayor, Antonio Villegas, succeeded him and worked for the realization of
the dream university of his predecessor. On 13 February 1963, Mayor Villegas issued Executive
Order No. 7, s-1963, creating a Planning and Working Committee to draw up a plan to establish the
city university. The committee was chaired by Dr. Benito F. Reyes and the members were Gabriel
Formoso, Leoncio Monzon, Alfredo Morales, Vicente Albano Pacis, Jose S. Roldan, and Carlos Moran
Sison, with Atty. Primitivo de Leon as its secretary.

2. Creation by National Legislation – RA 4196

In 1964, Mayor Villegas co-opted the aid of then-Congressman Justo R. Albert of the 4th congressional
district of the City of Manila to sponsor a bill in the House of Representatives of the Congress of the
Philippines seeking to create the city university. Filed as House Bill No. 8349 in the Lower House, the
Senate version was spearheaded by Senators Gil Puyat and Camilo Osias.

In his explanatory note for H.B. 8349, Congressman Albert stressed that "the establishment of this
university by the City of Manila will spur other cities in the country to exert similar efforts so that the
responsibility of educating our people may be properly located." He articulated that according to a
French philosopher, "next to food, education is the greatest need of the People." He likewise
emphasized that "to permit the continuing control of education in the hands of big corporations is a
tragic renunciation by the Government of a sacred obligation to our people. This bill envisions a partial
relief of education from the grip of profit-motivated corporations and seeks a condition in which
education is solely dedicated to the better instruction of our people."

The consolidation of the two bills was tackled during the Fourth Session of the Fifth Congress which
began and was held in the City of Manila on 25 January 1965. The consolidated bill was thereafter
passed by the joint Congress with the House of Representatives finally passing the same on 12 May
1965 while the Philippine Senate finally passed it on 07 June 1965. The final bill was signed by Senate
President Ferdinand E. Marcos and House Speaker Cornelio T. Villareal with Mr. Regino S. Eustaquio,
Secretary of the Senate, and Mr. Inocencio B. Pareja, Secretary of the House of Representatives.

On 19 June 1965, the final bill entitled "An Act Authorizing the City of Manila to Establish and Operate
the University of the City of Manila and for Other Purposes" was signed into law by President Diosdado
P. Macapacal in a signing ceremony in Malacañang Palace witnessed by Atty. Primitivo de Leon, Mayor
Villegas, Congressman Ramon Mitra Jr., and its main sponsor in the House of Representatives,
Congressman Albert. The law was captioned as Republic Act No. 4196 which now serves as the
University Charter.

3. PLM as a Unique Institution of Higher Learning

The birth of Pamantasan on a June 19 is made even more significant than ever by the fact that it was
made to coincide with the birth of the Philippine national hero, Dr. Jose P. Rizal, who has a great
aptitude for study, thereby earning several degrees and titles during his teen years with flying colors.
Multi-talented as he was, Rizal's concept of the importance of education is clearly enunciated in his
work entitled Instruction. For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the highest
seat of glory and to develop the people’s mentality. Since education is the foundation of society and
a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that only through education could the country be
saved from its sorry status. Rizal’s philosophy of education, therefore, centers on the provision of
proper motivation in order to bolster the great social forces that make education a success, to create
in the youth an innate desire to cultivate his intelligence and give him life eternal.

The University was so named "Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila" from the official English name by
Mayor Villegas in 1967. The Board of Regents, which is the governing body of the University, was
formally formed in the same year as Mayor Villegas appointed its members. The university regents
were sworn into office on 09 January 1967 which eventually conducted its first official board meeting
and the election of its officers on 23 February 1967 at the Maharnilad. The composition of the first
Board of Regents were: Atty. Carlos Moran Sison, chairman; Dr. Benito F. Reyes, vice-chairman; Emilio
Abello, Roman F. Lorenzo, Jose S. Roldan and Primo L. Tongko, members; while Fructuoso R. Yanson
served as an ex-officio member and Jose F. Sugay as its secretary. Dr. Reyes was elected as PLM's
pioneer president, endowed with a herculean task of charting the roots of excellence that was to be
the Pamantasan that is known today.
On February 5, 1970, then Executive Secretary Ernesto M. Maceda, by authority of then President
Ferdinand Marcos, conveyed unto the City of Manila two (2) parcels of land owned by the Republic of
the Philippines. Said real properties consist the area where PLM stands today.

And as solemnly endeared and inscribed by every PLM member to his heart, the University formally
opened the University College on Monday, 17 July 1967 with an initial enrollment of 556 outstanding
and bright scholars carefully selected from the upper 10% of the various public high schools in Manila.
Indeed, excellence has been a "birthright" of PLM. The PLM also established the Graduate College a
year later, followed by the Institute for Extra-Mural Studies.

The Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (PLM) is a pioneer, a leader, and a model institution of higher
learning in the Philippines. The Philippines' Commission on Higher Education has cited PLM as a model
for public institutions across the country. Studies show that PLM is among the top five schools
nationwide in terms of board exam passing rate where it is one among three public universities in the
top ten category.