School of Electrical Engineering

The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad

Proposal Title:
Development Board (89c51)
Submitted To:
Mr. Abdul Wahab Khan
Submitted By:
Sharoon
Registration No:
BEE-FA17-040
Department:
BEE (Electronics) – 5th
Outlines:

 Introduction
 Development Board
 Required components
 Component detail
 Procedure
 Process

Introduction:
In this section you will learn how to make an 89C51 development board. The 89C51
development board is a practice board for beginners. The 89C51 development board is
very important for making hobby, useful, mini and mega projects. Without development
kit you face many problems during learning and making the projects using 89C51
microcontroller. 
Development board 89C51:

Required components:

 AT89c51
 AT89c2051
 MAX232
 Serial Port
 Crystal oscillator
 Diode
 Led
 Capacitor
 Connector
 Resistor
 Regulator (7805)
 9v Battery

Component detail:
 1) AT89C51:
All four ports in the AT89C51 are bidirectional. Each consists of a latch (Special
Function Registers P0 through P3), an output driver, and an input buffer. The
output drivers of Ports 0 and 2, and the input buffers of Port 0, are used in
accesses to external memory. In this application, Port 0 outputs the low byte of the
external memory address, time-multiplexed with the byte being written or read.
Port 2 outputs the high byte of the external memory address when the address is
16 bits wide. Otherwise the Port 2 pins continue to emit the P2 SFR content. All
the Port 3 pins, and two Port 1 pins (in the AT89C52) are multifunctional. The
alternate functions can only be activated if the corresponding bit latch in the port
SFR contains a 1. Otherwise the port pin is stuck at 0. It has less complex feature
than another microprocessor.

2) AT89c2051:
AT89C2051 is low voltage high performance CMOS-8-bit microcontroller with its
flash memory is 2k bytes and it used in PEROM memory., (programmable and
erasable read only memory).AT89C2051 is a chip which is called as powerful
chip, which contains 8-bit versatile CPU with flash memory and monolithic chip.
AT89C2051 is very high flexible and its cost is very effective solution to many
other enabled control applications.
The AT89C2051 provides the following different features: it has2k bytes of flash,
RAM is 128 bytes, and it varies 15 i/o lines, serial port(duplex) port, a precision
along comparator, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.AT89C2051 is designed
with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and support two software
which is selectable saving power mode which steps CPU in idle mode and allows
RAM, timer, serial port and other interrupt system to continue its functioning and
the power down mode is disable all other chips but it freezes oscillator .

3) MAX 232:
The MAX232 is an integrated circuit first created in 1987 by Maxim Integrated
Products that converts signals from a TIA-232 serial port to signals suitable for
use in TTL-compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232 is a dual transmitter /
dual receiver that typically is used to convert the RX, TX, CTS, and RTS signals.

4) Serial Port:
In computing, a serial port is a serial communication interface through which
information transfers in or out sequentially one bit at a time. This is in contrast to
a parallel port which communicates multiple bits simultaneously in parallel.
Throughout most of the history of personal computers, data was transferred
through serial ports to devices such as modems, terminals, and various
peripherals.

5) Crystal Oscillator:
A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses the
mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create
an electrical signal with a precise frequency. This frequency is often used to keep
track of time, as in quartz wrist watches, to provide a stable clock
signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio
transmitters and receivers. The most common type of piezoelectric resonator used
is the quartz crystal, so oscillator circuits incorporating them became known as
crystal oscillators, but other piezoelectric materials including polycrystalline
ceramics are used in similar circuits.

6) Diodes:
A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily
in one direction; it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high
(ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A diode vacuum tube or thermionic
diode is a vacuum tube with two electrodes, a heated cathode and a plate, in
which electrons can flow in only one direction, from cathode to plate.
A semiconductor diode, the most commonly used type today, is a crystalline piece
of semiconductor material with a p–n junction connected to two electrical
terminals. Semiconductor diodes were the first semiconductor electronic devices.

7) Led:
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when
current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron
holes, releasing energy in the form of photons.

8) Capacitor:
The capacitor is a component which has the ability or “capacity” to store energy
in the form of an electrical charge producing a potential difference (Static
Voltage) across its plates, much like a small rechargeable battery.

9) Connector:
An electrical connector is an electromechanical device used to join electrical
terminations and create an electrical circuit. Most electrical connectors have
a gender – i.e. the male component, called a plug, connect to the female
component, or socket. The connection may be removable (as for portable
equipment), require a tool for assembly and removal, or serve as a permanent
electrical joint between two points. An adapter can be used to join dissimilar
connectors.

10) Resistors:
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements
electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used
to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active
elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses.

11) Regulator (7805):

For 7805 IC, it is +5V DC regulated power supply. This regulator IC also adds a
provision for a heat sink. The input voltage to this voltage regulator can be up to
 35V, and this IC can give a constant 5V for any value of input less than or equal

to 35V which is the threshold limit.

12) 9v Battery:
Inside an alkaline or carbon-zinc 9-volt battery there are six cylindrical or flat
cells connected in series. Rechargeable nickel–cadmium (NiCad) and nickel–
metal hydride (NiMH) batteries of nominal 9V rating have between six and eight
1.2-volt cells.

Procedure:

First of all, Take a PCB sheet and print circuit on paper.

Clear the printed side of PCB with scotch bright for good printing.

Press the paper on PCB sheet using Iron for few minutes.

After pressing, remove the paper and required circuit transfer to the copper side of PCB
sheet.

After that, put PCB sheet in Fecl3 for few seconds for the removal of extra copper.

Now, use drill for drilling the PCB sheet to place components onto.

Finally, soldering the components for proper adjustment of it and make sure its
operation.
Process:

 Designing
 Schematic capture
 PCB layout
 3D view

 Printing (layout)
 Bottom view
 Top view

 Drilling

 Soldering

Designing:
a. Schematic capture:
First of all, connect the circuit on proteous on schematic capture as shown in
figure below. In this we pick one by one all the components and place them. Then
connect each other according to configuration of development board.

b. PCB layout:
Then open the PCB layout and place all the components on the right place where
they were. They were automatically connected to each other but you should have
to design their rule manager and auto route them.
 c. 3D view:
Open the 3d view and take the Screenshot.

Printing (Layout):

a. top view:
 b. bottom View:

Drilling:
Soldering: