FINAL EXAMINATIONS

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT

1. According to Erikson, what years are critical for the development of self-confidence?
a. High school years
b. Elementary School years
c. preschool years
d. college years
2. At the high school level, Kohlberg's advice to teachers is for them to begin discussing
with students about abstract principles such as justice and human rights. On the average, in
which moral development stage are high school students supposed to be?
a. Post-conventional
b. Conventional
c. in between conventional and post conventional
d. that depends on the school culture
3. Which is the ideal stage of moral development?
a. social contract
b. universal ethical principle
c. law and order
d. good boy/good girl
4. Based on Freud's theory, which operate/s when a student strikes a classmate at the
height of anger?
a. ego
b. superego
c. id
d. if and ego interact
5. "Do not cheat. Cheating does not pay. If you do, you cheat yourself" says the voice within
you. In the context of Freud's theory, which is/are at work?
a. id
b. superego
c. ego
d. id and ego interact
6. You will understand when a pre-school boy asserts that two rows of five coins similarly
spaced have equal amounts; but when one row is spread out so that it is longer than the
other, he says it has more coins. Based on Piaget's theory, which ability does he lack?
a. multiple classification
b. perspective taking
c. reversibility
d. conservation
7. When asked about her order, a little girl tells the waiter "yong kagaya kahapon." With
Piaget's theory in mind, what is the little girl's behavior called?
a. Pre-conventioanl egocentrism
b. Conservation
c. Reversibility
d. transductive reasoning
8. In the context of Piaget's theory, answer this analogy"
Preoperational stage: transductive reasoning Concrete operational stage:
a. proportional reasoning
b. deductive reasoning
c. inductive reasoning
d. logical reasoning
9. Which is essential in the cognitive development of an individual according to Vygostky?
a. independent thinking
b. social interaction
c. individual mental work
d. scientific thinking
10. Teacher Myra asked her students to describe how their families celebrate holidays.
Students can discover that people celebrate holidays differently. Which principle in
cognitive development governs Teacher Myra's teaching activity?
a. Social interaction is essential for cognitive development
b. children often think in different ways at different ages
c. Cognitive development involves relating new information to prior knowledge
d. children actively construct their knowledge
11. The role of play in preschool and early childhood years is that it
a. develops competitive spirit
b. separates reality from fantasy
c. develops upper and lower limbs
d. increases imagination due to expanding knowledge and emotional range
12. In a social studies class, Teacher P presents a morally ambiguous situation and asks
the students what they would do. On whose theory is Teacher P's technique based?
a. Bruner
b. Piaget
c. Kohlberg
d. Bandura
13. If you have to develop in the students a correct sense of right and wrong, with which
should you be concerned according to Freud?
a. Superego
b. ego
c. id
d. superego and ego
14. In which order do the 3 important goals during childhood be trained according to
Erikson?
a. Autonomy, Initiative, Trust
b. Trust, Autonomy, Initiative
c. Initiative, Trust, Autonomy
d. Autonomy, Trust, Initiative
15. Which violates this brain-based principle of teaching- learning: "Each child's brain is
unique and vastly different from one another."
a. Giving ample opportunity for a pupil to explore even if the class creates noise.
b. Making a left-handed pupil write with his right hand as this is better.
c. Allowing open dialogue among students.
d. Employing MI teaching approaches
16. Piagetian task states that thinking becomes more logical and abstract as children reach
the formal operations stage. What is an educational implication of this finding?
a. Expect hypothetical reasoning from learners between 12 to 15 years of age.
b. Engage children in analogical reasoning as early as preschool to train them for HOTS.
c. Learners who are not capable of logical reasoning from ages 8 to 11 lag behind their
cognitive development.
d. Let children be children.
17. Vygotsky claimed that social interaction is important for learning. What does this
imply?
a. Since they are not capable of interaction, children in the crib has no learning yet.
b. Children learn well by passive presentation of information.
c. Children learn from adults and other children.
d. Children are independent problem solvers.
18. In what developmental stage is the preschool child?
a. infancy
b. babyhood
c. early childhood
d. late childhood
19. Which characteristic behavior of a Grade IV pupil makes you conclude that he is behind
in his development in comparison with the average Grade IV pupil?
a. Has not learned to get along with his agemates
b. has no achieved emotional independence from parents
c. has not achieved a feminine and masculine social role
d. has not achieved socially responsible behavior
20. Which holds true of adolescence?
a. spurt in physical growth and hormonal changes
b. lack of idealism
c. dependence
d. defiance of peer group norm
21. To work for value internalization, which level of morality should we help young people
attain?
a. post-conventional morality
b. pre-conventional morality
c. conventional morality
d. between conventional and post-conventional morality
22. Of the five-different level of environment in Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, which
is closest to the learner and the most influential?
a. microsystem
b. mesosystem
c. macrosystem
d. exosystem
23. Which theory is illustrated here? A father gives his son a toy every time the boy cleans
his room. After some time, the boy cleaned his room regularly in anticipation of a toy.
a. Pavlovian conditioning
b. classical conditioning
c. operant conditioning
d. associative conditioning
24. According to Erikson, which conflict involves reaching out beyond one's own
immediate concerns to embrace the welfare of the society and the condition in which
individual is preoccupied with their material possessions?
a. Integrity vs. Despair
b. Industry vs. Inferiority
c. Intimacy vs. Isolation
d. Generativity vs. Stagnation
25. If a Grade 1 pupil is asked why he does certain things and the child replies that it is
because a parent told him to do so, Kohlberg claims that the child is already in the
______level of moral development.
a. conventional
b. post-conventional
c. between pre-conventional and conventional
d. pre-conventional