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W1 - System

This document provides an introduction to system administration. It discusses what system administration entails, including managing computers, hardware, software, networks, users, and other system components. It outlines the duties of system administrators, such as applying updates, installing/configuring hardware/software, managing user accounts, ensuring security and performance, and troubleshooting issues. It also discusses the roles of different types of administrators and the operating systems commonly used for administration, including Windows, Unix, and Linux.

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charimaine hernandez
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33 views18 pages

W1 - System

This document provides an introduction to system administration. It discusses what system administration entails, including managing computers, hardware, software, networks, users, and other system components. It outlines the duties of system administrators, such as applying updates, installing/configuring hardware/software, managing user accounts, ensuring security and performance, and troubleshooting issues. It also discusses the roles of different types of administrators and the operating systems commonly used for administration, including Windows, Unix, and Linux.

Uploaded by

charimaine hernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

System Administration
System Administration

 System Administration
 Duties of System Administrator
 Duties of a Datacenter Engineer
 Types of Administrators/Users
 Operating Systems Supporting
Administration
 Windows

 Unix

 Linux (Unix-Like Systems)


System Administration
 What is System Administration?
 Management of the System
 System Comprise of
 Computers (Servers / Workstations)
 Hardware (CPU , Memory, Storage etc)
 Software
 Operating System
 Application Software (Business Software ERP, Office Automation, Mail
Services etc)
 Management Software (Database / Web / Email etc)
 Networks
 Users
 Any thing else?
 What do you understand by Management?
System Administration

 The subject matter of systems administration includes


computer systems and the ways people use them in an
organization. This entails a knowledge of operating
systems and applications, as well as hardware and
software troubleshooting, but also knowledge of the
purposes for which people in the organization use the
computers.
Duties of a System
Administrator
A system administrator's responsibilities
might include:
 Applying operating system updates,
patches, and configuration changes.
 Installing and configuring new hardware
and software.
 Adding, removing, or updating user
account information, resetting passwords,
etc.
 System performance tuning.
Duties of a System
Administrator
 Responsibility for documenting the
configuration of the system.
 Responsibility for security.
 Performing routine audits of systems and
software.
 Performing backups.
 Analyzing system logs and identifying
potential issues with computer systems.
 Troubleshooting any reported problems.
Duties of a System
Administrator
 Introducing and integrating new technologies into
existing data center environments.
 Answering technical queries.
 Insuring that the network infrastructure is up and
running
.
System Architecture
Planning/Deployment
Domain Model Design
Active Directory Design
Site Planning/
Dependently
. and more

User Support
OS Maintenance User Account
OS and Network Management
Monitoring Group Policies
Performance Tuning Management
Script Development Security/logon
Troubleshooting Environment
. . . and more Education and Support
. . . and more

Hardware and Devices


Server and Client Systems
Device Driver Support
File/Printer/Application
Servers
Physical Network
. . . and me
System Administration
of
Datacenters
Duties of a Datacenter Engineer
 Install, Builds, upgrades, configures, provisions and installs servers from scratch
spanning several different platforms and maintain servers as our customers grow.
 Performs basic monitoring, troubleshooting and repair of all aspects of servers,
operating systems and hardware.
 Responds to customer impacting events. Upgrades and downgrades servers.
Removes hardware from server environments.
 Monitors all Electrical, Mechanical and Emergency Generator systems and reports
issues as appropriate as long as the Facility technician is away.
 Performs routine maintenance activities on customer server environments.
 Assists in the planning of server environments.
 Participate in analyzing and summarizing Data Center technology and critical
services engineering agreements.
 Collaborate with other teams to ensure technology solutions and business needs
align
Duties of a Datacenter Engineer
 Contribute to web site design and maintenance for Vendor Management team
 Support internal and external team communication plans, for instance
coordinating status reporting across the team, planning team building activities,
etc.
 Notify critical events to customers, MD's, service owners, Call Center, and (NOC)
Network Operation center.
 Respond, action and resolve requests / faults logged both internally and
externally, and escalation of problems and issues to the Operations Team.
 Report broken servers.
 Active monitoring of all servers.
 Work with Customer Operation Engineers in configuring customer requirements.
 Work closely with 3rd party service providers.
Types of
Administrators/Users
In a larger company, following may all be
separate positions within a computer support or
Information Services (IS) department. In a smaller
group they may be shared by a few System
Administrators, or even a single person.

 Database Administrator
 Network Administrator
 Security Administrator
 Web Administrator
 Technical support
 computer operator
Types of
Administrators/Users
 A database administrator (DBA) maintains a
database system, and is responsible for the
integrity of the data and the efficiency and
performance of the system.
 A network administrator maintains network
infrastructure such as switches and routers, and
diagnoses problems with these or with the
behavior of network-attached computers.
 A security administrator is a specialist in
computer and network security, including the
administration of security devices such as
firewalls, as well as consulting on general
security measures.
Types of
Administrators/Users
 A web administrator maintains web server services (such as IIS or Apache)
that allow for internal or external access to web sites. Tasks include
managing multiple sites, administering security, and configuring
necessary components and software. Responsibilities may also include
software change management.
 Technical support staff respond to individual users' difficulties with
computer systems, provide instructions and sometimes training, and
diagnose and solve common problems.
 A computer operator performs routine maintenance and upkeep, such as
changing backup tapes or replacing failed drives in a RAID array. Such
tasks usually require physical presence in the room with the computer;
and while less skilled than sysadmin tasks require a similar level of trust,
since the operator has access to possibly sensitive data.
Operating Systems
Supporting Administration

 Microsoft Windows
 History: http://www.worldowindows.com/wintime.html
 1975 - Microsoft Formed “April 4, 1975, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States”
 1980 - Xenix released by Microsoft: “A discontinued version of the Unix operating
system for various microcomputer platforms, licensed by Microsoft from AT&T Corporation in the late
1970s.”
 1981 - MS-DOS 1.0 released with new IBM PC
 1985 - Windows 1.0 released
 1992 - Windows 3.1 released
 1993 - Windows NT 3.1 released (over 6 million lines of code)
Operating Systems
Supporting Administration
 1995 - Windows NT 3.5.1 released
 Windows 95 released
 1996 - Windows NT 4.0 released
 1998 - Windows 98 released
 1998 - Microsoft announces Windows NT 5.0 will be renamed Windows 2000
 2000 - release of windows 2000 (aka NT 5.0)
 2001 - release of windows XP (aka NT 5.1)
 2003 - release of windows 2003 server
 2007 - release of windows Vista (SELinux Project apply)
 2008 - release of windows 2008 server
 2009 - release of windows 7
 2013 - release of windows 8, 8.1, Server 2012
 2015 - release of windows 10
Operating Systems
Supporting Administration

 UNIX
 Early 70s --> AT&T System V Unix (and C
developed)--> BSD Unix (U. Cal-Berkley)
 Today - many variants. Portable and Scalable.
HP - HP/UX
IBM - AIX
Silicon Graphics - Irix
Sun Microsystems - SunOS/Solaris
 For history see:
http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/coinfo/history.
html
Operating Systems
Supporting Administration
 1982 - Sun Microsystems founded.
 PC Based Unix - solaris, SCO Unix, FreeBSD, NetBSD
 Linux - Linus Torvalds (Finland) 1991. Free/Open.
 (Red Hat Linux – Commercial Version)
 Debian, Ubuntu, another popular version of Linux (freeware)

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