Tenses

Simple Present Tense

 Definition

Simple Present Tense are tense that use to ask and give information related to habits and
general facts. (kebiasaan yang kamu lakukan dan informasi umum)

 Forms
a. Positive
Subject + Verb(s/es) + Object
Example: They wash some fruit
She washes some fruit
b. Negative
Subject + do/does not + Verb + Object
Example: We do not (don’t) come to Lea’s party
He does not (doesn’t) come to Lea’s party
c. Interogative
Do/does + Subject + Verb + Object + ?
Example: Do you swim every Monday?
Does she swim every Monday?

 At these tenses you can use adverbs of frequency like always, usually, often,
sometimes, rarely, occasionally, never, etc. These adverb, usually go before the
present simple verb
Example: We always wash our hands before meals
The student never visit the museum again
Do you usually have breakfast?

 Or you can use some repeated times like every Saturday, in the evening, every
morning in the winter or many repeated time
Example: Tina goes to school at 6 o’clock every day
My friend go to beach in the summer
Present Continuous Tense

 Definition

Tenses that use for telling what happening in the present, and activites that continue until
now (kegiatan yang sedang kamu lakukan dan berlanjut hingga sekarang/saat kamu
mengatakannya)

 Forms
a. Positive
Subject + to be + Verb(ing)
Example: I am singing
She is studying
We are running
b. Negative
Subject + to be (not) + Verb(ing)
Example: I am not singing
She is not/isn’t studying
We are not/aren’t running
c. Interrogative
To be + Subject + Verb(ing) + ?
Example: am I singing?
Is she studying?
Are we running?
 At these tenses we can use some adverb of time like now, right now, at present, at
this time etc.
Example: Nug is studying right now
Is Bara running today?
Simple Past Tense

 Definition

The simple past tense is tense that use for talk about actions and that happened and
finished in the past

 Forms
a. Positive
1. Subject + Verb 2 + Object
Example: I played mini games
Sinta read some novel books
It cost five thousand rupiah
2. Subject + was/were + Complement
Example: He was in the ballroom
We were in the library
b. Negative
1. Subject + did not + Verb 1 + Object
Example: I did not/didn’t play mini games
Bara did not/didn’t read the novel books
2. Subject+ was/were (not) + complement
Example: She did not/didn’t in the bedroom
They did not/didn’t in the beach
c. Interrogative
1. Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object + ?
Example: Did you play mini games?
Did he read some novel books?
2. Was/were + Subject + Complement + ?
Example: Was he in the pool?
Were you in the garden?

 The simple past forms (verb 2) for the verb be are was and were. Was is the simple
past form of am and is, then were is the simple past form of are.

 They are 2 types of verb 2, regular and irregular verb. Regular verb is verb that
made by adding –ed/-d and –ied. If you meet some short verb that end in a
consonant, double the consonant before adding –ed. Different of that the irregular
verb is verb that not ended by –ed like build->built, drink->drank, fall->fell and
another verbs.

 But must remember there are also some verb 2 in irregular verbs that stay same like:
cut, hit, let, put, read, set, and shut
Past Continuous Tenses

 Definition

This tense are use for explaining activities or situations that happen in past. (menyatakan
kegiatan yang berlangsung di waktu lampau

 Form
a. Positive
Subject + was/were + Verb(ing)
Example: Lea was teaching English
We were watching movie
b. Negative
Subject + was/were not + Verb(ing)
Example: Bara was not/wasn’t swimming
They were not/weren’t cooking barbeque
c. Interrogative
Was/were + Subject + Verb(ing) + ?
Example: Was Rasyid playing basket ball?
Were you drawing comic?
 This tense can use for telling activites that happen in past when another activities
happen to. (kejadian di masa lampau saat kejadian lain terjadi)
Form : When + Subject 1 + Simple past + Subject 2 + Past Continuous
Example : When I came home my sister was watching TV
Or can write like this
My sister was watching TV when I came home

 And this tense can use for telling activities happen together with another activities.
(dua kegiatan berlangsung bersamaan)
Form : Subject 1 + Past continuous + while + Subject 2 + Past Continuous
Example : Mother was cooking while father was washing a car
Simple Future Tense

 Definition

This tense is use for telling an event or activities in the future

 Form
a. Positive
1. Subject + will/shall +Verb 1 + Object
Example: I will spend my holiday
Bara shall go to garden
2. Subject + be + Going to + Verb 1 + Object
Example: Lea is going to spend her holiday
b. Negative
1. Subject + will/shall not +Verb 1 + Object
Example: We will not spend my special time
Bara shall not go to library
2. Subject + be + not + Going to + Verb 1 + Object
Example: Lea isn’t going to work again
c. Interrogative
1. Will + Subject + Verb 1 + Object + ?
Example: Will they watch some movies at night?
2. Be + Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Object + ?
Example: Is she going to work at home?

 What the different of will and going to be? Will is word that use for telling about
hope and wish (permohonan dan keinginan), but going to be is use for (tujuan,
niat, rencana atau pun kejadian yang akan segera terjadi)
Present Perfect tense

 Definition

Simple future tense is use for telling activites that finally done at the time/right now
(menjelaskan tentang kegiatan yang baru saja selesai terjadi)

 Form
a. Positive
Subject + Have/has +Verb 3 (past participle) + Object
Example: I have finished my homework
Lea has written some letter
b. Negative
Subject + Have/has not +Verb 3 + Object
Example: They have not/haven’t finished they homework
Bara has not/hasn’t finished swam class
Meaning: Bara not finishing his swam class anymore
c. Interrogative
Have/has + Subject + Verb 3 + Object + ?
Example: Have we finished art project?
Has Rasyid written some letter?
 This tense can use to another form like
1. For telling activities that start in the past (dimulai di waktu lampau)
Ex: I have played the guitar since I was ten years old [sejak]
2. For telling activities that start in the past and continue until now (dimulai dari
dulu hingga saat ini)
Ex: She has lived in Jakarta for fivteen years [selama]