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Final Examination in Statistics and Probability

Name: ___________________________________ Score:______________________

Year and Section: _________________________ Teacher: ___________________

I. Write the letter of the best answer on the space provided.

1. Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the group?

a. Chance
b. Interpretation
c. Possibilities
d. Uncertainty
2. All the possible outcomes that can occur when a coin is tossed twice are listed in the box. What is the probability of
having a head?
1
a. 4
HH TH 1
b.
2
3
TT HT c.
4
d. 1
3. The local weather forecaster said that there is a 20% chance of rain tomorrow.
What is the probability that it will not rain tomorrow?

a. 0.2 b. 0.8 c. 20 d. 80

4. A relative-frequency distribution for scores in a 5-item test is provided in the table below.

Score 0 1 2 3 4 5
Relative
0.105 0.316 0.352 0.180 0.043 0.004
Frequency

Suppose that the passing score is 4, what is the probability that a randomly selected student failed the quiz?

a. 0.047 b. 0.575 c. 0.773 d. 0.953

5. A spinner with three equal divisions was spinned 1 000 times. The following information was recorded. What is the
probability of the spinner landing on RED?

Outcome Blue Red Yellow

Spins 448 267 285

a. 27% b. 29% c. 45% d. 73%

6. Suppose you toss two fair coins once, how many possible outcomes are there?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8

7. A balanced die is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a number that is not 3?

a. 0 or 0 b. 1 c. 5 d. 6 or 1
6 6 6 6
8. In a 500-ticket draw for an educational prize, Ana’s name was written on 41 tickets.
What is the probability that she would win?

a. 0.082 b. 0.122 c. 0.41 d. 0.82

9. Which of the following is TRUE?

a. Answering a true/false-type question has one possible outcome.
b. Flipping a coin thrice has 3 possible outcomes.
c. The probability of getting a head when a coin is tossed can be expressed as 1/2, 0.5 or 50%.
d. The probability of rolling 7 in a die is 1/7.
10. The weather forecaster has announced that Region 1 has rainy (R), partly cloudy (PR), and cloudy (C) weather. If the
chance of having R is twice as the probability of PR which is 2/7, what is the correct table for probability?
a. Outcome R PR C c. Outcome R PR C
Probability 1 4 2 Probability 4 2 1
7 7 7 7 7 7

Outcome R PR C Outcome R PR C
b. d.
Probability 1 2 4 Probability 4 1 2
7 7 7 7 7 7

11. A glass jar contains 40 red, green, blue, and yellow marbles. The probability of drawing a single green marble at random
is 1/5 . What does this mean? There are 5 green marbles in the glass jar.
a. There are 8 green marbles in the glass jar.
b. There are more green marbles than the others.
c. There is only one green marble in the glass jar.

12. In a restaurant, you have a dinner choice of one main dish, one vegetable, and one drink. The choices for main dish are
pork and chicken meat. The vegetable choices are broccoli and cabbage. The drink choices are juice and water. How
many choices are possible?

a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 14

13. Arlene Joy got coins from her pocket which accidentally rolled on the floor. If there were 8 possible outcomes, how many
coins fell on the floor?

a. 3 b. 4 c. 8 d. 16

14. In a family of 3 children, what is the probability that the middle child is a boy?

a. 1 b. 1 c. 1 d. 1
8 4 3 2
15. Jun rolls two dice. The first die shows a 5. The second die rolls under his desk and he cannot see it. Now, what is the
probability that both dice show 5?

a. 1 b. 1 c. 9 d. 1
36 6 36 3
16. Mrs. Castro asked her students to do an activity. Afterwards, her students noticed that the experimental probability of
getting tails is 48%, while the mathematical/theoretical probability is 50%. Being an attentive student, how would you
explain this to your classmates?
a. The experimental probability is wrong.
b. We should always rely on mathematical/theoretical probability.
c. It is normal for experimental probabilities to vary from the theoretical probabilities but for a large number of trials,
the two will be very close.
d. It is abnormal for the experimental probabilities to differ from the mathematical/ theoretical probabilities because the
results must be the same.

17. You decided to order a pizza but you have to choose the type of crust and the toppings. If there are only 6 possible
combinations of ordering a pizza, from which of the following should you choose from?
a. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese or pepperoni
b. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese, bacon or pepperoni
c. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese, bacon, sausage or pepperoni
d. Crust: thin or deep dish
Topping: cheese, bacon, sausage, pepperoni or hotdog
18. There are four teams in a basketball tournament. Team A has 25% chance of winning. Team B has the same chance as
Team D which has 5% more than team A. Team C has half the chance of winning as team B. Which of the following has
the correct table of probabilities for winning the tournament?
a. Team A B C D
Probability 25% 30% 15% 30%
of winning
 b. Team A B C D
Probability 25% 20% 20% 35%
of winning
c. Team A B C D
Probability 25% 15% 15% 45%
of winning

d. Team A B C D
Probability 25% 15% 10% 50%
of winning

19. You tossed a five-peso coin five times and you got heads each time. You tossed again and still a head turned up. Do you
think the coin is BIASED? Why?
a. I think the coin is biased because it favored the heads.
b. I think the coin is biased because it is expected to turn up tail for the next experiments.
c. I think the coin is not biased because both faces of the coin have equal chances of turning up.
d. I think the coin is not biased because the probability of turning heads up is ¼ while that of tails is only 1/4

20. Your best friend asked you to accompany him to a carnival to play games of chances. According to him, his horoscope states
that he is so lucky that day and he wants to try his luck at the carnival. How will you convince him not to go to the carnival?
a. I will ask him to review very well his notes on probability so that he can apply them to a real-life situation like this.
b. I will tell him that what is written in the horoscope is sometimes true and sometimes false so he would rather not go
to the carnival.
c. I will give him instances wherein he could see the real picture of having a very little chance of winning so that he will not
be wasting his money and time.
d. I will convince him not to go to the carnival this time because we have to finish first our project in Probability.
Anyway, there will be other times to go and enjoy all the games there.
21. Which of the following is a discrete random variable?
a.The average amount of electricity consumed b. The number of patients in a hospital
c.The amount of paint used n repainting a building d. The average weight of female athletes
22. If two coins are tossed, which is not a possible value of the random variable for the number of heads?
a.0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3
23. Which of the following is NOT a true statement?
a. The value of a random variable could be zero.
b. Random variables can only have one value.
c. The probability of the value of a random variable could be zero.
d. The sum of all the probabilities in a probability distribution is always equal to one.
24. Which formula gives the probability distribution shown by table? For 24 - 25
X 2 3 6
P(x) 3 2 1
a.P(X) = 1/x b. P(X) = x/6 c. P(X) = 6/x d. P(X) = 1/6
25. If P(X) = x/6, what are the possible values of X for to be a probability distribution?
a.0,2,3 b. 1,2,3 c. 2,3,4 d. 1,1, 2
For numbers 26 – 28, refer to the probability distribution shown below.
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8
26. What is the mean of the probability distribution?
a.1.5 b. 1.2 c. 1.6 d. 1.8
27. What is the variance of the probability distribution?
a.0.75 b.1.00 c. 1.25 d. 0.50
28. What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?
a.1.00 b. 0.87 c. 1.12 d. 0.71
29. What do you call the process involved in making conclusions about population values?
a. Estimating parameters b. Hypothesis testing c. Inferential statistics d. Descriptive Statistics
30. Subsets of populations are called:
a. Samples b. Elements c. Estimates d. Averages
31. Which of the following best represents the central value of a set of data?
a. Variance b. Average c. Proportion d. Standard deviation

32. . When n < 30 and the population standard deviation is not known, what is the appropriate distribution?
a. Z b. t c. r d. p
33. When n ≥ 30 and the population standard deviation is known, what is the appropriate distribution?
a. Z b. t c. p d. r
34. In a t distribution, the critical values are based on:
 a. N b. z c. t d. df & alpha
35. Which of the following illustrates confidence level?
a. 32.8 b. 30 – 39 c. 90% d. 90% - 94%
36. Which of the following serves as a guide in deciding whether to reject or accept the null hypothesis?
a. Confidence level b. Decision rule c. Acceptance region d. Interpretation
For items 37 – 40. Identify whether the examples are
a. Discrete variable b. Continuous variable c. Not a variable
37. The number of books in the library.
38. The lifetime in hour of 15 flashlights.
39. The number of tourists each day in museum.
40. The capacity of water dams in a region.
41. How do you compute for the degree of freedom df?
a. df = n b. df = n + 1 c. df = n-1 d. df = β
42 Which of the following statement describes the Null hypothesis?
a. Represents a theory that has been put forward either because it is believed to be true
b. It is considered to be a bias assumptions.
c. Sets the boundary between negative and positive parameters.
d. Represents only the region of acceptance in the distribution curve.
43. Which of the following best describe a type I error in hypothesis testing?
a. Refers to the situation when we accept the null hypothesis when it is false.
b. Refers to the situation when we reject the null hypothesis when it is true (H0 is wrongly rejected).
c. Assuming that there is significant difference when in fact the result showed that there is none.
44. Ho: The average annual income of all the families in the City is Php36,000 (µ = Php 36,000). H1 : The average annual income of all the
families in the City is not Php36,000 (µ ≠ Php36,000) is an example of
a. upper tail test b. 2 tail test non-directional c. 2 tail test directional d. 1 tail test directional
For items 45 – 50 solve the following problems
A. The mean lifetime of a sample of 100 light tubes produced by a company is found to be 1,580 hours Test the hypothesis at 5% level
of significance that the mean lifetime of the tubes produced by the company is 1,600 hours with standard deviation of 90 hours. Z
critical value is +/- 1.96. ( two-tailed test)
45. Which of the following is the correct representation of the null and alternative hypothesis.
a. b. c. d.

46. Which of the following distributional curve best represents the data?

a. b. c. d.

47. What is the z value and decide whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis.
a. b. c. d.

B. In the population, the average IQ is 100. A team of scientist wants to test a new medication to see if its has either a positive or negative
effect on intelligence, or no effect at all. A sample of 30 participants who have taken the medication has a mean of 140 with a standard deviation of
20.Alpha = 0.05, t critical value = +/-2.0452

48. Which of the following is the correct representation of the null and alternative hypothesis.

a. b. c. d.

49. Which of the following distributional curve best represents the data?

a. b. c. d.

50. Decide whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis by computing the t value.

a. b. c. d.