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Python Loop Control PDF

Uploaded by

ratheeshbr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PYTHON BREAK, CONTINUE AND PASS STATEMENTS

http://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_loop_control.htm Copyright © tutorialspoint.com

You might face a situation in which you need to exit a loop completely when an external condition
is triggered or there may also be a situation when you want to skip a part of the loop and start next
execution.

Python provides break and continue statements to handle such situations and to have good
control on your loop.

This tutorial will discuss the break, continue and pass statements available in Python.

THE BREAK STATEMENT:


The break statement in Python terminates the current loop and resumes execution at the next
statement, just like the traditional break found in C.

The most common use for break is when some external condition is triggered requiring a hasty
exit from a loop. The break statement can be used in both while and for loops.

Example:
#!/usr/bin/python

for letter in 'Python': # First Example


if letter == 'h':
break
print 'Current Letter :', letter

var = 10 # Second Example


while var > 0:
print 'Current variable value :', var
var = var -1
if var == 5:
break

print "Good bye!"

This will produce the following result:

Current Letter : P
Current Letter : y
Current Letter : t
Current variable value : 10
Current variable value : 9
Current variable value : 8
Current variable value : 7
Current variable value : 6
Good bye!

THE CONTINUE STATEMENT:


The continue statement in Python returns the control to the beginning of the while loop. The
continue statement rejects all the remaining statements in the current iteration of the loop and
moves the control back to the top of the loop.

The continue statement can be used in both while and for loops.

Example:
#!/usr/bin/python

for letter in 'Python': # First Example


if letter == 'h':
continue
print 'Current Letter :', letter

var = 10 # Second Example


while var > 0:
var = var -1
if var == 5:
continue
print 'Current variable value :', var
print "Good bye!"

This will produce following result:

Current Letter : P
Current Letter : y
Current Letter : t
Current Letter : o
Current Letter : n
Current variable value : 10
Current variable value : 9
Current variable value : 8
Current variable value : 7
Current variable value : 6
Current variable value : 4
Current variable value : 3
Current variable value : 2
Current variable value : 1
Good bye!

THE ELSE STATEMENT USED WITH LOOPS


Python supports to have an else statement associated with a loop statements.

If the else statement is used with a for loop, the else statement is executed when the loop
has exhausted iterating the list.

If the else statement is used with a while loop, the else statement is executed when the
condition becomes false.

Example:
The following example illustrates the combination of an else statement with a for statement that
searches for prime numbers from 10 through 20.

#!/usr/bin/python

for num in range(10,20): #to iterate between 10 to 20


for i in range(2,num): #to iterate on the factors of the number
if num%i == 0: #to determine the first factor
j=num/i #to calculate the second factor
print '%d equals %d * %d' % (num,i,j)
break #to move to the next number, the #first FOR
else: # else part of the loop
print num, 'is a prime number'

This will produce following result:

10 equals 2 * 5
11 is a prime number
12 equals 2 * 6
13 is a prime number
14 equals 2 * 7
15 equals 3 * 5
16 equals 2 * 8
17 is a prime number
18 equals 2 * 9
19 is a prime number

Similar way you can use else statement with while loop.

THE PASS STATEMENT:


The pass statement in Python is used when a statement is required syntactically but you do not
want any command or code to execute.

The pass statement is a null operation; nothing happens when it executes. The pass is also useful
in places where your code will eventually go, but has not been written yet e. g. , instubsforexample:

Example:
#!/usr/bin/python

for letter in 'Python':


if letter == 'h':
pass
print 'This is pass block'
print 'Current Letter :', letter

print "Good bye!"

This will produce following result:

Current Letter : P
Current Letter : y
Current Letter : t
This is pass block
Current Letter : h
Current Letter : o
Current Letter : n
Good bye!

The preceding code does not execute any statement or code if the value of letter is 'h'. The pass
statement is helpful when you have created a code block but it is no longer required.

You can then remove the statements inside the block but let the block remain with a pass
statement so that it doesn't interfere with other parts of the code.

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