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11 Statistics-and-Probability-Week-1 Module 1

This document provides an introduction to statistics and probability concepts. It defines key terms like descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, population, sample, parameter, discrete and continuous variables. Descriptive statistics deals with collecting and summarizing data, while inferential statistics makes predictions based on analysis. Discrete variables are obtained by counting, like number of children, while continuous variables are obtained by measuring, like height. The document also includes activities for students to differentiate between descriptive and inferential statistics.

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Arnel Sumagaysay Gallo
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779 views2 pages

11 Statistics-and-Probability-Week-1 Module 1

This document provides an introduction to statistics and probability concepts. It defines key terms like descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, population, sample, parameter, discrete and continuous variables. Descriptive statistics deals with collecting and summarizing data, while inferential statistics makes predictions based on analysis. Discrete variables are obtained by counting, like number of children, while continuous variables are obtained by measuring, like height. The document also includes activities for students to differentiate between descriptive and inferential statistics.

Uploaded by

Arnel Sumagaysay Gallo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name:____________________ Section:___________________
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Pretest:
Identify the following underlined quantitative variables as discrete or continuous. Write D if
discrete and C if continuous.
________1. Number of foreigners migrating to the Philppines every year.
________2. Length of hair of female students.
________3. The boiling point of water 100 degree celcius.
________4. Number of students per class.
________5. John’s height is 168 cm.

1.1 Introduction
For most people, the word “statistics” is a scary thing that must be avoided as much as
possible. They think of statistics as a collection of numbers and formulas that have
vague meanings. Actually, without noticing it, people often apply statistics in their
everyday life. When a clinical records the result of physical examination of a patient, he
is collecting data to aid physician in diagnosing the patients’ illness and to determine
the appropriate medical treatment to be prescribed by the patient.

1.2 Definitions
Statistics – is a branch of applied mathematics which deals with the collection,
organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.
Descriptive Statistics – deals with the collection and presentation of data and
collection of summarizing values to describe its group characteristics. The most
common summarizing values are the measures of central tendency and variation. For
instances, one can describe a class of 40 students by the mean score in a given
examination in College Algebra.
Inferential Statistics – deals with predictions and inferences based on the analysis and
interpretation of the results of the information gathered by the statisticians. Some of the
common statistical tools of inferential statistics are the t-test, z-test, analysis of
variance, chi-square, and Pearson r. These will be discussed in chapter 8.
Variable – is a numerical characteristic or attribute associated with the population
being studied.
Types of Variables
1. Categorical or Qualitative Variables – are classified according to some attributes
or categories.
Examples: Gender, eye, color, political, preferences, religion, blood type, civil
status, year level, course, profession, and socio-economic status. Categories may
be ordered, which may or may not be assigned specific numerical values such as:
Performance Rating- Poor, Fair, Good, Very Good, Excellent. I.Q Score- Low,
Average, High Public Opinion About Performance of President X-1 means Poor, 2
means Average, and 3 means Good.
2. Numerical or Quantitative Variables – are variables that are classified according
to numerical characteristics such as height, age, pulse rate, number of children
and speed. Numerical- valued variables are often grouped in to class intervals.
Examples: Age in Years – 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, and 20 and above.
Height in cm- 100-149, 150-199, 200- 249.
Grade in Math- 1.00-1.49, 1.50-1.99, 2.00-2.49, 2.50-2.99……
Numerical – valued Variables are classified as:

Date Developed: Module No.


MODULES for JANUARY
1 2021 1
STATISTICS AND Page 1 of 2
Checked by:
PROBABILITY Developed by:
Arnel S.
Ace Mark C. Entero
Gallo
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a. Discrete – is a variable whose values are obtained by counting.


Example: Number of children, number of person with blue eyes, number of
patients with T.B., number of males and females in a Statistics class.
b. Continuous – is a variable whose values are obtained by measuring such as
temperature, distance, area, density, age, height, weight, all of which cannot
be put into a list because they can have any value in some interval of real
numbers.

Population – is defined as groups of people, animals, places, things of ideas to which any
conclusions based on characteristics of a sample will be applied.
Sample – is a subgroup of the population.
Parameter – is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a population.
Example: The population mean of the electricity bill of the residents of a certain city is
Php 1,500.00

ACTIVITY:
1. Differentiate the Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics and use some
examples. (20 pts)

POSTTEST:
Write the letter of the correct answer.
_________1. Is a variable whose values are obtained by counting.
a. Continuous c. Statistics
b. Discrete d. Sample
_________2. Are variables that are classified according to numerical characteristics such as
height, age, pulse rate, number of children and speed.
a. Population c. Parameter
b. Continuous d. Numerical or Quantitative Variables
_________3. A subgroup of the population.
a. Sample c. Statistics
b. Parameter d. Discrete
_________4. Is a branch of applied mathematics which deals with the collection,
organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.
a. Sample c. Statistics
b. Parameter d. Discrete
_________5. Is defined as groups of people, animals, places, things of ideas to which any
conclusions based on characteristics of a sample will be applied.
a. Sample c. Statistics
b. Parameter d. Population

Date Developed: Module No.


MODULES for JANUARY
2 2021 1
STATISTICS AND Page 2 of 2
Checked by:
PROBABILITY Developed by:
Arnel S.
Ace Mark C. Entero
Gallo

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