Review Questions

Multiple Choice
1. A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.
a. compiler
b. program
c. interpreter
d. programming language
2. The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________.
a. hardware
b. software
c. the operating system
d. tools
3. The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________.
a. RAM
b. secondary storage
c. main memory
e. the CPU
4. Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.
a. ENIACs
b. microprocessors
c. memory chips
d. operating systems
5. The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that
the program is working with, in __________.
a. secondary storage
b. the CPU
c. main memory
d. the microprocessor
6. This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program
is running.
a. RAM
b. secondary storage
c. the disk drive
d. the USB drive

7. A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no
power to the computer, is called __________.
a. RAM
b. main memory
c. secondary storage
d. CPU storage
8. A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer
is called __________.
a. an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory
9. A video display is a(n) __________ device.
a. output
b. input
c. secondary storage
d. main memory
10. A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.
a. byte
b. bit
c. switch
d. transistor
11. A byte is made up of eight __________.
a. CPUs
b. instructions
c. variables
d. bits
12. In the __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s
and 1s.
a. hexadecimal
b. binary
c. octal
d. decimal
13. A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.
a. 1
b. −1
c. 0
d. “no”
14. A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation
marks, and other characters is __________.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

15. An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the
world is __________.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC
16. Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode
17. Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode
18. The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.
a. bits
b. bytes
c. color packets
d. pixels
19. If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.
a. Python code
b. a stream of binary numbers
c. English words
d. circuits
20. In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which
operation it should perform.
a. fetch
b. decode
c. execute
d. deconstruct
21. Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________.
a. Java
b. assembly language
c. machine language
d. Python
22. The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language
program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. interpreter

23. The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.
a. binary instructions
b. mnemonics
c. commands
d. key words
24. The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.
a. syntax
b. punctuation
c. key words
d. operators
25. A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate
machine language program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. utility

Review Questions
Multiple Choice
1. A __________ error does not prevent the program from running, but causes it to
produce
incorrect results.
a. syntax
b. hardware
c. logic
d. fatal
2. A __________ is a single function that the program must perform in order to satisfy
the customer.
a. task
b. software requirement
c. prerequisite
d. predicate
3. A(n) __________ is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task.
a. logarithm
b. plan of action
c. logic schedule
d. algorithm
4. An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or
executed is called __________.
a. faux code
b. pseudocode
c. Python
d. a flowchart
5. A __________ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a
program.
a. flowchart
b. step chart
c. code graph
d. program graph
6. A __________ is a sequence of characters.
a. char sequence
b. character collection
c. string
d. text block
7. A __________ is a name that references a value in the computer’s memory.
a. variable
b. register
c. RAM slot
d. byte
8. A __________ is any hypothetical person using a program and providing input for it.
a. designer
b. user
c. guinea pig
d. test subject

9. A string literal in Python must be enclosed in __________.

a. parentheses.
b. single-quotes.
c. double-quotes.
d. either single-quotes or double-quotes.
10. Short notes placed in different parts of a program explaining how those parts of the
program work are called __________.
a. comments
b. reference manuals
c. tutorials
d. external documentation
11. A(n) __________ makes a variable reference a value in the computer’s memory.
a. variable declaration
b. assignment statement
c. math expression
d. string literal
12. This symbol marks the beginning of a comment in Python.
a. &
b. *
c. **
d. #
13. Which of the following statements will cause an error?
a. x = 17
b. 17 = x
c. x = 99999
d. x = '17'
14. In the expression 12 + 7, the values on the right and left of the + symbol are called
__________.
a. operands
b. operators
c. arguments
d. math expressions
15. This operator performs integer division.
a. //
b. %
c. **
d. /
16. This is an operator that raises a number to a power.
a. %
b. *
c. **
d. /
17. This operator performs division, but instead of returning the quotient it returns the
remainder.
a. %
b. *
c. **
d. /

18. Suppose the following statement is in a program: price = 99.0. After this statement
executes, the price variable will reference a value of which data type?
a. int
b. float
c. currency
d. str
19. Which built-in function can be used to read input that has been typed on the keyboard?
a. input()
b. get_input()
c. read_input()
d. keyboard()
20. Which built-in function can be used to convert an int value to a float?
a. int_to_float()
b. float()
c. convert()
d. int()
21. A magic number is ________________.
a. a number that is mathematically undefined
b. an unexplained value that appears in a program’s code
c. a number that cannot be divided by 1
d. a number that causes computers to crash
22. A __________ is a name that represents a value that does not change during the program’s
execution.
a. named literal
b. named constant
c. variable signature
d. key term

Review Questions
Multiple Choice
1. A __________ structure can execute a set of statements only under certain
circumstances.
a. sequence
b. circumstantial
c. decision
d. Boolean
2. A __________ structure provides one alternative path of execution.
a. sequence
b. single alternative decision
c. one path alternative
d. single execution decision

3. A(n) __________ expression has a value of either True or False.

a. binary
b. decision
c. unconditional
d. Boolean
4. The symbols >, <, and == are all __________ operators.
a. relational
b. logical
c. conditional
d. ternary
5. A(n) _________ structure tests a condition and then takes one path if the condition is
true, or another path if the condition is false.
a. if statement
b. single alternative decision
c. dual alternative decision
d. sequence
6. You use a(n) __________ statement to write a single alternative decision structure.
a. test-jump
b. if
c. if-else
d. if-call
7. You use a(n) __________ statement to write a dual alternative decision structure.
a. test-jump
b. if
c. if-else
d. if-call
8. and, or, and not are __________ operators.
a. relational
b. logical
c. conditional
d. ternary
9. A compound Boolean expression created with the __________ operator is true only if
both of its subexpressions are true.
a. and
b. or
c. not
d. both
10. A compound Boolean expression created with the _________ operator is true if either
of its subexpressions is true.
a. and
b. or
c. not
d. either

11. The ___________ operator takes a Boolean expression as its operand and reverses its
logical value.
a. and
b. or
c. not
d. either
12. A ___________ is a Boolean variable that signals when some condition exists in the
program.
a. flag
b. signal
c. sentinel
d. siren

Review Questions
Multiple Choice
1. A __________ -controlled loop uses a true/false condition to control the number of
times that it repeats.
a. Boolean
b. condition
c. decision
d. count
2. A __________ -controlled loop repeats a specific number of times.
a. Boolean
b. condition
c. decision
d. count
3. Each repetition of a loop is known as a(n) __________.
a. cycle
b. revolution
c. orbit
d. iteration
4. The while loop is a __________ type of loop.
a. pretest
b. no-test
c. prequalified
d. post-iterative
5. A(n) __________ loop has no way of ending and repeats until the program is interrupted.
a. indeterminate
b. interminable
c. infinite
d. timeless
6. The -= operator is an example of a(n) __________ operator.
a. relational
b. augmented assignment
c. complex assignment
d. reverse assignment
7. A(n) __________ variable keeps a running total.
a. sentinel
b. sum
c. total
d. accumulator
8. A(n) __________ is a special value that signals when there are no more items from a list
of items to be processed. This value cannot be mistaken as an item from the list.
a. sentinel
b. flag
c. signal
d. accumulator

9. GIGO stands for .

a. great input, great output
b. garbage in, garbage out
c. GIGahertz Output
d. GIGabyte Operation
10. The integrity of a program’s output is only as good as the integrity of the program’s
.
a. compiler
b. programming language
c. input
d. debugger
11. The input operation that appears just before a validation loop is known as the .
a. prevalidation read
b. primordial read
c. initialization read
d. priming read
12. Validation loops are also known as .
a. error traps
b. doomsday loops
c. error avoidance loops
d. defensive loops