Recent Development of Circular Knitting Machine

Circular Knitting Machine:

Circular knitting machine is widely used through out the knitting industry to produce fabric. This
machine can be built in almost any reasonable diameter and the small diameter of up to five,
which are used for wear. Circular Knitting Machine:
Circular knitting machine is widely used through out the knitting industry to produce fabric.
This machine can be built in almost any reasonable diameter and the small diameter of up to five,
which are used for wear.

Machine for outerwear and under wear may vary from 12 inch to 60 inch in diameter according
to manufactures requirement. This machine can be used either as fabric or for making garments
completely with fancy stitch. Latch needles are commonly employed in all modern circular
machines because of their simple action and also their ability to process more types of yarns. 

Circular knitting machine

 Important Parts of Circular Knitting Machine:
Creel: Creel is a part of a knitting machine. Hear yarn package are store and ready to feed in
the machine.
 Photo: Creel.
VDQ Pulley: It is a very important part of the machine. It controls the quality of the
product. Altering the position of the tension pulley changes the G.S.M. of the fabric. If pulley
moves towards the positive directive then the G.S.M. is decrease. And in the reverse direction
G.S.M will increase. 

Photo: VDQ Pulley.

Pulley Belt: It controls the rotation of the MPF wheel.

Photo: Pulley Belt.

Brush: Its clean the pulley belt. 

Photo: Brush.
Tension Disk: It confronts the tension of the supply yarn.

Photo: Tension Disk.

Inlet and Outlet Stop Motion: It is an important part of the machine. It stops
the machine instantly when a yarn is break.

Photo: Inlet and Outlet Stop Motion.

Yarn Guide: Its help the yarn to feed in the feeder.
 Photo: Yarn Guide.
MPF Wheel: Its control the speed of the MPF. Pulley belt gives motion to the wheel.

Photo: MPF Wheel.

MPF: It is Mamenger positive feed. It is also an important part of the machine. It’s give
positive feed to the machine.

Photo: MPF.
Feeder Ring: It is a ring. Where all feeders are pleased together.
 Photo: Feeder Ring.
Disk Drum: Use in jacquard machine to produce various types of design.

Photo: Disk Drum.

Pattern Wheel: Pattern Wheel use in Pai Lung and Auto Stripe machine because of that
that help to produce various types of design and stripe.

Photo: Pattern Wheel.

Feeder: Feeder is help yarn to feed in to the machine.
 Photo: Feeder.
Needle Track: Where all Needles is placed together in a decent design.

Photo: Needle Track.

Needle: It is a principal element of the knitting machine. Its help the yarn to create a loop.
And by this way fabric are produce. Prior to yarn feeding the needle is raised to clear the old
loop from the hook, and received the new loop above it on needle stem. The new loop is then
enclosed in the needle hook as the needle starts to descend.

Photo: Different Types of Needle.

Sinker: It is most important element of the machine. Its help to loop forming, knocking over
and holding down the loop.

Photo: Sinker.
Sinker Ring: Sinker ring is a ring. Where all sinkers are pleased together.

Photo: Sinker Ring.

Cam Box: Where the cam are set horizontally.

Photo: Cam Box.

Cam: Cam is device s which converts the rotary machine drive in to a suitable reciprocating
action for the needles and other elements.
 Photo: Cam.
Lycra Attachment Device: Lycra is placed hear. And feeding to the machine.

Photo: Lycra Attachment Device.

Lycra Stop Motion: It is one kind of stop motion to stop the machine when the Lycra
is break.

Photo: Lycra Stop Motion.

Cylinder: Needle track are situated hear.
 Photo: Cylinder.
Cylinder Balancer: It helps the cylinder to set in a proper alignment.

Photo: Cylinder Balancer.

Uniwave Lubrication: The Uniwave lubricator provides uniform lubrication to
needles, cam tracks, lifters and other knitting machine components. The patented nozzle
construction separates the air-oil mixture into air and droplets of oil.
 Photo: Uniwave Lubrication System.
Adjustable Fan: This part removes lint, hairy fibre from yarn and others. To clean the
dust by air flow.

Photo: Adjustable Fan.

Expander: To control the width of the knitted fabric. No distortion of the knitting courses.
Even take down tension in the knitting machine. As a result, an even fabric structure is achieved
over the entire fabric width. The deformation of the knitted fabric goods can be reduced.

Photo: Expander.
Needle Detector: This part detect the any type of faults of needles.

Photo: Needle Detector.

Air Gun Nozzle: To feed the yarn; sometimes it is used for cleaning purpose.

Photo: Air Gun Nozzle.

Recent Development of Circular Knitting Machine

Seamless knitting technology
Seamless garment knitting can be achieved either on the circular knitting machine or flat (V-bed)
knitting machine. However, seamless circular knitting machines differ from seamless flat
knitting machines in that seamless circular machines create only a single tubular type of garment
such as those produced on Santoni machines.

Seamless knitting machines can create more than one tube and join the tubes together on a
machine. The complete garments knitted on circular machines may also only need a minimal
cutting operation.
In addition, seamless circular machines require different diameters to make major changes in
garment size, whereas seamless flat machines can adjust to different garment sizes on the same
machine. Consequently, seamless knitting on circular machines is not true seamless knitting. It
should be mentioned that knitting on V-bed seamless machines produces truly seamless garments
since they do not require any cutting or sewing. In recent years, Santoni has developed a four-
feed single-jersey electronic circular machine, which enables the creation of a shaped garment by
reciprocal movement.

To get a higher quality knitted garment, it is crucial to control the manufacturing functions. It is
critical for designers and manufacturers to communicate effectively in order to create successful
new products in the knitting industry. Designers complain that the designs that they specified are
not accurately created, while technicians are of the opinion that the designers do not understand
the technical problems in knitting feasibility. It has been proposed that one way to overcome the
communication problem between designers and technicians would be the use of intelligent CAD
systems. The CAD system gives designers and manufacturers the opportunity to specify and
evaluate their design more precisely without requiring great time investment and technical
expertise. Diverse computercontrolled systems including CAD/CAM controlled machines have
been developed to facilitate communication.

Companies have been offered new types of CAD system, which use two different monitors
including a technical window and a design window for designers and manufacturers, who require
different information for the same design.

Ultra fine gauge knitting machines

Fine knitted fabrics known as ‘second skin’ are produced on fine gauge circular knitting
machines. Cotton, polyester and viscose yarns of 90 to 120 Ne are applied to produce fine
circular knitted fabrics. The appearance of these fabrics is similar to woven fabrics but they are
more flexible.
 Ultra fine gauge elements of a circular knitting machine.
High-grade circular knitting cylinders provide the ideal complement to the company’s premium
range of needles and system parts to create the perfect knitting system from a single reliable
supplier. It is only with the guarantee of a consistently high standard of component quality and
outstanding durability that circular knitting machines are able to reach their full potential for
high-performance operation on the factory floor. Ensuring the pinpoint precision of individual
elements in existing machines not only simplifies the workflow but also improves capacity
utilisation in production.

Fine gauge automotive fabrics, known as woven-like fabrics, are produced on fine gauge double
cylinders in Pai Lung ultra fine gauge machines. Pile technology is applied to these machines,
where the fine gauge of loop makers is adjusted near to the sinkers.

Loop transfer technology in circular knitting machines

Stitch transfer is an important operation, as a higher number of transfer modes means more
possibilities of making structured designs and shaped fabrics in which the stitch is transferred
from one cylinder to the other or within the same cylinder.

The production of high-quality knitted fabrics – i.e. of homogeneous appearance as a result of a

smooth knitting process and the absence of holes and barring – essentially depends on the
application of certain technical solutions.

As for the type of needle used, Italian machines incorporate latch needles, which operate
according to the drowned butt principle. This kind of needle remains in an idle position with its
heel completely drowned in the needle bed groove without being involved in the action of cams,
and retains the loop, which in this case is not subject to strain. Figures 7.7 and 7.8 demonstrate
novel loop transfer elements of these circular knitting machines. 

Pile and sliver insertion mechanism in circular knitting

A special sliver knitting process locks individual fibres directly into a lightweight knit backing,
allowing each fibre to stand upright, free from the backing, to form the soft pile on the face of
the fabric. This makes comfort pile fabrics softer, warmer, more drapeable and more resilient
than fabrics made from yarns. Each fabric originates from premium loose fibres. These fibres
include high-tech microfibre acrylics, polyesters and mod-acrylics specially developed for fabric,
along with natural fibres such as wool.

Loop transfer tool

Each blend is chosen for its specific end result. By engineering the fibre mix, an incredibly wide
range of colours, density, weight, patterning, texture and performance features can be produced
in comfort knit pile fabrics.
 Needle with spring for high speed loop transferring
After knitting, the pile fabric is sheared to the desired height. It is then put through a series of
technical finishing processes specially developed by this kind of knitting process to control the
surface texture and special characteristics of the final fabric

Introduction of Knitting Machines | Classification of Knitting Machines

The machines used for the manufacturing of knit fabrics can be divided into machines with
individually driven needles and needle bar machines. The former type of machine incorporates
needles which are moved individually by cams acting on the needle butt; they are used for
producing weft knits and are subdivided into circular knitting machines and flat-bed knitting
machines.

The needles used can be latch needles or compound needles. The needle bar machines
incorporate needles which move simultaneously, since they are all fixed to the same bar; we
distinguish full-fashioned knitting machines and circular loop-wheel machines for the production
of weft knit fabrics, which only use spring-beard needles, and warp knitting machines which
use spring-beard needles, latch needles and compound needles.
Classification of Knitting Machines
 Flat knitting machine
The Frame:
 The needle beds
 Concept of machine gauge
 The carriage and yarn guides
 Feeding the yarn
 The take-down device
 Selecting the needles
 Selection of high and low butts

Main Features:
1. Flat knitting machine has two stationary needle beds
2. Latch needles are used
3. Angular cams of a bi-directional cam system is used
4. The cam system is attached to the under side of a carriage, which with its selected yarn
carriers.
5. The carriage traverses in a reciprocating manner across the machine width
6. There is a separate cam system for each needle bed
7. The two cam systems are linked together by a bridge, which passes across from one needle
bed to the other.
8. Normally machine gauge is 3 to 18 needles per inch and machine width up to 79 inches. 

a. Diagram of a V bed, and b. Diagram showing relative positions of needles from front and back
beds
Advantages of Flat Knitting Machine:
1. The flat machine is the most versatile of weft knitting machines, its stitch potential
includes needles election on one or both beds, racked stitches, needle-out designs,
striping, tubular knitting, changes of knitting width and loop transfer.
2. A wide range of yarn counts may be knitted per machine gauge including a number of
ends of yarn in one knitting system, the stitch length range is wide and there is the
possibility of changing the machine gauge.
3. The operation and supervision of the machines of the simpler type is relatively less
arduous than for other weft knitting machines.
4. The number of garments or panels simultaneously knitted across the machine is
dependent upon its knitting width, yarn carrier arrangement, yarn path and package
accommodation.

Uses of Flat Knitting Machines:

Articles knitted on flat machines range from trimmings, edgings and collars to garment panels
and integrally knitted garments. The common products: jumpers, pullovers, cardigans, dresses,
suits, trouser suits, hats, scarves, accessories, ribs for straight-bar machines (fully fashioned
machines). Cleaning clothes, three-dimensional and fashioned products for technical
applications, multiaxial machines are under development. 
 

Flat Bed Knitting Machine is the most common knitting machine for hobbiests and boutique
producers. It have horizontal needle beds. In previous article, we have discussed about features
of flat bed knitting machine and parts of flat bed knitting machine.
Flat Bed Knitting Machine:
Flat Bed Knitting Machine produces flat pieces. Most common knitting machine for hobbiests
and boutique producers. Garments produced from a flat bed knitting machine normally have side
seams. ; It is not possible to knit in the round on a flat bed knitting machine. Flat bed knitting
machines cannot work purl stitches or garter stitch automatically. A flat bed knitting machine
comprising a flat elongate bed on which is retained a plurality of parallel, latchable, needles
equally spaced along the length of the bed and each movable relative to the bed in a direction
lengthwise of the needles and transverse of the bed length.

Machine Parts of Flat Bed Knitting Machine:

The different parts of flat bed knitting machine are given as below:

Schematic Diagram of Different Parts of Flat Bed Knitting Machine.

1. Tension Equipment: Provides tension force for yarn to be fed to the yarn feeder.

2. Cone Stand Plate: Table on which cone is arranged.

3. Fluorescent Lamp: It is necessary to see the condition of the needle bed gap and so on during
knitting. Turn on and off on the controller screen.

4. Cone Stand: Holds the cone.

5. Signal Lamp: There are three indication lamps are as follows:

 Green lamp------------------------Machine is in operation.

 Blinking Green lamp-------------Machine is stopped by operation.
 Blinking yellow lamp----------Machine is stopped because of error, or completion of
piece.

6. Carriage: Control the motion of the needle.

7. Operation Bar: Actuates and stops the carriage. Also used for clearing operation errors.

8. Stop Switch: The purpose is to machine in an emergency only.

9. Side Cover: Installed at the both sides of safety cover.

10. Safety Cover: Suppresses the noise and dust.

11. Side Tension Equipment: Pulls the yarn fed to the feeder to create tension as tension
equipment does.

12. Carrier Rail: Used for the carrier to move on.

13. Controller: Loads knitting data for floppy disk and command the machine to execute the
data. Modifying and inputting data are available in controller.

14. Lock Lever: By execute this lever, the sub roller is pressed and comes into contact with the
main roller. Pull the lever toward you to release the sub roller from the main roller. Press the
lever downward to engage the sub roller.

15. Main Power Switch: Cuts off power supply. This switch has emergency stop function. In
case of an emergency, turn this switch off.

16. Oil Pump: Supplies oil to the brush holder and the racking side plate.

17. Breaker Switch: This protects the machine from odd power source to the turned off
automatically. The breaker switch is back side of controller.
Now we highlighted main parts of flat bed m/c and their identification and function. 
 Tension Equipment:
 Photo: Schematic Diagram of Tension Equipment.

1. Knot catcher adjust dial (1) -Dial for adjusting the knot catcher to the larger knots.
2. Knot catcher adjust dial (2) - Dial for adjusting the knot catcher to the smaller knots.
3. Knot catcher (a) - Detect for knot and stop the carriage.
4. Knot catcher (b) - Detect for knot. Carriage moves in low speed from the course to the line set in
the screen. When a small knot is detected.
5. Tension disk – Adjusts tension of the yarn.
6. Yarn guide plate – Guides the yarn to the knot catcher rightly.
7. Tension – Detect breakage of the yarn.

Carriage:
 Photo: Schematic Diagram of Carriage.

1. Carriage – Control the needles.

2. Needle selection sensor – The needle selection gauge and needle selection sensor installed on
the carriage can detect the advancing direction of carriage, as well as count the needles.
3. Carrier control box – Carrier catch pins come out from the carrier control box and carriage bring
the carrier.
4. Dust cleaner – Suck the dust at the gap. Set the interval of suction and pause in controller screen
to repeat exhaust, pause, and suction in sequence during knitting.
5. Fabrics swell direction – Detect the swelling of at the needle beds gap.
6. Brush – Open the needle latch. Also prevents the latch from and closing.
7. Stitch presser – Presses Fabrics into the needle beds gap.

Needle Bed Part:

Photo: Schematic Diagram of Needle Bed Part.

1. Needle bed – Needles, jack, select jack and selector are arranged on this needle bed.
2. Carriage rail – Rail for the carriage.
3. Needle selection gauge.
4. Clear brush.

Racking Device:
 Photo: Schematic Diagram of Racking Device.

1. Ball screw unit – converts the revolution of the racking motor to lateral motion to the needle
bed.
2. Main motor – control the carriage.
3. Racking motor – used to rack the needle bed.
4. Oil pump – Supplies oil to brush holder and racking slide plate.

Side Tension Equipment:

Photo: Schematic Diagram of Side Tension Equipment.

 1. Side tension – Absorbs the slack of the yarn when the carriage reverses.
2. Side tension dial – Adjusts side tension.

Carrier Control Equipment:

Photo: Schematic Diagram of Carriage Control Equipment.

1. Carrier – Carries the yarns.

2. Carrier stopper – Stop the carriers at both ends of the carrier rails.
3. Carrier rail – Rails for the carriers.
4. Yarn feeder – Feeds yarn to the needle beds gap.

Fabrics Take Down Roller:

 Photo: Schematic Diagram of fabric Take down Roller.

1. Main roller – Takes the fabrics down.

2. Sub roller – Press the roll fabric between the main roller and take it down.
3. Yarn guide pin – Used to prevent yarn from twining around the main roller.
4. Lock lever – By actuating this lever, the sub roller is pressed and comes into contact with the
main roller. Pull the lever toward you to release the roller from the main roller. Press the lever
downward to engage the sub roller.

Knitting Action of the Plain Straight Bar Frame

Figure.A: Shows the cross-section of the knitting head containing the following
elements:
5.
A. Bearded needle, having a cranked end for location in the tricked and drilled needle
bar.

B. Sinker – only one between every other needle space – with a reinforced back and, at
the front, a ‘catch’ to sink the yarn around the needles, and a ‘neb’ to separate the old and
new loops until knock-over.

C. Divider, occupying each remaining space, usually having the same shaped front as the
sinker but with an extended tail at the back.
D. Knocking-over bit – one directly beneath each sinker and divider – having a ‘throat’
for holding the loops and a ‘nose’ for knocking-over.

E. Needle bar, having a compound horizontal and vertical movement.

F. Striking jack, fulcrummed at its lower end, each one with its ‘nose’ resting on a
sinker back, and a ‘spring’ exerting pressure on its ‘tail’.

G. Catch bar, extending the full width of the knitting head, having forward and
backward, as well as vertical, movement.

H. Yarn carrier, which traverses in alternate directions across the head from one course
to the next – up to six carriers may be available.The carrier is connected to a
reciprocating carrier rail by friction, and when the carrier is arrested by its carrier stop,
the carrier rail completes its full traverse, driven by the coulier cam and punching through
the carrier friction.

J. Falling bar, which is a stop that cushions the advance of the sinkers and dividers. 
 Knitting Cycle of the Bearded Needle Tricot Machine

Figure.A: illustrates the knitting cycle of the bearded needle tricot machine

1. The rest position (a). The needles have risen to 2/3 of their full height from knock-over and
have their beards towards the back of the machine.The presser is withdrawn and the guides are at
the front of the machine with the sinkers forward, holding the old overlaps in their throats so that
they are maintained at the correct height on the needle stems.

2. Backward swing and overlap shog (b, c). After swinging through the needles to the beard
side, the guides are overlapped across the beards, usually by one needle space in opposite
directions.

3. The return swing and second rise (c, d). As the guides swing to the front, the needles rise to
their full height so that the newly-formed overlaps slip off the beards onto the stems above the
old overlaps. This arrangement reduces the amount of guide-bar swing necessary and therefore
the time required.

4. Pressing (e). The needle bar descends so that the open beards cover the new overlaps. There is
a slight pause whilst the presser advances and closes the beards.

5. Landing (f). As the sinkers withdraw, the upward curve of their bellies lands the old overlaps
onto the closed beards.

6. Knock-over and underlap shog (g). The presser is withdrawn and the continued descent of
the needle bar causes the old overlaps to be knocked-over as the heads of the needles descend
below the upper surface of the sinker bellies. The underlap shog which can occur at any time
between pressing and knock-over usually occurs in opposite directions on the two guide bars.

7. The sinkers now move forward to hold down the fabric loops and push them away from the
ascending needles, which are rising to the rest position

The Crochet Machine

In hand crocheting, a hook is used to draw a new loop through the old loop with the chains of
loops being joined together at intervals. On crochet machines, the warp chains are separate from
the weft inlay and it is the latter threads that join the chaining wales to each other. 

 
Knitting Elements of a Crochet Machine
 A single horizontal needle bar whose simple reciprocating action can be used to operate
individually-tricked latch, carbine or embroidery needles. The patent or carbine bearded
needle is used for fine structures and has a sideways crimped beard placed in a
permanently-pressed position. Although warp threads can only be fed into the beard from
the left (necessitating a unidirec-tional closed overlap), the old overlaps are automatically
cleared and landed by the movement of the needle. It is still the most frequently used
needle, achieving speeds up to 2500 rpm. Reduced machine speed and high needle wear
make its use uneconomical for knitting single end cotton yarns.

 No sinkers; instead a fixed hold-back bar is fitted in front of the knock-over verge to
prevent the fabric moving out with the needles. 
 Knitting Elements of a Crochet Machine

 Closed lap pillar stitches and inlay threads controlled and supplied as separate warp and
weft respectively. Each needle is lapped from below by its own warp guide, which is
clipped to a bar whose automatic one-needle overlap and return and underlap shog is
fixed and is controlled from an eccentric cam whilst its upwards and downwards swing is
derived from a rocker-shaft. The warp yarn is often placed low at the front of the
machine. 

 The weft yarn, often placed above and towards the back of the machine, supplying the
carrier tubes, which are clipped to the spring-loaded inlay bars.These bars are fitted
above the needle bar and are shogged at the rate of one link per course, from pattern
chains around a drum at one end of the machine.There are usually up to two warp guide
bars and up to 16 weft inlay bars, which may be electronically controlled.

 Special attachments are available for producing fancy effects such as cut or uncut fringe
edges, pile, braiding (equivalent to fall-plate) and snail shell designs.

Crochet machines, with their simple construction, ease of pattern and width changing, and use of
individual yarn packages or beams provide the opportunity for short runs on coarse- or fine-
gauge fancy and open-work structures and edgings, as well as the specialist production of wide
fancy fabrics or narrow elastic laces
Experiment name: Study on yarn to fabric path diagram of Tricot warp knitting
machine.
Introduction:
Warp knitting m/c is one kind of flat bed m/c. This m/c produces the knitted loops in wales
direction. There are two major classes of warp knitting m/c. They are the ‘Tricot’ & the
‘Raschel’ warp knitting m/c. The ‘Tricot’ warp knitting m/c is also termed as automatic warp
knitting of its function.

Objectives:
1. To know about the yarn to fabric path diagram of Tricot warp knitting machine.
2. To know about the name of the differents parts of the machine.

Main parts of the Machine:

1. Compound needle.
2. Needle bar
3. Guide bar
4. Sinker& sinker bar
5. Sliding latch
6. Sliding latch bar
7. Comb
8. Cloth roller.
9. Link
10. Rocker shaft
11. Pattern chain.
12. Pattern drum.
13. Main shaft.
14. Intermediate shaft.
15. Let-off mechanism
16. Take-up mechanism.
17. Machine A/C.
18. Toothed belt/ Timing belt.
19. Warp beam.
20. Bottom Beam.

M/C specification:
1. Brand: LIBA
2. Origin: W. Germany
3. Manufacturing Company: MASCHINEN FABRIK, NAILA.
4. Manufacturing Year: 1991
5. Width: 84 inch/ 213 cm
6. Type: COP 2K
 7. Gauge: 28

M/C Description:
Compound needle is used in the m/c. With the help of the pattern drum and the chain link the
patterning is done. The gears are merged in oil bath for smooth operation. There are two back
beam for yarn supply. The yarns come through guide bar and through the needle the cloth is take
down by cloth roller 
Function of different parts of M/C:
1. Compound needle: In Tricot warp knitting m/c compound needle is used. To form loop and
produce the fabric is the main function of the needle.

2. Needle bar: A needle bar is used in this m/c. The main function of it is to hold the needles
together and helps the needles to move unison while loop forming.

3. Guide bar: Guide bar is used in this m/c to guide the yarn properly to the needle. It feeds the
yarn around the needle and controls the rate of warp feed from the warp beam by making lapping
movement.

4. Sinker and Sinker bar: In the tricot warp knitting m/c tricot sinker is used to hold down the
loops produced by the needles. The sinker bar keeps the sinkers together to move unison while
knitting. The main function of the sinker is to hold down, knock over and supporting the fabric
loops.

5. Sliding latch: In warp knitting m/c compound needles are used. A sliding latch is used here to
close the hook while knitting.

6. Sliding latch bar: In warp knitting m/c the sliding latches remain unison. The latch bar keeps
the latches together and helps it to move unison while knitting.

7. Cloth roller: The produced fabric is wound on the cloth roller.

8. Let-off mechanism: The process of releasing the warp yarns according to the requirement of
the m/c and speed of cloth roller is the main function of let-off mechanism.

9. Take up mechanism: It helps the produced fabric to wound on the cloth roller

in proper tension. There are 3 take-up r/r in this m/c. It also gives proper tension to the warp
sheet and controls the speed of warp beam.

11. Link: In the warp knitting m/c the link is used to make design in the knitted fabric. The
different links used here has different thickness and thus it helps to produce design.

12. Pattern chain: The pattern chain is the chain of links joined with each other. The pattern
chain helps the m/c to produce design.
13. Pattern drum: It is a drum, which gives motion to the pattern chain. There are groove on it
and the pattern chain is placed on it. It gets motion from the m/c driving motor through gearing.

14. Comb: In this warp knitting m/c the comb is used to separate the warp yarns coming from the
warp beam. It works as the reeds of the weaving m/c and also controls the fabric width.

15. Warp beam: In tricot warp knitting m/c warp beam is used to supply the warp yarns parallely.
There are 8-warp beam in this m/c. 4 beam are on the upper side and 4 are to the downside.
These beams are not so big as the weavers beam.

15. Machine A/C: The m/c a/c is one kind of cooling device, which keeps the m/c parts and the
motor from over heating and damage while running continuously.

16. Main shaft: The main shaft of this m/c gives the m/c motion from the motor.

17. Lubrication: The m/c has automatic lubrication system.

18. Controlling unit: The controlling unit is used to control the m/c easily. It has a digital control
unit.

19. Toothed belt: In this m/c the toothed belts are used to transfer motion without any slippage

Experiment name: Study on Crochet Warp knitting machine.

Objectives:
 To get clear concept about the driving mechanism of crotchet knitting machine.
 To know the functions of different parts of the machine.
 To know about the different motions of the machine.
 To know different parts of the machine.
 To improve our technical knowledge.

Specification of the machine:

1. Company: DAH HEER Industrial Co. LTD.
2. Brand: DAHU.
3. Origin: Taiwan.
4. Model No: L
5. Size: 15 G
Main parts: 
1.  Motor 
2.  Main shaft 
3.  Size lever 
4.  Shogging motion lever 
5.  Weft yarn guide bar 
6.  Warp yarn guide bar 
7.  Needle bar 
8.  Needle 
9.  Pressure roller 
10. Take up roller  
11. Ratchet wheel

Machine description:
The machine is driven by an electric motor. Motion is transferred to the machine parts by gear
and toothed belt. Here weft yarn guide bar gives to and fro motion and shogging motion.
Shogging motion lever give motion to the weft yarn guide bar. Shogging motion is driven from
motor by main shaft. Needle bar and warp yarn guide bar also give to and fro and shogging
motion by the same mechanism.Take up roller has ratchet wheel, by which take up roller gets
motion from the motor by pushing pawl amd some mechanism.

Conclusion:
First of all I would like to offer my heartily thanks to our supervising tutor and the lab assistants
for their consistent help to complete the study properly. Crotchet knitting machine is one of the
most important knitting machines to produce knitted fabric