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Tutorial-11-Balancing of IC Engines

This document contains 5 problems related to balancing forces in reciprocating engines. Problem 1 asks to calculate the shaking force and couple on an engine frame given specifications of the engine's cylinders, stroke, speed, and pressure. Problem 2 asks to determine the balance mass and unbalanced force and couple at different crank positions for an engine with given reciprocating and revolving masses. Problem 3 involves constructing firing order charts for 3-cylinder 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines. Problem 4 asks for the firing order and expression for unbalanced secondary couple of a 5-cylinder 4-stroke engine. Problem 5 involves examining a 5-cylinder engine for balance of primary and secondary forces and couples using force and couple polygons.

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Prakhar shukla
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154 views2 pages

Tutorial-11-Balancing of IC Engines

This document contains 5 problems related to balancing forces in reciprocating engines. Problem 1 asks to calculate the shaking force and couple on an engine frame given specifications of the engine's cylinders, stroke, speed, and pressure. Problem 2 asks to determine the balance mass and unbalanced force and couple at different crank positions for an engine with given reciprocating and revolving masses. Problem 3 involves constructing firing order charts for 3-cylinder 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines. Problem 4 asks for the firing order and expression for unbalanced secondary couple of a 5-cylinder 4-stroke engine. Problem 5 involves examining a 5-cylinder engine for balance of primary and secondary forces and couples using force and couple polygons.

Uploaded by

Prakhar shukla
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2020-2021 Odd Semester

Tutorial Sheet 11 MCL111: Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines Balancing-II

1. A single-cylinder horizontal engine has a bore of 30.5 cm, and a stroke 40 cm, and a connecting
rod 80 cm long. The mass of the reciprocating parts is 135 kg. When the piston is at quarter stroke
and is moving downwards, the net pressure on it is 65 N/m2 . If the speed of the engine is 250
rpm, find:

(a) Shaking force on the frame

(b) Shaking Couple on the frame

2. The following data relate to a single-cylinder reciprocating engine;

Mass of reciprocating parts = 40 kg, mass of revolving parts = 30 kg at crank radius, speed= 150
rpm, stoke = 30 mm. If 60% of the reciprocating parts and all the revolving parts are to be
balanced, determine the:

(a) Balance mass required at a radius of 320 mm

(b) Unbalanced force when the crank has turned 45 o from the top dead centre.

(c) What is the shaking couple acting on the frame when the crank has turned 45 o from the top
dead centre.

3.

a a

Fig. 1: Crank Arrangement for three cylinder in-line engine.

The crank arrangement for a three cylinder in-line engine is shown in Fig. 1 where 1  0 o ,
 2  120 o , 3  240 o and the distance between the centerlines of the cylinders is a.
(a) Construct a firing order chart if the engine is to be used as four stroke-cycle and the power
impulses are to occur at equal time intervals.

(b) Assuming four stroke-cycle, construct a tabular form and indicate whether the primary and
secondary forces and moments are balanced.

(c) What is the value of shaking force?

(d) Using the table constructed above, write an expression for the shaking moment in terms of
the crank position 1 of crank 1.

(e) Is the shaking moment a pure couple? Why or Why not?

(f) Solve part (a) of the problem, if the engine is to be used as a two stroke-cycle engine.

4. A four-stroke multi cylinder in-line engine having five cylinders has successive cranks (1, 2, 3…in that
order) angularly spaced at 144o and the distance between the centerlines of the cylinders is a units. The
reciprocating mass for each cylinder is M units, the crank radius is r and connecting rod length is l units.
The crank shaft runs at  .
(a) If the firing takes place at equal intervals of time, what is the firing order? Draw the firing order chart.
(b) Is the secondary couple balanced? If not, write the mathematical expression for the unbalanced
secondary couple.

5. A four-stroke inline engine having five cylinders has the distance between cylinder center lines
as 450 mm. The reciprocating mass for each cylinder is 16 kg, the crank radius is 135 mm and
connecting rod length is 540 mm. The engine runs at 600 rpm and firing takes place at equal
intervals of time.

Examine the engine for balance of primary and secondary forces and couples. Determine the
maximum values of these and the position of the central crank at which these maximum values
occur. Solve by constructing primary and secondary force polygons and couple polygons.

(U. Lon., 1946)

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