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Phys 511-Physics at Nanoscale - Part I - Semester III Tutorial Sheet 4: Optical Properties of Metals and Semiconductors 19 November 2020

This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in a physics tutorial on optical properties of metals and semiconductors. It includes 6 problems related to reflectivity of materials, transmittance of gold films, the Hall coefficient of mercury, modeling electron behavior in silver, absorption by quantum dots under laser illumination, and estimating absorption cross sections of nanowires and quantum dots. Students are instructed to be prepared to discuss these problems in a tutorial session on November 24, 2020.

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प्रियरंजन सिंह राजपूत
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45 views1 page

Phys 511-Physics at Nanoscale - Part I - Semester III Tutorial Sheet 4: Optical Properties of Metals and Semiconductors 19 November 2020

This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in a physics tutorial on optical properties of metals and semiconductors. It includes 6 problems related to reflectivity of materials, transmittance of gold films, the Hall coefficient of mercury, modeling electron behavior in silver, absorption by quantum dots under laser illumination, and estimating absorption cross sections of nanowires and quantum dots. Students are instructed to be prepared to discuss these problems in a tutorial session on November 24, 2020.

Uploaded by

प्रियरंजन सिंह राजपूत
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Phys 511- Physics at Nanoscale – Part I – Semester III

Tutorial Sheet 4: Optical properties of metals and semiconductors


19th November 2020

1. The reflectivity of a material depends on the refractive index. For perpendicular


incidence the reflectivity is given as R = (η-1)2/(η+1)2 where η = n – ik is complex.
(i) Derive the expression for R in terms of 1 and 2.
(ii) Show that for low frequencies R = 1- 4(o/o) (Hagen and Rubens relation)
where o is the dc conductivity.
(iii) Estimate the reflectivity of Silver at  ~ 1013 s-1 whose dc resistivity at room
temperature is 1.5 x 10-6 Ωcm.

2. A piece of glass of thickness d = 1 cm was used to measure the transmittance of light.


Transmittivity of 90% was measured at a wavelength of 590 nm. Is it possible to obtain
such high transmittance with a gold film? If so what will be the thickness of the gold
film?

3. The Hall coefficient for mercury (Hg) at room temperature is -7.6 x 10 -11 m3/C. At
what wavelength does this metal lose its high reflectivity?[

4. Silver contains 0.5 x 1023 free electrons per cubic cm. Estimate the damping frequency
νdamp and plasma frequency νplasma. The resistivity of silver is 1.5 x 10-6 Ω cm. Write a
program to plot 1 and 2 as a function of frequency for the case of free electrons with
damping. (Ref: Electronic Properties of materials, Rolf E Hummel, chapter 11)

5. A 3 nm radius quantum dot with an absorption cross section of 1.5 x 10 -14 cm2 at 350
nm is illuminated with a laser light. What should be the intensity of the laser source for
producing one electron-hole pair, given the excited state lifetime to be 20 x 10 -9 sec?

6. Cadmium Telluride nanowire (NW) of 10 nm diameter and 1m embedded in a matrix


of dielectric constant m = 2. 2 and refractive index nm = 1.5. Estimate the absorption
cross section NW () of the nanowire given the following optical parameters: s = 6.72 +
i2.31, ns = 2.63 and ks = 0.44 when exposed to a monochromatic light of 488 nm. Using
the same optical parameters of the semiconductor and the surrounding matrix, estimate
QD () of a quantum dot (QD) of diameter 10 nm.(Ref: Introductory Nanoscience,
Masaru Kuno, Chapter 5)

Be ready for the tutorial session on 24th November 2020.

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