U ECE 529

I Installing ATP: Lecture 4

 Minimum to Download
» Mingw version of ATP
» ATPDraw -- latest version or latest patch
– Presently Atpdraw68.zip
» PlotXY
 Installation complete set is a little tricky
 Option: ATP Easy Installer
» Download from secure sites in Japan

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 1 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Analyzing Transients
Lecture 4

 Understand the transient you want to model

 Good data to form detailed models
» Not trivial to get
 Need mathematical model of the system
» Appropriate for the transient you are studying
» Classification of transient important first step

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 2 Spring 2019

1
U ECE 529

I Installing ATPDraw
Lecture 4

 Installation is fairly easy

 Avoid installation path “Program Files”
 The space in the file name can create
problems running ATP from ATPDraw
» Install it somewhere else. I normally install in
“C:\tools\prog\ATPDraw”

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 3 Spring 2019

U Running ATP from ECE 529

I ATPDraw
Lecture 4

 Still need a copy of ATP

 Licensed users can get other versions
 Follow installation directions for yours
 ATPDraw calls ATP from a DOS Batch
file (extension *.bat)
» For example, I call it “RUNATP.BAT”
 Passes full path to file when calls ATP
 Easy Installer Creates *.EXE file
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 4 Spring 2019

2
U ECE 529

I Sample Batch File

Lecture 4

 The following batch file is for Ming32 ATP

SET GNUDIR=C:\tools\prog\atp\
SET PATH=C:\tools\prog\atp;"%PATH%”
tpbig both %1 s -r

The first line defines variable GNUDIR

» Different ATP versions use different name
» Sets program working environment
» The final “\” is important

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 5 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Sample Batch File (cont.) Lecture 4

 Second line adds executable to your search

path (not needed if set this at boot time)
 The next line calls ATP itself
» tpbig both %1 s -R
– “both” tells program to write error messages to screen
and to file (useful for debugging)
– Could also set “disk” to only do disk file or leave blank
for no message
– First “%1” is input data file from ATPDraw

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 6 Spring 2019

3
U ECE 529

I Sample Batch File (cont.) Lecture 4

– The “s” is to create appropriate output file.

– “-R” tells ATP overwrite existing output file if one
exists
 This bat file will let you run ATP, and all of
the support program (line constants etc)

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 7 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Setting Up ATPDraw
Lecture 4

 Open up ATPDraw
 Select: “Tools” pull down menu
 Select: “Options...”
 Choose “Preferences” tab
» You select a text editor, or use Notepad (default)
» “ATP” is where you set path to your batch file
 Armafit: which we won’t cover in this course

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 8 Spring 2019

4
U ECE 529

I ATPDraw “Preferences”
Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 9 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Further Settings Lecture 4

 The “Files&Folders” tab settings are ok

 However, you do want changes in the
View/ATP tab
» Select “Edit settings” tab
» You may want to change
some of the default
settings. However, you
can change any of these
for a specific data file

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 10 Spring 2019

5
U ECE 529

I Simulation Settings Lecture 4

 Default time step (deltaT)

is very small
 Default run time short
 Xopt and Copt ok
 Select “Power Frequency”
» Reset to 60 Hz from 50Hz
» Can mess up some sources

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 11 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Output Settings Lecture 4

 Probably don’t need the

selected “Printout”
options for most cases
 Slow down the program
somewhat
 Plot frequency should be
low and odd.

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 12 Spring 2019

6
U ECE 529

I Other Settings Lecture 4

 Switch/UM settings ok for most cases (are

for statistical studies only)
 Load flow controls controls how the load
flow initialization is run
 Variables: Use can define parameters
here and pass them different components
» Or control them with Pocket Calculator option
» See help file for more info

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 13 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Saving New Settings Lecture 4

 The “Save” or “Apply” buttons aren’t

sufficient to permanently save change
 Also choose: Tools --> Save Options
 These are all saved into a file called
ATPDraw.ini
» Typically saved in user’s settings
» Could put copy in the directory with
ATPDraw.exe

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 14 Spring 2019

7
U ECE 529

I Other Settings Lecture 4

 To set other plotting programs or other post

processing options you need to open a file
» Either select the “File|Open” sequence of click on
the icon
» Initial default is the Examples directory, after that
it is the last directory worked in.
» For now, choose example “Exa_1.adp” (*.adp
represents the drawing files).

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 15 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Example 1 Lecture 4

 Try to run
example case
to make sure
program
installed and
set up
correctly

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 16 Spring 2019

8
U ECE 529

I ATP Menu Lecture 4

 A new pulldown menu is now available at

the top of the window, called “ATP”

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 17 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I ATP Menu Lecture 4

 Settings is changes deltaT

etc. for a given case
 “Make File As” generates
ATP data file from drawing
 Run ATP calls your bat file
 Each “Edit” calls text editor
 Make Names, makes node
names for drawing
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 18 Spring 2019

9
U ECE 529

I Edit Commands Lecture 4

 Allows you to set

additional commands
 Run other ATP versions
» On Current ATP drawing
» On Selected File
 Run plot programs
» On Current PL4
 Use “Update” to set
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 19 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Saving New Settings Lecture 4

 The “Update” buttons isn’t sufficient to

save for next time
 All choose: Tools --> Save Options

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 20 Spring 2019

10
U ECE 529

I Running an ATP File Lecture 4

 Now we run the example case opened earlier

 Always a multi-step process
» 1) Make file to create ATP data file from drawing.
– Must do this every time you change drawing
– Default is to place this in “ATP” subdirectory under
ATPDraw home directory (with extension *.ATP)
– Can edit this file with “Edit ATP-File” option (not saved
to drawing file)
» 2) Run your case
» 3) Call plotting program
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 21 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Running an ATP File Lecture 4

 The drawing file saved separately (save often)

 Remember to save your changes often
 Default is to save this in the “Project”
subdirectory under ATPDraw
 Note that if want to save elsewhere, need to
select a new home for both ADP and ATP files
» PL4 and *.lis (or *.out depending on version) are
written to same directory at *.ATP file
» Need to cleanup directories periodically
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 22 Spring 2019

11
U ECE 529

I Making You Own File Lecture 4

 Open a new drawing (from File

menu or from icon)
 Can get the component menu by
right clicking mouse in the
drawing screen
 Each item lets you select
components to create
 More later….
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 23 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Associated Files Lecture 4

 Input Datafile (text file)

» Extension options: *.dat or *.atp (ATPDraw)
» Avoid File Names With Spaces
 Plot Datafile (formatted ASCII)
» Extension *.PL4
 Text Output File (plain text)
» Extension: *.LIS Error Messages in this file

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 24 Spring 2019

12
U ECE 529

I Associated Files (cont) Lecture 4

 ATPDraw Schematic File

» Extension: *.acp (or *.adp for older versions)
 Supplement Include File
» Use modular programs
» Examples: Line constants output, subsystems
» Extension options: *.pch, *.pun, *.lib

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 25 Spring 2019

U Creating a File: Text ECE 529

I Based Lecture 4

 Use fixed width fonts with your text editor

» If use MS-Word or Word-Pad make sure use Courier
 Plain text editor better option
» Best if it provides column number
 ATP versions do not perform type checking, use
all upper case letters for variables
 Column alignment is very important
 The ATP rule book refers to individual lines as
data cards
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 26 Spring 2019

13
U ECE 529

I Sample File Lecture 4

C Brian K. Johnson
C Simulation for problem 3.11 in Greenwood
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C ........................... Miscellaneous data ..............................
C DeltaT<---TMax<---XOpt<---COpt<-Epsiln<-TolMat<-TStart
5.0E-5 0.1
C --IOut<--IPlot<-IDoubl<-KSSOut<-MaxOut<---IPun<-MemSav<---ICat<-NEnerg<-IPrSup
500 1 1
C
C ........................... Circuit data ...................................
C Bus1->Bus2->Bus3->Bus4-><----R<----L<----C
VS V1 0.149 4.73
BLANK ends circuit data
C
C ........................... Switch data ....................................
C ***** Close at 160 degrees, or 70 degrees past peak ********
C Bus-->Bus--><---Tclose<----Topen<-------Ie O
V1 0.02407 999. 1
BLANK ends switch data
C

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 27 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Sample File (cont.) Lecture 4

C ...........................Source data ......................................

C Bus--><I<Amplitude<Frequency<--T0|Phi0<---0=Phi0 <----Tstart<----Tstop
14VS 28.16913E3 60. -90. 0. -1. 9999.
BLANK ends source data
C
C ........................... Output Request Data ............................
C Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->
V1 VS
BLANK ends output requests
BLANK ends plot request
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
BLANK ends all cases

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 28 Spring 2019

14
U ECE 529

I Sections of the Datafile Lecture 4

 An ATP datafile must at a minimum have the

following sections
» Header/Miscellaneous Data Cards
» Circuit Data
» Switch Data
» Source Data
» Output request data
» Plot request data

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 29 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Sections of the Datafile Lecture 4

 End of section marked with “BLANK” starting in

column 1
» Rest of the card is comment
» An accidental blank line in data file is treated as end
of section – fix in startup file discussed earlier
 Graphical interfaces such as ATPDraw insulate
user from needing to work at this level
 Still useful to know what is going on at this level
» For Debugging
» If someone sends you an older file
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 30 Spring 2019

15
U ECE 529

I Comment Cards Lecture 4

 Good practice to have comments in the file

 Comments start with a “C” in column 1 and a blank in
column 2
C *****************************
C * This is a sample comment *
C *****************************

 ATP allows “in-line” comments. Place comment

between “{ and }’”
 Make sure that you don't block useful data fields

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 31 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Comment Cards (cont.) Lecture 4

 User can also treat a block of code between keywords

$DISABLE and $ENABLE
$DISABLE
all lines in between keywords are ignored
$ENABLE

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 32 Spring 2019

16
U ECE 529

I Making You Own File Lecture 4

 Set deltaT and Tmax!!!

 Open a new drawing (from File
menu or from icon)
 Can get the component menu by
right clicking mouse in the
drawing screen
 Each item lets you select
components to create
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 33 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Linear Branches Lecture 4

 These are the basic circuit

elements
 Single phase and three phase
options
 C:U(0) and L:I(0) are capacitor
and inductor with voltage/current
initial conditions
 Note ATPDraw uses U for voltage
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 34 Spring 2019

17
U ECE 529

I Operating on component Lecture 4

 Once you select a component you can rotate

it by single clicking the right mouse button on
it and selecting direction to rotate.
» Use to structure your drawing more nicely
» This also selects polarity for branch outputs
 Double-click left button to open a window to
edit values (or right click and select “open”)

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 35 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Resistor Dialog Box Lecture 4

 Set value for resistance

in Ohms
 Node names not set
 Can add comment
 $Vintage,1 sets high
precision numbers
 Can set number of
phases
 Edit definitions: allows
redefine model-
advanced feature
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 36 Spring 2019

18
U ECE 529

I Resistor Dialog Box Lecture 4

 Set branch output:

 Comments
» For file
» For drawing

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 37 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Inductor Lecture 4

 L is in mH unless you
have set Xopt to a
frequency
 Label creates a label on
the drawing next to the
component
 Help menus are pretty
good
 Kp numerical oscillation
damping constant
» Adds parallel resistor
» More on that later
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 38 Spring 2019

19
U ECE 529

I Capacitor Lecture 4

 Capacitance is in
microFarads unless
Copt set
 Note program sets a
default value to prevent
errors if you randomly
connect nodes
 Ks numerical oscillation
damping constant
» Adds series resistor
» More on that later

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 39 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I RLC Lecture 4

 RLC lets you set

R, L, and C or
any combination
 Creates same
data card as R,
L, or C alone, but
lets you do all
fields
 Series RLC
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 40 Spring 2019

20
U ECE 529

I 3 Phase RLC Lecture 4

 Can choose a
series 3 phase
RLC
 Options include
Y connected
 and Delta
connected

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 41 Spring 2019

U Capacitor with Initial ECE 529

I Voltage Value U(0)

+
Lecture 4

 Still set value

for C
 Also set positive
and negative
voltage relative
to ground at
T=0
 Will be useful
for homework
#1

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 42 Spring 2019

21
U Inductor with Initial ECE 529

I Current Value +
i(0) Lecture 4

 Still set value

for L
 Plus the
current at T=0

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 43 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Switch Pop Up Menu Lecture 4

 In most cases you will use a time

controlled switch (single or three
phase)
 Measuring Switches (always
closed)
 TACS controlled switches

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 44 Spring 2019

22
U ECE 529

I Time Controlled Switch Lecture 4

 Set T_close I

 Set T_open
» T_open must be
larger than T_close
 Imar is absolute
value of current it
will interrupt
 Can select outputs

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 45 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Time Controlled Switch Lecture 4

 Can also set a

time sequence for
repeated
open/close
operations.
 Up to 16

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 46 Spring 2019

23
U ECE 529

I Three Phase Switch Lecture 4

 Individual
timing for
each phase
 No reclose
characteristic

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 47 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Measuring Switch Lecture 4

 No fields to
set, but you
must select
“Current”
output M

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 48 Spring 2019

24
U ECE 529

I Source Pop Up Menu Lecture 4

 Allows you to create ATPDraw 5.5- ATPDraw 5.6+

ordinary sources
 Machines and TACS
controlled sources on
other pop-up menus
 Most of these sources
are referenced to
ground

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 49 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Type 11 Source Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 50 Spring 2019

25
U Version 5.6+ AC source ECE 529

I (1&3 phase)
Lecture 4

1 ph voltage 3 ph current
source source

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 51 Spring 2019

U Single Phase AC Source ECE 529

I (ATPDraw 5.5 or earlier)

Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 52 Spring 2019

26
U Three Phase AC Source ECE 529

I (ATPDraw 5.5 or earlier)

Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 53 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I AC or DC Floating Source
Lecture 4

 AC source implemented
using the Ideal
Transformer Component
 Frequency default is
50Hz unless you change
default power frequency
in settings menu
 Better to use a Norton
equivalent to create
ungrounded (as dc does)
+

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 54 Spring 2019

27
U ECE 529

I Creating a Circuit Lecture 4

 Components are
highlighted in red until you
edit values
 Can connect components
together by dragging left
mouse button between
nodes and then clicking on
finishing node
 1 Ph or 3 Ph on context
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 55 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Selecting Node Names Lecture 4

 Double click left button to

get node data window
 Type node name in SWT
» 6 characters max
» ALL CAPS or numbers or
will have errors
 Can ground the node
» Name won’t matter
» Ground symbol will appear
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 56 Spring 2019

28
U ECE 529

I Selecting Node Names Lecture 4

 Can choose to Display name on the screen

 If you have a connection between nodes, all
nodes will get a name you assigned when
use “Sub-process > Make Node Names” or
“Make ATP File”
» ATPDraw assigns names if you don’t (XX0001,
etc)

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 57 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Building a System Lecture 4

 Can also
copy your
components
 Remembers
output
requests and
values
 Need to
enter new
names

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 58 Spring 2019

29
U ECE 529

I Probes and 3 Phase Lecture 4

 Menu for voltage and

current measurements
 “Probe Volt” is line to
ground voltage
 “Probe Branch Volt
“puts in dummy branch
as does “probe curr”
 Select 1 or 3 ph
V

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 59 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I ATPDraw ATP Data File Lecture 4

 File itself is less readable:

BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C --------------------------------------------------------
C Generated by ATPDRAW January, Wednesday 23, 2008
C A Bonneville Power Administration program
C by H. K. Høidalen at SEfAS/NTNU - NORWAY 1994-2006
C --------------------------------------------------------
C dT >< Tmax >< Xopt >< Copt >
5.E-5 .1
500 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C 345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
/BRANCH
C < n1 >< n2 ><ref1><ref2>< R >< L >< C >
C < n1 >< n2 ><ref1><ref2>< R >< A >< B ><Leng><><>0
VS RL .149 0
RL LV 4.73 0

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 60 Spring 2019

30
U ECE 529

I ATPDraw ATP Data File Lecture 4

/SWITCH
C < n 1>< n 2>< Tclose ><Top/Tde >< Ie ><Vf/CLOP >< type >
LV .02407 1.E3 1
/SOURCE
C < n 1><>< Ampl. >< Freq. ><Phase/T0>< A1 >< T1 >< TSTART >< TSTOP >
14VS 0 28169. 60. -90. -1. 1.E3
/OUTPUT
VS
BLANK BRANCH
BLANK SWITCH
BLANK SOURCE
BLANK OUTPUT
BLANK PLOT
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
BLANK

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 61 Spring 2019

U When handing in ECE 529

I homework assignments
Lecture 4

 Include any hand calculations you did to set up

the problem
 Include circuit diagram
 Include text from the *.atp file
 Include simulation plots
» Zoom in on key results
» Capture key numbers
» Interpretation of the results matters!
 See examples in upcoming lectures
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 62 Spring 2019

31
U Lumped Parameter Lines: ECE 529

I ATP
Lecture 4

 All three model coupled

branches
 Can do varying number
of phases (up to 6)
 Can do several hundred
phases when create by
hand

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 63 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Coupled PI: ATP

Lecture 4

 Good for short lines

or cables
 Often need 10
segments for
accurate line model
 Enter the matrix
data in the menu
 Notice the scroll bar

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 64 Spring 2019

32
U ECE 529

I Coupled RL: ATP

Lecture 4

 Enter using coupled-pi

 Don’t enter capacitance values
 Use for network equivalent
 Up to 6 phases (coupled lines)

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 65 Spring 2019

U Coupled RL-Symmetrical ECE 529

I Component Equivalent Lecture 4

 Variation on
coupled-RL
 Now do a
symmetrical
components
equivalent
 Positive and
zero sequence

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 66 Spring 2019

33
U Distributed Parameter ECE 529

I Lines: ATP
Lecture 4

 Transposed or untranposed options

 Transposed options listed here
 Fewer options for the untranposed

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 67 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Transposed Line: ATP

Lecture 4

 Can enter the valid

fields:
» Modal resistance
per length
» Modal L’C’ or
» Modal Zc and v or
» Modal Zc tau

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 68 Spring 2019

34
U ECE 529

I Untranposed Line: ATP

Lecture 4

 Can enter the valid

fields:
» Resistance/length
» A, B for modes
» Length
» ILINE controls A,B
» Transformation
matrix

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 69 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Finding Line Data

Lecture 4

 The line constants routine starts out from

physical data concerning line
» Tower configuration
» Conductor sizes
» Resistivity of earth
» Bundling
» Transposition
» Set frequency or range for frequency sweep

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 70 Spring 2019

35
U ATPDraw Line Constants ECE 529

I Program
Lecture 4

 ATPDraw will let user call the

line constants program
 User determines number of
phases
 Can do constant frequency
parameter and frequency
dependent
 Connect line model into circuit
schematic LCC

100. km

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 71 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Overhead Line Lecture 4

 If skin effect is check

LCC performs
computation
» Otherwise user provides
data
 Segmented ground
 Real transformation
better for transients
 Model type
» Bergeron and pi for now
 Save as to save line
model data
 Can import *.alc file with
line data
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 72 Spring 2019

36
U ECE 529

I Conductor Data Lecture 4

 Add row to add

additional conductors
» Phase 0 ground wires
» If don’t auto bundle
will need 2 or 3 per
phase
 Run ATP to create data
file entry at module
» Will run automatically
if try to run a case
 View lets you see
physical layout
 Verify analyzes
frequency response of
the model
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 73 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Node Names Lecture 4

 Can also assigned the

node names in this
LCC dialog
 Not recommended in
most cases, assign
name in the drawing
instead.

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 74 Spring 2019

37
U ECE 529

I Coupled Pi Output Lecture 4

 Can request printed

output to text file
» Can use this to
collect matrix data
to analysis in other
programs
» Ze is equivalent 3x3
» Zs is symmetrical
components
» Z calculated at
initial frequency

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 75 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Example Case Lecture 4

 If number of phases
is multiple of 3
ATPDraw assumes
double or triple circuit
line
LCC LCC

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 76 Spring 2019

38
U ECE 529

I Example Case Lecture 4

 Skin effect option was

chosen
 So enter inner and
outer radius
 DC resistance
 If Vtower = Vmid
assumes no sag!
 H = 2/3Vmid + 1/3Vtow
 To add ground wires
use add row
 Also add row if want to
enter each bundled
conductor separately.

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 77 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Example Case: View Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 78 Spring 2019

39
U ECE 529

I Example Case: Verify Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 79 Spring 2019

U What is Needed in ECE 529

I Transformer Models? Lecture 4

 Amount of detail depends on frequency

of desired response
 Power flow stability often just model
leakage, perhaps winding resistance
» Tap changing
» Perhaps wye-delta phase shift

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 80 Spring 2019

40
U What is Needed in ECE 529

I Transformer Models? Lecture 4

 Fault studies require more information

» Connection info
– wye
– delta
– zig-zag
– autotransformer
– etc.
» Grounding
» Possible impact of tertiary
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 81 Spring 2019

U Low Frequency ECE 529

I Transients Lecture 4

 Similar modeling info to fault programs

» Connection information more important
 Magnetizing branch
» Saturation
 Core loss term
 Not using per unit
» Need to include turns ratio
» Divide leakage L, winding R between windings
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 82 Spring 2019

41
U Single Phase ECE 529

I Equivalent Circuit Lecture 4

 Winding resistance
 Leakage inductance
 Core loss--total losses
 Non-linear inductor model for magnetizing
branch
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 83 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I ATP Options Lecture 4

 Ideal transformer component

 Saturable transformer component
 BCTran -- preprocessor that converts
description of transformer to coupled RL
 Can also create manually using coupled RL
branches

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 84 Spring 2019

42
U Ideal transformer ECE 529

I component Lecture 4

 Combines ideal transformer with ideal

source
» Simply enter transformation ratio
» Can be used to implement floating source too
» Uses frequency from basic ATPDraw settings
– Need to make sure this matches system frequency
– Setting “Branch = 0” forces ATP to use this
frequency
– “Branch = 1” can avoid this (Vm=1E-20)

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 85 Spring 2019

U Accessing Transformer ECE 529

I Models Lecture 4

 Note that three

phase and single
phase options

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 86 Spring 2019

43
U ECE 529

I Dialog box Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 87 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Text Entry Lecture 4

C ...........................Source data ......................................

C Bus--><I<Amplitude<Frequency<--T0|Phi0<---0=Phi0 <----Tstart<----Tstop
14NodeJ
C NodeL><-|---n----><NodeK<NodeM<NodeX
18

 The 18 card need to follow the 14

 Node X can be used for current measurement

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 88 Spring 2019

44
U ECE 529

I Adding R, L Terms Lecture 4

 The balance of the regular transformer

model can be created by:
» Adding external R, L for series terms
» Shunt resistor for core loss term
» Saturable inductor component for Lm
 Create winding connections externally
 Can also add capacitance

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 89 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Limitations Lecture 4

 Limited to two winding transformers

 It is very easy to create numerical
problems in the simulation with the ideal
transformer

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 90 Spring 2019

45
U ECE 529

I Saturable Transformer Lecture 4

 Model has built-in circuit elements

» Winding resistance
» Leakage inductance (can’t enter 0)
» Core loss resistance
» Magnetizing branch
– not entered as an L in mH
» Can set all except leakage to 0 to simplify
» Enter winding to winding ratios

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 91 Spring 2019

U Single Phase Saturable ECE 529

I Base Attributes Lecture 4

 Io, Fo are steady-state

point on saturation
characteristic for initial Lm
 RMS = 0 or 1: determines
how the saturation
characteristic is entered.
 Output is information about
mangetization branch

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 92 Spring 2019

46
U ECE 529

I Saturation Characteristic Lecture 4

 If RMS = 0, this is current

versus flux
 If RMS = 1, this is RMS
current versus RMS
voltage at frequency of
first source in the system
 The 0,0 point is assumed
by the program
 Up to 10 points can be
entered
» Better to limit to 3-5

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 93 Spring 2019

U Viewing The Saturation ECE 529

I Characteristic Lecture 4

 If RMS = 0, this is current

versus flux
 If RMS = 1, this is RMS
current versus RMS voltage at
frequency of first source in the
system
 The 0,0 point is assumed by
the program
 Up to 10 points can be
entered
» Better to limit to 3-5 for better
numerical behavior
» Does not include hysteresis

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 94 Spring 2019

47
U ECE 529

I Three Phase Model Lecture 4

 Icon changes with the connection type. Here

is three winding with all WYE

 Here is 2 winding with delta-wye

 Note that there is a point to connect to

measure magnetizing branch voltage

 Three leg core option

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 95 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Three Phase Model Lecture 4

 Enter data for each

winding
 Select Y, D, or Zig-zag
 Three leg option here,
but better to use
specific case from pull-
down menu.

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 96 Spring 2019

48
U Three Phase Model- ECE 529

I Three Leg Core Lecture 4

 Option to model
homopolar reluctance
» Saturable-Three Leg
 Much additional
information needed.
 See help menu.

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 97 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I BCTRAN Interface
Lecture 4

 Produces coupled
RL model
 Based on SC and
OC test data
» Linear Lm
internally
» Need to add
external
nonlinear
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 98 Spring 2019

49
U ECE 529

I Additional BC Tran Data Lecture 4

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 99 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Nonlinear Devices Lecture 4

 Models for resistors and

inductors
» Differ model implementation
 The Type 98 and Type 93
inductors do not include
hysteresis
» Same user data as
saturation in saturable xfmr
» Set with initial conditions
Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 100 Spring 2019

50
U Type 96 reactor with ECE 529

I hysteresis Lecture 4

 Option to enter
residual flux along
with steady-state

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 101 Spring 2019

U ECE 529

I Example Lecture 4

SRC1

 Transformer with
SRC2

saturation U
SRC B12 B13

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 102 Spring 2019

51
U Results from increasing ECE 529

I voltage Lecture 4

200
[V ]
150

100

50

-50

-100
6
-150
[mA ]

-200 4
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 [s] 0.10
(f ile Exam pl1.pl4; x-v ar t) v :B13 v :B12

-2

-4

-6
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 [s] 0.10
(f ile Exam pl1.pl4; x-v ar t) c :SR C -B12

Intro to ATP and ATPDraw 103 Spring 2019

52