ASSOSA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHINOLOGY
Course Title: Basic Research Method in IT
Research proposal on cloud computing
Prepared by group 2 and group 15

Name ID

1. Workalem Misganaw…….RU/1666/09
2. Hulgize Bitew …………….RU/0995/09
3. Melkamu Kase……………RU/1251/09
4. Meseret Girma……………RU/2525/09
5. Weynshet Getachew………RU/2186/09
6. Nurlign Yitbarek ………..RU/1020/09

Date of Submission:-03/ 03/ 2012 E.C

Submitted to:- Dr Melkamw.D

Assosa:-ethiopia
Contents
1. Introduction to Cloud Computing........................................................................................................1
1.1 Statement of the problem.......................................................................................................................2
1.2 Research questions................................................................................................................................2
1.3 Objective of cloud computing................................................................................................................3
1.4 Literature Review..................................................................................................................................3
1.5 Rationale and significance.....................................................................................................................4
1.6 Delimitations and limitations.................................................................................................................5
1.6.1 Delimitations of cloud computing...................................................................................................5
1.6.2 Limitation of cloud computing.......................................................................................................6
1.7 Research design and methods................................................................................................................7
1.7.1 Data collection methodology..........................................................................................................7
1.8 Availability of resources........................................................................................................................7
1.8.1 Hardware tools................................................................................................................................7
1.8.2 Software tools.................................................................................................................................8
1.9 Work schedule.......................................................................................................................................8
1.10 Proposed contents................................................................................................................................8
1.11 References and bibliograph.................................................................................................................9

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List of figure

Figure 1Cloud computing............................................................................................................................4

Figure 2schedule........................................................................................................................................10

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 1. Introduction to Cloud Computing

“What’s the cloud?”  “Where is the cloud?”  “Are we in the cloud now?!” These are all questions
you’ve probably heard or even asked yourself. Now new trend in IT is Cloud computing.

In the simplest terms, cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over
the Internet instead of your computer’s hard drive.

Cloud computing consists of three distinct types of computing services delivered remotely to
clients via the internet. Clients typically pay a monthly or annual service fee to providers, to gain
access to systems that deliver software as a service, platforms as a service and infrastructure as a
service to subscribers. Clients who subscribe to cloud computing services can reap a variety of
benefits, depending on their particular business needs at a given point in time. The days of large
capital investments in software and IT infrastructure are now a thing of the past for any
enterprise that chooses to adopt the cloud computing model for procurement of IT services. The
ability to access powerful IT resources on an incremental basis is leveling the playing field for
small and medium sized organizations, providing them with the necessary tools and technology
to compete in the global marketplace, without the previously requisite investment in on premise
IT resources. Clients who subscribe to computing services delivered via the “cloud” are able to
greatly reduce the IT service expenditures for their organizations; and gain access to more agile
and flexible enterprise level computing services, in the process.

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Figure 1Cloud computing

1.1 Statement of the problem

 High cost
 Limited access
 Complicated environment: the transaction process
 Risk security
 Rigidity/inflexibility
 Poor communication
 Lack of mobility
 Limited technical support

1.2 Research questions

1. What are the different layers in cloud computing? Explain working of them.
2. What are the different models for deployment in cloud computing?
3. What are the advantages of cloud services?

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1.3 Objective of cloud computing

To create a highly efficient IT ecosystem where (i) resources are pooled together and (II)
costs are aligned as per usage.
To scale IT ecosystem quickly, easily and cost effectively as per business needs.
To consolidate IT ecosystem into more integrated and manageable environment
To enable provision for resources as per requirement
To reduce cost of IT power consumption
To access service and data from anywhere and at any time. To improve ‘anywhere
access’s for every increasing user.

1.4 Literature Review

The phenomenon of cloud computing has its genesis in other technologies, namely the grid,
parallel and distributed systems, virtualization, multi-core chips, and Internet technologies
(Buyya et al., 2009). Features that distinguish cloud computing from related technologies are on-
demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured
service (Buyya, Broberg, & Goscinski, 2011). There is still not a standard definition of cloud
computing but both academics and industry players are making significant strides to bring to
bear a standard definition of the technology. An attempt by Buyya et al., (2009) define cloud
computing as “a parallel and distributed computing system consisting of a collection of inter-
connected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or
more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through
negotiation between the service provider and consumers.” According to the United States
National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) “cloud computing is a model for
enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider
interaction” (Mell & Grance, 2011). In this study, cloud computing is defined as the delivery of
IT infrastructure and applications as a service on-demand to individuals and organizations via
Internet platforms (Senyo et al., 2016). The types of service models that have emerged under
cloud computing technology are Softwareas-a-Service (SaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) (Zissis & Lekkas, 2012). SaaS is a cloud computing model
where applications reside on the cloud infrastructure of service providers and are delivered to
users through web interfaces and programs. The main notion behind SaaS is to eliminate the
practice of applications residing locally on devices of individual user as the computing powers of
these individual devices cannot be leveraged to provide high computing efficiency and

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performance to users. Cloud computing is believed to have built its genesis from Software as a
Service (Mell & Grance, 2011). PaaS is a service model which offers users a platform to build
and run applications through a programming interface provided and supported by cloud service
providers (Marston, Li, 4 Bandyopadhyay, Zhang, & Ghalsasi, 2011). Therefore, the issues of
scalability, high server speed and storage capacities are addressed under PaaS. Hence, PaaS users
can build, run, and deploy their own applications using remote IT platforms. However, users do
not have absolute control over the core cloud platforms such as servers, operating systems or
storage (Sultan, 2010). Under IaaS, cloud service providers supply a range of virtual
infrastructures such as virtual servers, storage and other fundamental computing resources to
users which enable them deploy and run their own operating system, applications, upload or
download software or files into the cloud (Mateescu, Gentzsch, & Ribbens, 2011). Under the
IaaS model, users have control over the arbitrary software and applications they have deployed
into the cloud but have limited control over the virtual infrastructure provided by the cloud
service provider. The cloud service models are deployed to users through four main delivery
models based on needed control, number of users, security, and privacy needs. These cloud
service delivery models are public, private, hybrid and community clouds (Hsu, Ray, & Li-
Hsieh, 2014; Mouratidis, Islam, Kalloniatis, & Gritzalis, 2013). The public cloud is where a third
party owns all the physical resources and then provides cloud services to multiple users over the
Internet. The users that are served by the cloud service provider ranges from individuals to
corporate organizations (Mell & Grance, 2011). Under the private cloud deployment, the cloud
service is offered solely to a specific organization. The private deployment is mostly necessitated
by the desire to take full control of corporate data, security guidelines and system performance.
Though an organization can fully deploy its own cloud services, a third party organization can
also be contracted to manage the deployment on its behalf. Additionally, the cloud services may
reside off or on the premises of the organization (Zissis & Lekkas, 2012). A community cloud
deployment is where cloud services are offered to a specific group of organizations having
similar mission, security requirements, policy and compliance conditions (Marston et al., 2011).
The community cloud deployment is seen as a generalization of the private cloud thus, has more
than one organization in the deployment. The result of a merger between different cloud
deployment models such as private, public and community is termed as the hybrid cloud
deployment (Mateescu et al., 2011). Although these different deployments are merged together,
they remain unique on their own but are held as one through proprietary technology and
standards that enable application and data operability. The hybrid cloud combines the advantages
and disadvantages of private, public and community cloud 5 deployment hence, is regarded as an
ideal model when organizations are torn between issues of control and cost.

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1.5 Rationale and significance

As we have seen numerous points of interest in Cloud computing. Different

organizations are embracing this innovation to turn out to be increasingly proficient
and decrease costs. For people, this skill is essential to begin a decent position in IT.
For IT experts, this ability can upgrade their learning and experience and that will bring
about profession advancement.

For a business, Cloud computing can likewise give numerous advantages. It can
decrease the cost of server establishment and support. It can build productivity. It can
produce more income. It can extra time for different undertakings. It can expand the
versatility that will build the reaction rate.

 Fresh Software - Immediate upgrades put new features and functionality into workers’
hands to make them more productive.
 Do more with less – The reduction in numbers of servers, data centers, software cost,
and the number of staff can significantly reduce IT costs without impacting an
organization’s IT capabilities.
 Flexible costs - The cost of cloud computing is flexible than traditional methods.
Companies pay only for server and infrastructure capacity.
 Always-on availability - The connection is always on and as long as workers have an
Internet connection, they can get to the applications they need from practically
anywhere.
 Improved mobility - Data and applications are available to employees no matter where
they are in the world. Workers can take their work anywhere via smart phones and
tablets.
 Improved collaboration - Cloud applications improve collaboration by allowing groups
of people to meet virtually and easily share information in real time.
 Cloud computing is more cost effective
 Flexible capacity - Cloud is the flexible facility that can be turned up, down or off
depending upon circumstances.

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  Less environmental impact

1.6 Delimitations and limitations

1.6.1 Delimitations of cloud computing

There are various advantages of cloud computing technology. The important advantages of cloud
computing are given below.

1) Lower cost computer for users

In cloud, you don't require a high-powered (and accordingly high-priced) computer to run cloud
computing's web based applications because applications run on cloud not on desktop PC or
laptop.

2) Lower IT infrastructure cost

By using cloud computing, you need not to invest in larger numbers of more powerful servers,
you also need not to require the IT staff for handling such powerful servers.

3) Fewer maintenance cost

The maintenance cost in cloud computing greatly reduces both hardware and software
maintenance for organizations of all sizes.

4) Lower Software Cost

It reduces the software cost because you don't need to purchase separate software packages for
each computer in the organization.

5) Instant software updates

Another software-related advantage in cloud computing is that users don't need to face with the
choice between obsolete software and high upgrade costs. If the app is web-based, updates
happen automatically and are available next time when the user logs in to the cloud.

6) Increased computing Power

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The execution capacity of cloud servers is very high. It processes the application very fast.

7) Unlimited storage capacity

Cloud offers you a huge amount of storage capacity like 2000 GB or more than that if required.

1.6.2 Limitation of cloud computing

There are various disadvantages of cloud computing technology. The important disadvantages of
cloud computing are given below.

1) Require a constant Internet Connection

Cloud computing is impossible without Internet connection. To access any applications and
documents you need a constant Internet connection.

2) Require High Speed Internet connection

Similarly, a low-speed Internet connection makes cloud computing painful at best and often
impossible. Web based apps often require a lot of bandwidth to download, as need to download
large documents.

3) Stored Data Might Not Be Secure

With cloud computing, all your data is stored in the cloud. That's all well and good, but how
secure is the cloud? Can't unauthorized users gain access to your confidential data?

1.7 Research design and methods

1.7.1 Data collection methodology

There are two types of sources of data. These are primary and secondary. This project uses both
of them. From the primary data source the system uses interview and observation because it can
get new and updated information from the sources.

The secondary data source used for our research is internet

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1.8 Availability of resources

1.8.1 Hardware tools

In our research use the following hardware tools.

 Laptop Computer:- used to access other software.

 Pen:- used to write the drafting of the idea on the paper.
 A4 Sized Paper:-used to organize the idea before writing to computer. This is
used to draft all the idea on the paper and to collect different information from
any sources.
 Flash Disk: - used to store and secure data as back up.

1.8.2 Software tools

Since, there are many software tools for execute our research. This system or project uses listed
below.

 Anti-Virus Software: - used to keep secure, scan, fix Flash Disk and to prevent
data destruction and corruption.
 Microsoft Office:- used to write documentation part of this project.
 E_draw Max: - used to design the diagram of the system or project.
 Windows operating system :- to install and use the required software and make
the hard ware work.

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1.9 Work schedule

Figure 2schedule

1.10 Proposed contents

 Introduction • Rationale and significance
 Statement of the problem • Delimitations and limitations
 Research objectives • Research design and methods
 Research questions • Availability of resources
 Hypotheses/Theses • Work schedule
 Literature review

1.11 References and bibliograph

1. Yang H., and M. Tate. 2012. “A Descriptive Literature Review and Classification of Cloud
Computing Research,” J. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 31(2):35-
60.

2. Abbas A., K. Bilal, L. Zhang, and S. U. Khan. 2015. “A Cloud Based Health Insurance Plan
Recommendation System: A User Centered Approach,” J. Future Generation Computer Systems,
43-44:99-109.

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3. Latif R., H. Abbas, S. Assar, and Q. Ali. 2014. “Cloud Computing Risk Assessment: A
Systematic Literature Review,” J. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 276:285-295.

4. Ali M., S. U. Khan and A. V. Vasilakos. 2015. “Security in Cloud Computing: Opportunities
and Challenges,” J. Information Sciences, 305:357-383.

5. Fernandes D. a B., L. F. B. Soares, J. V. Gomes, M. M. Freire, and P. R. M. Inácio. 2014.

“Security Issues in Cloud Environments: A Survey,” J. International Journal of Information
Security, 13(2):113-170.

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