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Geilo Winter School 2012: Lecture 7: Dynamic Hyperelasticity in Fenics

This document summarizes a lecture on dynamic hyperelasticity modeling and simulation in FEniCS. It introduces the governing equations of motion for dynamic hyperelastic materials and describes how to formulate them as a first-order system and discretize in time using the Crank-Nicolson method. It also reviews useful FEniCS tools for defining mixed function spaces, extracting subfunctions, and time-stepping solutions. The document poses a challenge problem to simulate the deflection of a LEGO brick under gravity and traction loading using the St. Venant-Kirchhoff model.

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110 views10 pages

Geilo Winter School 2012: Lecture 7: Dynamic Hyperelasticity in Fenics

This document summarizes a lecture on dynamic hyperelasticity modeling and simulation in FEniCS. It introduces the governing equations of motion for dynamic hyperelastic materials and describes how to formulate them as a first-order system and discretize in time using the Crank-Nicolson method. It also reviews useful FEniCS tools for defining mixed function spaces, extracting subfunctions, and time-stepping solutions. The document poses a challenge problem to simulate the deflection of a LEGO brick under gravity and traction loading using the St. Venant-Kirchhoff model.

Uploaded by

AMIR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geilo Winter School 2012

Lecture 7: Dynamic hyperelasticity in FEniCS

Anders Logg

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Course outline
Sunday
L1 Introduction to FEM
Monday
L2 Fundamentals of continuum mechanics (I)
L3 Fundamentals of continuum mechanics (II)
L4 Introduction to FEniCS
Tuesday
L5 Solid mechanics
L6 Static hyperelasticity in FEniCS
L7 Dynamic hyperelasticity in FEniCS
Wednesday
L8 Fluid mechanics
L9 Navier–Stokes in FEniCS

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Dynamic hyperelasticity

ρü − div P = B in Ω × (0, T ]


u=g on ΓD × (0, T ]
P ·n=T on ΓN × (0, T ]
u(·, 0) = u0 in Ω
u̇(·, 0) = u1 in Ω

• u is the displacement
• ρ is the (reference) density
• P = P (u) is the first Piola–Kirchoff stress tensor
• B is a given body force per unit volume
• g is a given boundary displacement
• T is a given boundary traction
• u0 and u1 are given initial displacement and velocity
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Variational problem
Rewrite as a first-order system by introducing p = u̇:
ρṗ − div P = B
u̇ − p = 0
Multiply by test functions v and q and sum up:
Z tn Z Z tn Z Z tn Z
(ρṗ−div P )·v dx dt+ (u̇−p)·q dx dt = B·v dx
tn−1 Ω tn−1 Ω tn−1 Ω
Integrate by parts and use v = 0 on ΓD and P · n = T on ΓN :
Z tn Z Z tn Z
ρṗ · v dx dt + P : grad v dx dt
tn−1 Ω tn−1 Ω
Z tn Z Z tn Z
+ u̇ · q dx dt − p · q dx dt
tn−1 Ω tn−1 Ω
Z tn Z Z tn Z
= B · v dx dt + T · v ds dt
tn−1 Ω tn−1 ΓN
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Time discretization
Let the trial functions u, p be continuous and piecewise linear
in time, and let the test functions v, q be piecewise constant:
Z tn Z Z
ρṗ · v dx dt = ρ(p(·, tn ) − p(·, tn−1 )) · v dx
tn−1 Ω Ω
Z tn Z Z
u̇ · q dx dt = (u(·, tn ) − u(·, tn−1 )) · q dx
tn−1 Ω Ω
Z tn Z Z
p · q dx dt = kn p(·, tn−1/2 ) · q dx
tn−1 Ω Ω

where kn = tn − tn−1 and p(·, tn−1/2 ) = p(·, tn − kn /2)


Approximate other integrals by midpoint quadrature:
Z tn Z Z
P : grad v dx dt ≈ kn P (u(·, tn−1/2 ) : grad v dx
tn−1 Ω Ω

This is cG(1) or Crank–Nicolson method


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Discrete problem

Find (un , pn ) ∈ Vh such that


Z Z
ρ(pn − pn−1 ) · v dx + kn P (un−1/2 ) : grad v dx
Ω Z Ω Z
n n−1
+ (u − u ) · q dx − kn pn−1/2 · q dx
Ω Z Ω Z
n−1/2
= kn B · v dx + kn T n−1/2 · v ds
Ω ΓN

for all (v, q) ∈ V̂h

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Stress–strain relations

• F = I + grad u is the deformation gradient

• C = F > F is the right Cauchy–Green tensor

• E = 21 (C − I) is the Green–Lagrange strain tensor

• W = W (E) is the strain energy density


∂W
• Sij = ∂E
ij
is the second Piola–Kirchoff stress tensor

• P = F S is the first Piola–Kirchoff stress tensor

St. Venant–Kirchoff strain energy function:


λ
W (E) = (tr(E))2 + µ tr(E 2 )
2

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Useful FEniCS tools (I)
Defining mixed function spaces:

V = V e ct o r Fu n c tionSpace ( mesh , " CG " , 1 )


VV = V * V

Defining subfunctions:

up = Function ( VV )
u , p = split ( up )

Shortcut:

u , p = Functions ( VV )

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Useful FEniCS tools (II)
Time-stepping

t = dt
while t < T + DOLFIN_EPS :

# Solve variational problem


solve (...)

# Move to next interval


t + = dt
u0 . assign ( u1 )
# use up0 . assign ( up1 ) for a mixed system

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The FEniCS challenge!
Compute the deflection of a regular 10 × 2 LEGO brick as
function of time. Use the St. Venant–Kirchhoff model and
assume that the LEGO brick is made of PVC plastic. The
LEGO brick is subject to gravity of size g = −9.81 m/s2 and a
downward traction of size 5000 N/m2 at its end point. At time
t = 0, the brick is at rest in its undeformed state.
g = −9.81m/s2

T = 5000 N/m2

To check your solution, compute the average value of the


displacement in the z-direction at time T = 0.05. Use a time
step of size k = 0.002.
The student(s) who first produce the right anwswer will be
rewarded with an exclusive FEniCS coffee mug! 10 / 10

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