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Final - 20162017 - Sem 1 - Answers

The document contains information about a final examination for a Theory of Structures course, including 5 questions. Question 1 involves analyzing a frame by moment distribution and calculating reactions and shear/bending diagrams. Question 2 analyzes a continuous beam to determine internal forces and draw diagrams. Question 3 involves proving truss redundancy and calculating member forces. Question 4 requires drawing influence lines and calculating maximum internal forces for a beam with moving loads. Question 5 is about plastic collapse analysis of a plane frame.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
629 views37 pages

Final - 20162017 - Sem 1 - Answers

The document contains information about a final examination for a Theory of Structures course, including 5 questions. Question 1 involves analyzing a frame by moment distribution and calculating reactions and shear/bending diagrams. Question 2 analyzes a continuous beam to determine internal forces and draw diagrams. Question 3 involves proving truss redundancy and calculating member forces. Question 4 requires drawing influence lines and calculating maximum internal forces for a beam with moving loads. Question 5 is about plastic collapse analysis of a plane frame.
Copyright
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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 1

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER I, SESSION 2016/2017
COURSE CODE : SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243

COURSE : THEORY OF STRUCTURES

PROGRAMME : SKAW / SAW

DURATION : 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES

DATE : JANUARY 2017

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES :
1. ANSWER QUESTION Q1 AND THREE OTHER QUESTIONS ONLY.

WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable for disciplinary
actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelled from the university.

This examination question paper consists of ( 7 ) printed pages only.

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 2

Q1. Figure Q1 shows a frame with a fixed support at A, a pin support at D and a roller
support at C. The horizontal member BC carries a uniformly distributed load of 24
kN/m and member AB is subjected to a horizontal point load of 16 kN mid height.
Another horizontal point load of 20 kN is applied at joint B. Support D is displaced
downward by 30 mm. The moment of inertia of member BC is twice as big as those of
the two column members AB and CD. The value of Young’s Modulus, E, is 200 GPa
and the value of the second moment of area, I, is 20 x 106 mm4.

(a) Analyze the frame by moment distribution method to determine the internal
moment at the ends of all members.
(15 marks)
(b) Calculate the reaction forces at all supports.
(5 marks)
(c) Draw shear force diagram for the frame.
(5 marks)
(d) Draw bending moment diagram for the frame.
(6 marks)
(e) Sketch the deflected shape for the frame.
(3 marks)
(34 marks)

24 kN/m
20 kN B C

2I
2m

16 kN
3m

I I
D

A
3m

FIGURE Q1

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 3

Q2. A continuous beam shown in Figure Q2 is held by a pin support at D and by roller
supports at B and C. A uniformly distributed load of 15 kN/m is applied along AC, and
a point load of 60 kN is applied in between span CD. Assume that EI is constant.

(a) Analyse the beam to determine the internal moments and reaction forces at all
supports.
(12 marks)

(b) Draw the shear force diagram for the beam.


(5 marks)

(c) Draw the bending moment diagram for the beam.


(5 marks)
(22 marks)

60 kN
15 kN/m

A B C D

2m 3m 2m 1m

FIGURE Q2

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 4

Q3. Figure Q3 shows a truss with pin supports at B and D. The truss is subjected to point
loads, 24 kN, 36 kN and 48 kN. The area of cross section, A and modulus of elasticity,
E for all members are constant.

(a) Prove that the truss has one external redundant.

(3 marks)

(b) By considering the vertical reaction force at B as redundant, determine the


axial forces in all members.

(19 marks)
(22 marks)

FIGURE Q3

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 5

Q4. A statically determinate beam as shown in Figure Q4 with roller support at B, pin
jointed at C and fixed support at D carries a series of live point loads of 40 kN and 25
kN as well as uniformly distributed load of 8 kN/m as shown in Figure Q4(a) and Figure
Q4(b) respectively that can move from A to D on the beam. The self weight of beam is
2.5 kN/m.

(a) Draw the influence line diagrams for the following functions:
(i) vertical support reaction at B.
(ii) vertical support reaction at D.
(iii) shear force at C.
(iv) bending moment D.

(12 marks)

(b) Calculate the maximum vertical support reaction at B, maximum shear force at
C and maximum bending moment at D due to the moving load.

(10 marks)
(22 marks)

A B C
D
2m 3m 3m

(a)

40 kN 25 kN 8 kN/m
Direction of live
loads
3m
1.5
m (c)
(b)
FIGURE Q4

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 6

Q5. Figure Q5 shows a plane frame with fixed supports at A and D. The frame collapses
under the external point loads as illustrated. The plastic moments of resistance for
members AB, BC and CD are Mp, 2Mp and 3Mp respectively.

(a) determine the number of collapse mechanisms for the frame.


(3 marks)

(b) determine the critical value of the plastic moment, Mp.


(10 marks)

(c) determine all support reactions at A and D of the frame at collapse.


(3 marks)
(d) Draw the bending moment diagram of the frame at collapse.
(6 marks)
(22 marks)

80 kN

3m 3m
60 kN B C

3m

3m

FIGURE Q5

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 7

FORMULAE

Stiffness of beams:
A B C D E

KAB = 4EI/L KBC = 4EI/L KCD = 3EI/L KDE = 0

Slope Deflection Equations:

2 EI  3 
M AB   2 A   B    FEM AB
L  L 
2 EI  3 
M BA   2 B   A    FEM BA
L  L 

Table of Fixed End Moment:

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 8

Deflection:
F uL
Determinate truss deflection by unit load method: 1.  
AE
L
Mm
Determinate beam and frame deflection by unit load method: 1.   dx
0
EI
Where:
F’ is axial force in truss members due to real load
u is axial force in truss members due to virtual unit load
L, A, I and E are length, cross sectional area, moment of inertia and Young’s modulus of
truss, beam and frame members
M is bending moment in beam and frame members due to real load
m is bending moment in the beam and frame members due to virtual unit load

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THEORY OF STRUCTURE [SKAA 3243] : FINAL EXAM SEM 1 SESSION 20162017

Solution for Question Q4:

(a) (i) Influence line for vertical support reaction at B,


1.67

1.0
+
A B C D
2m 3m 3m

(ii) Influence line for vertical support reaction at D,

1.0 1.0

A
+
B
- C D

-0.67
2m 3m 3m

(iii) Influence line for shear force at C,


0.67

+ C D
A B
-
-1.0
2m 3m 3m

(iv) Influence line for bending moment at D,

2.0

+ C D
A B
-
-3.0
2m 3m 3m

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(b) Max vertical support reaction at B,


40 kN 25 kN

1.5 m
8 kN/m moving direction

3m
1.67
1.17
1.0
+ 0.67

A B C D
2m 3m 3m

RB max = 40(1.67) + 25(1.17) + 8(0.5)(3)(1.67+0.67) + 2.5(0.5)(5)(1.67) = 134.6 kN #

Maximum shear force at C,

40 kN 25 kN

1.5 m
moving direction
0.67 8 kN/m

+ 3m
C D
A B
-
-0.5
-1.0
2m 3m 3m

VC max = 40(-0.5) + 25(-1.0) + 8(0.5)(3)(-1.0) + 2.5(0.5)[(2)(0.67)+(3)(-1.0)] = -59.1 kN #

Maximum bending moment at D, 40 kN 25 kN

1.5 m
8 kN/m
2.0
3m
+ C D
A B
-1.5
- -1.5
-3.0
2m 3m 3m

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MD max = 40(-3.0) + 25(-1.5) + 8(2)(0.5)(1.5)(-3.0-1.5) + 2.5(0.5)[(2)(2.0)+(6)(-3.0)] = -229.0 kN #

END.

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