Paper13 Tex PDF
Paper13 Tex PDF
1
Department of Mathematics, Sri Krishna Institute of Technology, Bengaluru - 560090,
Karnataka, India.
[email protected]
2
Department of Mathematics, Sri Krishna Institute of Technology, Bengaluru - 560090,
Karnataka, India.
[email protected]
an AP {a, a + d, ..., a + (t − 1)d} where ‘a’ and ‘d’ are positive integers and t is the number of
subgraphs H11 or H111 of G isomorphic to H 1 or H 11 (|Hj1 | = |Hj11 | = t) such a labeling is
called super if the f (V ) = {1, 2, ..., p}. This is a new concept introduced by authors.
In this paper we deal with super (a,d)-(Fn , K2 ) antimagic total labeling for a connected and
disconnected amalgamation of fans Fn and edges K2 we can show that for some feasible d, a
connected and disconnected amalgamation of Fn and K2 admit a super (a,d)- Fn ∪K2 antimagic
total labeling.
1. I NTRODUCTION
All graphs considered here are finite undirected and without loops and multiple edges. The
edge magic labeling was the developed into a magic covering by Gutierrez and Llado [9] who
defined that a graph G admits an H-magic covering if every edge of E(G) belongs to subgraph
P P
H 1 that isomorphic to H satisfying w(H) = v∈V (H 1 ) f (v) + v∈E(H 1 ) f (e) = f (H) is a
constant magic sum and f (H) is a constant supermagic sum of H. If the smallest labels appear
in the vertices. This is an extension of the edge-magic labelings introduced by Kotzig and Rosa
[15] and super edge-magic labeling introduced by Enomota et.al [8]. They proved that some
classes of connected graphs such as the stars K1,n and the complete bipartite graphs Km,n are
K1,n -super magic. They also proved that the path Pn and the cycle Cn are Ph -super magic for
some h. Llado and Moragas[16] proved, that wheels, mindmills, books and prisms are Ch -
magic for some h. Maryati et.al [17] investigated the G-super magicness of a disjoint union of
any paths is C Ph -super magic for some C and h. Maryati et.al [18] and also Salman et.al [22]
show that certain families of trees are path-super magic. Ngurah, Salman and Susilowati [20]
proved that chains, wheels, triangles ladders and grids are cycle-supermagic. Other examples of
H-supermagic graphs with different choices of H have been given by Jayanthi and Selvagopal
[13,14]. Muthuraja, Selvagopal and Jeyanthi [19] showed that the square graph of bistar, path
and cycle are cycle-supermagic. They also proved that the middle graph of Cn is also C3 -super
magic. Jeyanthi and Muthuraja [12] investigated that the graph Km,n for m, n ≥ 2 is C2m -super
magic and the splitting graph of Cn is C4 -super magic for n 6= 4
Further Simanjuntak et.al [23] introduced an (a,d)-antimagic total labeling of G which is de-
fined as a bijective function f : V (G)∪E(G) → {1, 2, ..., p + q} so that the set of edge-weights
{f (u) + f (uv) + f (v)/, uv ∈ E(G)} is equal to the set {a, a + d, ..., a + (q − 1)d} for same
positive integers a and d. An (a,d)-edge-antimagic total labeling f is called super if the vertex la-
bels are the smallest possible labels. Several results related to edge-antimagic total labelings are
provided in [1,2,3,4,5,22]. Combining the two above labelings, Inayah et.al [10] introduced the
(a,d)-H-antimagic labeling. A graph G is said to be (a,d)-H-antimagic total labeling if there exist
a bijective function f : V (G) ∪ E(G) → {1, 2, ..., p + q} such that for all subgraphs H 1 iso-
P P
morphic to H, the total H-weight w(H) = v∈V (H 1 ) f (v) + e∈E(H 1 ) f (e) form an arithmetic
3
sequence {a, a + d, ..., a + (t − 1)d} where a and d are positive integers and t is the number of
all subgraphs H 1 isomorphic to H. Such a labeling is called super if f (V (G)) = {1, 2, ..., p}.
Inayah et al [11] showed that, for H is a nontrivial connected graph and t ≥ 2 is an integer
shack (H,t) which contains exactly t subgraphs H 1 isomorphic to H is H-super antimagic. In [6]
M. Baca et. al were investigated the existence of super (a, d)-Hantimagic labeling for discon-
nected graphs. They proved that if a graph G admits a (super) (a,d)-H-antimagic labeling where
d = |E(H)| − |V (H)| then the disjoint union of m copies of the graph G denoted by mG admits
a (super) (a,d)-H-antimagic labeling as well. P. Jeyanti et. al [12] investigated with some results
on anti-balenced sets and they showed the existence of super (a,d) cycle-antimagic labeling of
fans and some square graphs. In [7], M. Baca et. al provided some sufficient conditions for
cartesian product of graphs to be H-antimagic. Admits a (H 1 , H 11 )-covering if every edge in
E belongs to atleast one subgraph of G isomorphic to a given graph H 1 or H 11 . An (a,d) -
(H 1 , H 11 )-antimagic total labeling of G admitting an (H 1 , H 11 )-covering is a bijective function
f : V ∪ E → {1, 2, ..., p + q} such that for all subgraphs H11 or H111 isomorphic H 1 or H 11
P P
respectively, the H11 -weight w(H11 ) = v∈V (H 1 ) f (v) + e∈E(H 1 ) f (e) and the H111 - weight
1 1
P P
w(H111 ) = v∈V (H 11 ) f (v) + e∈E(H 11 ) f (e) constitute an AP {a, a + d, ..., a + (t − 1)d}
1 1
where ‘a’ and ‘d’ are positive integers and t is the number of subgraphs H11 or H111 of G isomor-
phic to H 1 or H 11 (|Hj1 | = |Hj11 | = t) such a labeling is called super if the f (V ) = {1, 2, ..., p}.
This is a new concept introduced by authors.
In this paper we establish the super (a,d)-(Fn , K2 )-antimagic total labelings for connected
and disconnected amalgamation of fan Fn and singlton edge K2 . We can prove that, for some
feasible ‘d’, a connected and disconnected amalgamation of fan Fn graphs and singlton edge
K2 ’s admit a super (a,d)-(Fn , K2 ) antimagic total labeling.
A USEFUL LEMMA
We start proving lemma that will useful in the next section. This Lemma is a necessary
condition for a graph to be super (a,d)-(H 1 , H 11 )-antimagic total labeling. It gives a least upper
bound for feasible value of d.
Lemma 1.1. Let G be a simple graph. If G is super (a,d)-(H 1 , H 11 )-antimagic total labeling
4 MALLIKARJUN GHALEPPA AND DANAPPA G AKKA
then
[pG −(pH 1 +pH 11 )](pH 1 +pH 11 )+[qG −(qH 1 +qH 11 )](qH 1 +qH 11 )
d≤ t−1
.......................(I)
f or H11j and H1j 11
are subgraphs isomorphic to H 1 and H 11 respectively, pG = |V (G)|, qG =
|E(G)|, pH11 = |V (H11 )|, pH111 = |V (H111 )|, qH11 = |E(H11 )|, qH111 = |E(H111 )| and t = |H11 | =
|H111 |
Proof . Suppose that a (p,q), graph has a super (a,d)-(H 1 , H 11 )-antimagic total labeling f :
V ∪ E → {1, 2, ..., pG + qG } and the total (H 1 , H 11 )-weights
P P
W (H 1 , H 11 ) = v∈V (H 1 ,H 11 ) f (v) + e∈E(H 1 ,H 11 ) f (e) = {a, a + d, ...a + (t − 1)d}
The minimum possible total (H 1 , H 11 )-weight in the labeling f is atleast 1 + 2 + ... + (pH 1 +
(PH 1 +pH 11 ) (PH 1 +pH 11 )2
pH 11 ) + (pG + 1) + (pG + 2) + ... + (pG + qH 1 + qH 11 ) = 2
+ 2
+ pG (qH 1 +
(qH 1 +qH 11 ) (q +q )2
qH 11 ) + 2
+ H 1 2 H 11 .
(P +p ) (P +p )2 (qH 1 +qH 11 ) (qH 1 +qH 11 )2
Thus a ≥ H 1 2 H 11 + H 1 2 H 11 + pG (qH 1 + qH 11 ) + 2
− 2
.
On other hand, the maximum possible total (H 1 , H 11 )-weight is at most pG + (pG − 1) + ... +
[pG − (pH 1 + pH 11 − 1)] + (pG + qG ) + (pG + qG − 1) + ... + (pG + qG − (qH 1 + qH 11 − 1)) =
(pH 1 +pH 11 ) (pH 1 +pH 11 )2 (qH 1 +qH 11 ) (q +q )2
pG (pH 1 + pH 11 ) + 2
− 2
+ (pG + qG )(qH 1 + qH 11 ) + 2
− H 1 2 H 11 .
(pH 1 +pH 11 ) (p +p )2
So we get a + (t − 1)d ≤ pG (pH 1 + pH 11 ) + (pG + qG )(qH 1 + qH 11 ) + 2
− H 1 2 H 11 +
(qH 1 +qH 11 ) (qH 1 +qH 11 )2
2
− 2
2. M AIN R ESULTS
Now we discuss the result of the super (a,d)-(Fn , K2 )-antimagic total labeling of amalgama-
tion of fan and singalton edge with the following theorem.
Theorem 2.1. For m, n ≥ 2, the graph Aml(Fn , c, m, K2 ) admits a super ((3m + 32 )n2 +
13
(2m + 2
)n + m + 10, 3n2 − 2n + 3) − (Fn , K2 )-antimagic total labeling.
Proof . Let G = Aml(Fn , c, m, K2 ) define the vertex labeling f as follows:
f (c) = 1
f (xij ) = (j − 1)n + i − 1 1 ≤ i ≤ n, 1 ≤ j ≤ m
f (yj ) = mn + 1 + j 1≤j≤m
and the edge labeling as follows
f (cxij ) = m(n + 1) + 1 + (j − 1)n + i 1 ≤ i ≤ n, 1 ≤ j ≤ m
f (xi x(i+1) ) = m(2n + 1) + 1 + i + (j − 1)(n − 1) 1 ≤ i ≤ n, 1 ≤ j ≤ m
f (cyj ) = (m + 3)(n + 2) + 1 + j 1≤j≤m
6 MALLIKARJUN GHALEPPA AND DANAPPA G AKKA
The vertex and edge labeling f are a bijective fuction f : V (G)∪E(G) → {1, 2, ..., 2(m + 1)(n + 1)} .
The (H 1 , H 11 )-weights of Aml(Fn , c, m, K2 ) for 1 ≤ i ≤ n, 1 ≤ j ≤ m under the labeling f,
constitute the following sets
S Pn
wf = m j=1 [f (c) + i=1 f (xij ) + f (yj )]
Sm
= j=1 [1 + (j − 21 )n2 + 3n 2
+ mn + j + 1]
Sm
= j=1 [(j − 12 )n2 + (m + 23 )n + j + 2]
and the total (H 1 , H 11 )-weights of Aml(Fn , c, m, K2 ) constitute the following sets
S © Pn Pn ª
Wf = m j=1 wf + i=1 f (cxij ) + f (cyj ) + i=1 f (xij , x(i+1)j )
S © ª
= m 2 3 2 17
j=1 3mn + 2mn + (3j − 2 )n − (2j − 2 )n + m + 3j + 7
Since we study a super (a,d)-(H 1 , H 11 )-antimagic total labeling for H11 = Fn , isomorphic to
H 1 and for H111 = K2 isomorphic to H 11 , thus pG = |V (sAml(Fn , c, m, K2 )| = s(mn+m+1),
qG = |E[sAml(Fn , c, m, K2 )]| = 2smn, pH11 = |V (Fn )| = n + 1(n), qH11 = |E(Fn )| =
1 11
2n − 1, pH111 = |V (K2 )| = 1(2), qH111 = |E(K2 )| = 1(2), t = |H1j | = |H1j | = sm.
= m j=1 k=1 2
ms + 3
2
nms + (j − 1)ns + nk + js + 2k
and the total (H 1 , H 11 )-weights of sAml(Fn , c, m, K2 ) constitute the following sets
S Ss Pn Pn
Wf = m j=1
k
k=1 [f (c ) +
k k
i=1 f (xij ) + f (yj ) +
k k k
i=1 f (c xij ) + f (c yj )+
Pn−1 k k
i=1 f (xij x(i+1)j )]
S Ss
= m j=1
2 3
k=1 [n ms + 2 nms + (j − 1)ns + nk + js + 2k + 4n ms + nms−
2
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