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CSC439: Visual Programming: Inheritance, Abstract Classes, Abstract Members

This document discusses inheritance, abstract classes, and interfaces in C#. It includes examples of inheriting from a base class to extend it, using the sealed keyword to prevent inheritance, defining abstract methods in an abstract class that derived classes must implement, and when to use an interface versus an abstract class.

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Solution Center of Science and Mathematics
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46 views

CSC439: Visual Programming: Inheritance, Abstract Classes, Abstract Members

This document discusses inheritance, abstract classes, and interfaces in C#. It includes examples of inheriting from a base class to extend it, using the sealed keyword to prevent inheritance, defining abstract methods in an abstract class that derived classes must implement, and when to use an interface versus an abstract class.

Uploaded by

Solution Center of Science and Mathematics
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSC439: Visual Programming

Inheritance, Abstract Classes, Abstract


Members

Fall 2018

1 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Inheritance
 A class can inherit from another class to extend or
customize the original class.
 Inheriting from a class lets us reuse the functionality in
that class instead of building it from scratch.
 A class can inherit from only a single class, but can itself
be inherited by many classes.

2 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Inheritance Example
 public class Asset
{
public string Name;
}
public class Stock : Asset // inherits from Asset
{
public long SharesOwned;
}
 Inside main method:
Stock msft = new Stock { Name="MSFT",
SharesOwned=1000 };
Console.WriteLine (msft.Name); // MSFT
Console.WriteLine (msft.SharesOwned); // 1000

3 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Using sealed to Prevent Inheritance
 As powerful and useful as inheritance is, sometimes we
will want to prevent it.
 In such cases we use sealed keyword
 sealed class A {
// ...
}
// The following class is illegal.
class B : A { // ERROR! Can't derive from class A
// ...
}

4 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Abstract Class
 Sometimes we need to create a base class that defines
only a generalized form that will
be shared by all of its derived classes leaving it to each
derived class to fill in the details.
 Such a class determines the nature of the methods that
the derived classes must implement,
but does not, itself, provide an implementation of one or
more of these methods.
 In such cases we create Abstract class.

5 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Abstract Class
 Since an abstract class does not
define a complete implementation, there can be no
objects of an abstract class. Thus, attempting
to create an object of an abstract class by using new will
result in a compile-time error
 When a derived class inherits an abstract class, it must
implement all of the abstract
methods in the base class.

6 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Abstract Class Example
 // Create an abstract class.
using System;
abstract class TwoDShape {
double pri_width;
double pri_height;
public abstract double Area();
}

// A derived class of TwoDShape for triangles.


class Triangle : TwoDShape {
string Style;
// Override Area() for Triangle.
public override double Area() {
return Width * Height / 2;
}

7 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer


Choosing Between an Interface and an
Abstract Class
 One of the more challenging parts of C# programming is
knowing when to create an interface
and when to use an abstract
 The general rule is this: When you can fully describe the
concept in terms of “what it does” without needing to
specify any “how it does it,” then you should use an
interface.
 If you need to include some implementation details, then
you will need to represent your concept in an abstract
class.

8 Lecture 9 - Constructor, Properties, Indexer

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