Citations and References using the BU Harvard Style

Welcome to the guide to referencing for RDI Students. Please note if you are a Psychology or a Law
student different referencing styles may apply to your module – please consult ilearn and your
module tutor.

If you are unsure of anything regarding referencing please contact your module tutor or post in the
Study Skills Q&A forum on ilearn.

Referencing is an important skill for any student writing academic essays and projects. There is an
expectation that your work will make use of existing sources. In order to avoid plagiarism you must
always acknowledge sources that you use that are not your own. You may directly quote from a
source, paraphrase (writing another person’s ideas in your own words) or summarise (pick out the
key points of someone else’s work).

The University regulations about plagiarism can be found in your Student Handbook.

You must make a citation in the text where you do this and also in a references list at the end of your
work.

We use the Bournemouth University Harvard referencing style. Their article can be found here:

http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/library/local-assets/how-to/docs/citing-references.pdf

There is also a useful reference generator here which allows you to check what you have referenced:

http://beta.refchef.co.uk/

Whenever you submit work to RDI it will be put through a programme called Turnitin. Turnitin will
be used by your module tutors to check that you have put ideas in your own words and are correctly
referencing where you have found information from. It is therefore a way of checking that
plagiarism has not occurred. You can submit drafts of your work to Turnitin to help make sure that
you have acknowledged the sources that you have used.

There is a guide to interpreting your Turnitin report on the Study Skills area of ilearn.

Below is a table of examples showing the different types of citation and reference for the materials
you may use in your work.
Source Type Reference List Format Reference List Example In text example
Book (1 author) Author’s Surname, Bryman, A., 2012. Social Bryman (2012) states that…
INITIALS., Year of Research Methods. 4th
Publication. Title [online Edition. Oxford: OUP Where name does not
(if an e-book)]. Edition. occur naturally: A more
Place of Publication: recent study (Bryman
Publisher 2012) stated that….

“Quotation” (Bryman 2012,

p.75)
Book (2 or more Author’s Surname, Pedler, M., Boydell, T., 2012. Pedler and Boydell (2012)
authors) INITIALS. and Author A Manager’s guide to self- say that…
Surname, INITIALS., Year development. 5th Edition.
of Publication. Title New York: McGraw Hill “Quotation” (Pedler and
[online (if an e-book)]. Education Boydell 2013, p48)
Edition. Place of
Publication: Publisher
Book (3 or more Author’s Surname, Pedler, M., Burgoyne, J., Pedler et al. (2013) say
authors) INITIALS., Author Boydell, T., 2013. A that…
Surname, INITIALS., Manager’s guide to self-
Author Surname development. 6th Edition. “Quotation” (Pedler et al.
INITIALS., Year of New York: McGraw Hill 2013, p48)
Publication. Title [online Education
(if an e-book)]. Edition.
Place of Publication:
Publisher
Article quoted or Only list the work you Bryman, A., 2012. Social As Turner argued (cited in
referenced in have read in the Research Methods. 4th Bryman 2012)…
another source reference list. Edition. Oxford: OUP
“Quotation” (Turner cited
in Bryman 2012, p63)
Chapter in an Author’s Surname of Thaler, R.H., 2004. Mental Thaler (2004) argued that…
edited volume chapter, INITIALS., Year Accounting Matters. In:
of publication. Title of Camerer, C. F., Loewenstein, “Quotation” (Thaler 2004,
contribution. Followed G., Rabin, M., eds. Advances p78)
by In: Surname, in Behavioural Economics.
INITIALS., of author/ Woodstock: Princeton
editor of publication University Press, 75-103.
followed by ed. or eds. if
appropriate. (Year of
publication, if different
to contribution). Title of
book [online] (if
applicable). Edition (if
not the first edition).
Place of publication:
Publisher, Page
number(s) of
contribution.
Downloaded E- Author/Editor Surname, Northedge, A., 2012. The Northedge (2012) argues
book INITALS., Year. Title [type good study guide [Kindle that…
of e-reader edition]. edition]. Milton Keynes:
Edition. Place of Open University Worldwide “Quotation” (Northedge,
publication: Publisher (if 2012, p56)
given)
Journal article Author Surname, Knight, M., 2014. Managing Knight (2014) suggests…
(print or online) INITIALS., Author risk and crisis
Surname, INITIALS., communication. Business “Quotation” (Knight, 2014,
Author Surname and Professional p355)
INITIALS., Year of Communication Quarterly
Publication. Title of [online]. 77(4), 355-356
Article. Title of Journal
[online (if appropriate)].
Volume number and (part
number), Page numbers
of article
Webpage Author/Editor Surname, Marr, B., 2014. 10 BPM tools Marr (2014) thinks that…
INITIALS., Year. Title of every manager needs to
webpage. Place of know. London: ICAEW. “Quotation” (Marr, 2014)
publication: Publisher. Available from:
Available from: URL http://www.icaew.com/en/t
[Accessed date] echnical/business-
performance-management-
community/tools-and-
models/10-bpm-tools-every-
manager-needs-to-know.
Newspaper or Author’s Surname, The Independent, 1992. An article from The
Magazine INITIALS., (or Picking up the bills. The Independent (1992)
Newspaper/Magazine Independent, 4 June 1992, suggests that…
Title,) Year of publication. 28a
Title of article. Title of “Quotation” (The
newspaper/magazine, Independent, 1992)
Day Month Year, Page
number/s and column
number (a, b, c etc.).
Online Author’s Surname, Monaghan, A., 2015. UK Monaghan (2015) argues
Newspaper of INITIALS (or Inflation expected to hit new that…
Magazine Newspaper/Magazine low. The Guardian [online],
Title) Year of 24 March 2015, Available “Quotation” (Monaghan,
publication. Title of from: 2015)
article. Title of http://www.theguardian.co
newspaper/magazine m/business/2015/mar/24/uk
[online], Day Month -inflation-expected-to-hit-
Year. Available from: new-low [Accessed
24.03.2015]
URL [Accessed date].
Photographs or Photographer/Artist’s McNally, K., 1974. Primary 7 In Figure 4, McNally (1974)
Images Surname, INITIALS., Year children from Bangor Central shows…
of publication. Title of Primary School display their
image [type of image]. ‘Let’s look at Ulster’ project If including the illustration
Place of publication: on the early settlement of in text, it should be
Publisher if given. Beannchor [photograph]. labelled with a figure
 Collection Details if Antrim: Ulster Television. number and short
available (Collection, ITA/IBA/Cable Authority description e.g. Figure 4:
Document number, archive, 5023/9, Let’s look at Ulster
Geographical Bournemouth: Bournemouth (McNally 1974).
Town/Place: Name of University.
Library/Archive/Repositor
y).
Online Photographer/Artist’s Downer, C., 2009. Brownsea In Figure 1, Downer (2009)
Photograph or Surname, INITIALS., Year Island, Charles van Raalte highlights…
image of publication. Title of memorial - geograph.org.uk
image [type of image]. - 1445875.jpg [photograph].
Place of publication: Dorset: geography.org.uk. If including the illustration
Publisher (of online Available from: in text, it should be
image) if given. Available http://commons.wikimedia. labelled with a figure
from: URL [Accessed org/wiki/File:Brownsea_Islan number and short
Date]. d_Charles_van_ description e.g. Figure 1:
_Raalte_memorial_- Charles van Raalte
_geograph.org.uk_- memorial (Downer 2009).
_1445875.jpg [Accessed 25th
March 2015].
Social Media (e.g. Author's Surname, Bhanji, M., 2014. #8 A month As Bhanji (2014) suggests…
blogs, Facebook, INITIALS., Year. Title of in the life of a distance
online discussion entry. Title of website learner. RDI [online]. 21
forum) [online]. Day Month October 2014. Available “Quotation” (Bhanji 2004).
Year. Available from: from:
URL [Accessed Date]. https://www.rdi.co.uk/8-a-
month-in-the-life-of-a-
distance-learner/ [Accessed
25th March 2015].
YouTube Originator, Year. Title RDI, 2014. RDI – Anglia As evident in the online
[type, format]. Place of Ruskin University Graduation video by RDI (2014)…
publication or 2014 [video, online].
production (if given): Available from: “Quotation” (RDI 2014)
Publisher or Producer (if https://www.youtube.com/
given). Available from: watch?v=VaqoiCSqyUM
URL [Accessed Date]. [Accessed 25th March 2015].
Film Title, Year. (For films the Othello, 1995. [film, VHS]. As evident in the film
preferred date is the Directed by Oliver Parker. Othello (1995)…
year of release in the USA: Castle Rock
country of production.) Entertainment. “Quotation” (Othello 1995)
[type, format].
Production credit (e.g.
Director or Producer).
Production place:
Production company.