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Systematic Analysis of Simple Salt-2

The document describes a systematic analysis of an unknown salt. A series of tests were performed on the unknown blue crystalline salt, including observations of color, solubility, and reactions to heat, acids, and other chemicals. Key results indicated the presence of copper and absence of other ions. Confirmatory tests for copper and sulfate ions were positive. The salt was identified as copper sulfate.

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Bala Murugan.V
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461 views7 pages

Systematic Analysis of Simple Salt-2

The document describes a systematic analysis of an unknown salt. A series of tests were performed on the unknown blue crystalline salt, including observations of color, solubility, and reactions to heat, acids, and other chemicals. Key results indicated the presence of copper and absence of other ions. Confirmatory tests for copper and sulfate ions were positive. The salt was identified as copper sulfate.

Uploaded by

Bala Murugan.V
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

PRELIMINARY TEST
1. Colour: colour of the salt is noted Blue May be copper salt

2. Appearance: Appearance of the crystalline May be sulphate,nitrate


salt is noted. or chloride salts

3. Solubility: A little of the salt is soluble May be sulphate,Nitrate


shaken well with distilled water. or chloride salts

4. Action of heat: A small amount of The colour of the salt changes May be copper sulphate
the salt is taken in a dry test tube from blue to white
and heated gently at first and then
strongly.

5. Flame test: A small amount of the Bluish green coloured flame Presence of copper
salt is made into paste with
concentrated hydrochloric acid in
a watch glass and introduced into
the non-luminous part of the
bunsen flame.

6. Ash test: The filter paper is soaked No characteristic coloured ash Absence of Zinc,
in the mixture of salt solution and Aluminium, Phosphate
cobalt nitrate solution and is and Magnesium
introduced into the bunsen flame
and ignited.

IDENTIFICATION OF ACID
RADICALS

7. Action of dilute hydrochloric acid:


A small amount of the salt is No characteristic change Absence of carbonate
added to 2/3 volume of dil HCl in a and sulphide
test tube.

8. Action of acidified potassium


permanganate:
To a small amount of the salt No decolourisation Absence of sulphide
solution a few drops of potassium
permanganate solution acidified
with dilute sulphuric acid is added
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2

with shaking

9. Action of concentrated sulphuric


acid: To a small amount of the No characteristic change Absence of chloride,
salt,2ml of conc.sulphuric acid is acetate and nitrate
added and heated.

10. Manganese dioxide test: A small No greenish yellow gas Absence of chloride
amount of the salt is heated with a
pinch of MnO2 and 1ml con.H2SO4

11. Copper turnings test: A small No reddish brown gas evolves Absence of nitrate
amount the salt is heated with
copper turnings and con sulphuric
acid

12. Action of sodium hydroxide: A Pungent smelling gas giving Absence of ammonium
small amount of the salt is heated dense white fumes with a glass salt
with sodium hydroxide solution. rod dipped in con.HCl and also
turning moist red litmus paper
blue evolves

13. Chromyl chloride test:


To a small amount of the salt a No red orange vapours Absence of chloride
pinch of potassium dichromate is
added and a few drops of
con.H2SO4

14. Preparation of water extract


The salt is dissolved in water. this
is called water extract.

i) Silver nitrate test: to a few drops No precipitate is obtained Absence of chloride,


of the extract dil.nitric acid is bromide, iodide and
added until the effervescence sulphide.
ceases and 2ml of silver nitrate
solution is added.

ii) Lead acetate test: to a few drops


of the extract dilute acetic acid is A white precipitate soluble in Presence of sulphate
added until the effervescence ammonium acetate and
ceases and 2ml of lead acetate sodium hydroxide is obtained
solution is added.

iii) Barium chloride test: to a few white precipitate insoluble in Sulphate is confirmed
drops of the extract dil.HCl is con.HCl is obtained
added until the effervescence
ceases and 2 ml of barium chloride
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2

solution is added

iv) Brown ring test:


To a few drops of the extract dil No brown ring is formed Absence of nitrate
sulphuric acid is added until the
effervescence ceases. the solution
is treated with freshly prepared
ferrous sulphate solution and then
with conc sulphuric acid is added
along the sides of the test tube.

IDENTIFICATION OF BASIC
RADICALS

PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL
SOLUTION

The original solution is prepared


by dissolving a gram of the salt in
15 ml distilled water

GROUP SEPARATION

1. A amount of the substance is No pungent smelling gas Absence of ammonium


heated with sodium hydroxide (group 0)
solution

2. To a few drops of original solution No white precipitate Absence of lead


dil.HCl is added (group I)

3. To a few drops of the original Black precipitate is obtained Presence of copper


solution 2ml of dil.HCl is added (group II)
and then Hydrogen sulphide gas is
passed

CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR BASIC


RADICAL
Copper (Group II)
i) To a few drops of original solution Pale blue precipitate soluble in Copper is confirmed
ammonium hydroxide is added in excess Ammonium hydroxide
drops to excess to form deep blue solution
obtained
ii) To a few drops of original Chocolate brown precipitate is Copper is confirmed
solution,2ml of potassium ferro formed
cyanide solution is added
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2

CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR ACID


RADICALS
Barium chloride test:
To a few drops of the extract, A white precipitate insoluble in Sulphate is confirmed
dilute hydrochloric acid is added concentrated hydrochloric acid
until the effervescence ceases and is obtained
2ml of barium chloride is added

RESULT

The given acid radical is sulphate


The given basic radical is copper
The given salt is copper sulphate
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-2

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