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dec-1-MYSQL Commands

The document contains information about SQL commands and their usage. It includes definitions of DDL, DML, and DCL along with examples. It also discusses SELECT statements, comparison operators, joins, aggregation functions, and sorting orders. Examples are provided to demonstrate LIKE operators, joins across multiple tables, grouping with aggregate functions, and sorting.

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Kishan Singh
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
49 views7 pages

dec-1-MYSQL Commands

The document contains information about SQL commands and their usage. It includes definitions of DDL, DML, and DCL along with examples. It also discusses SELECT statements, comparison operators, joins, aggregation functions, and sorting orders. Examples are provided to demonstrate LIKE operators, joins across multiple tables, grouping with aggregate functions, and sorting.

Uploaded by

Kishan Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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https://rextester.

com/l/mysql_online_compiler

https://www.jdoodle.com/online-mysql-terminal

Good editor that shows Execution Plan:

http://sqlfiddle.com/#!9/a6c585/1

SQL(Structured Query Language)

DDL(Data Defination
DML(Data Manipulation
Language)
Language) DCL(Data Control Language)
e.g., create, alter, truncate,
e.g., select, insert, update, e.g., grant, revoke
drop, rename(change
delete
column-MySQL)

show databases;

create database d1;

use rextester;

show tables;

create table try1(name varchar(10),no int);

desc try1;

insert into try1 values('ABC',101);

insert into try1 values('XYZ',102);

insert into try1 values('JKL',103);

insert into try1 values('MNO',104);


insert into try1 values('PQR',105);

insert into try1 values('ABCD',101);

insert into try1 values('HIJKL',103);

insert into try1 values('WXYZ',102);

select * from try1;

desc try1;

alter table try1 ADD PRIMARY KEY(no);

alter table try1 modify name varchar(20);

alter table try1 drop no;

alter table try1 add (name varchar(10));

delete from try1;

alter table try1 change column no clientno int(5);

truncate table try1;

update try1 set name='newclient' where clientno<103;

SELECT statement

Comparison operators

=, <>/!=, <, >, <=, >=, like

Wild card characters

%, _

Logical operators

AND, OR, NOT

Joins, group by with aggregate functions, order by

- Find customer details containing 2nd alphabet ‘X’ in their name.

select * from try1 where name like '_X__';


- Find customer details with name starting from ‘X’.

select * from try1 where name like 'X__';

- Find customer details whose name contains 3rd last character ‘X’.

select * from try1 where name like '%X__';

- Find customer details whose name ends with ‘X’.

select * from try1 where name like '%X';

- Find customer details whose name starts with ‘x’.

select * from try1 where name like 'x%';

- Find customer details with ‘M’ in their name.

select * from try1 where name like '%M%';

- Find customer details whose name ends with ‘M’.

select * from try1 where name like '%M';

- Find customer details whose name contains 1 alphabet after ‘JKL’.

select * from try1 where name like '%JKL_';

- Find customer details whose name contains ‘JKL’ in name.

select * from try1 where name like '%JKL%';

select * from try1 where (name like '%JKL%');

- Find customer details whose does not contain ‘JKL’.

select * from try1 where NOT(name like '%JKL%');

- Find customer details whose clientno is >102.

select * from try1 where not(clientno<102);

- Find customer details whose clientno is >103.

select * from try1 where clientno>103;

- Find customer details whose clientno is >102.

select * from try1 where clientno>103 or not(clientno<102);

- Find customer details whose clientno is >101.

select * from try1 where clientno>103 and not(clientno<101);


sorted orders : Ascending, Descending

select * from try1;

select * from try1 order by clientno;

select * from try1 order by clientno desc;

select * from try1;

select * from try1 order by clientno;

select * from try1 order by clientno, name;

select * from try1 order by clientno desc;

select * from try1 order by clientno asc, name desc;

create table clientdata(clientname varchar(15), clientproject varchar(15), clientbill float(7,2),


no_of_employees int(4), no_of_hours int);

alter table clientdata add(clientid int(4));

ALTER TABLE clientdata ADD PRIMARY KEY(clientid);

create table projectdata(projectid int, projectname varchar(15) references clientdata(clientproject),


duration int);

create table teams(teamid int, technology varchar(15), projectname varchar(15) references


clientdata(clientproject), members int, hours int);

alter table projectdata add primary key (projectname);

alter table clientdata add constraint cons_fk foreign key (clientproject) references
projectdata(projectname);

alter table teams add constraint cons_fk1 foreign key (projectname) references
projectdata(projectname);
desc projectdata;

insert into projectdata values(1001, 'AutocallSOS',260);

insert into projectdata values(1002, 'FastCheck',390);

insert into projectdata values(1003, 'EvenServe',430);

insert into projectdata values(1004, 'SmartAppDev',600);

insert into projectdata values(1005, 'Payease',800);

insert into projectdata values(1006, 'prj5',200);

insert into projectdata values(1007, 'FastCheck1',900);

insert into projectdata values(1008, 'EaseGST',700);

select * from projectdata;

desc teams;

insert into teams values(2001,'.Net', 'SmartAppDev',6,12);

insert into teams values(2002,'Java', 'FastCheck',7,90);

insert into teams values(2003,'PHP', 'Payease',10,12);

insert into teams values(2004,'.Net', 'prj5',6,12);

insert into teams values(2005,'Android', 'EvenServe',7,210);

select * from teams;

desc clientdata;

insert into clientdata values("Client1","EaseGST", 50000,15,70,101);

insert into clientdata values("Client-xyz","EvenServe", 6000,15,70,102);

insert into clientdata values("Client3","AutocallSOS",40000.00,3,100,103);


insert into clientdata values("Client4","EaseGST",7000.00,9,120,104);

insert into clientdata values("Client5","prj5",90000.00,6,144,105);

insert into clientdata values("Client8","prj5",70000.00,6,80,106);

insert into clientdata values("TasteIT","EvenServe",10000.00,7,210,107);

insert into clientdata values("NHAI","FastCheck",98000.00,2,90,108);

insert into clientdata values("NHAI","FastCheck1",80000.00,2,90,109);

insert into clientdata values("Client8","Payease",3000.00,5,12,110);

insert into clientdata values("SmartAppDev","FastCheck1",9000.00,5,12,111);

insert into clientdata values("LearnFast","FastCheck",17000.00,5,12,112);

select * from clientdata;

Group by :

select clientproject, clientbill from clientdata group by clientproject;

select clientproject, sum(clientbill) from clientdata group by clientproject;

select count(no_of_hours) from clientdata;

select count(no_of_hours) from clientdata group by no_of_employees;

select no_of_employees, count(no_of_hours) from clientdata group by no_of_employees;

Joins :

Set Theory :

Set A = {1,2,A}

Set B = {A, B, 1}

Cartesian Product : A×B = {(1,A),(1,B),(1,1),

(2,A),(2,B),(2,1),
(A,A),(A,B),(A,1)}

Intersection : A∩B = {1,A} = natural join/equi join (= operator in query)

Union : AUB = {1,2,A,B,A,1} = Outer join / non equality join (< or > or <> operators in query)

Use of Single table:

select projectname,technology from teams where projectname='EvenServe';

Use of two tables without join : (Cartesian Product)

select clientdata.clientname, teams.technology, teams.projectname from clientdata, teams where


teams.projectname='EvenServe';

Use of two tables with join :

select clientdata.clientname, teams.technology, teams.projectname from clientdata, teams where


teams.projectname='EvenServe' and clientdata.clientproject=teams.projectname;

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