GRC Panels With Recess 4mx2mSIZE: Structural Calculation For
GRC Panels With Recess 4mx2mSIZE: Structural Calculation For
GRC Panels With Recess 4mx2mSIZE: Structural Calculation For
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION:........................................................................................................ 3
2. DESIGN CODES: ......................................................................................................... 3
3. LOADS: ....................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 DEAD LOADS: ............................................................................................................. 3
3.2 WIND LOAD: ............................................................................................................... 3
4. LOAD COMBINATION ................................................................................................ 4
5. MATERIAL PROPERTIES............................................................................................. 5
5.1 PROPERTIES OF MILD STEEL ...................................................................................... 5
5.2 PROPERTIES OF GRC: ................................................................................................. 5
6. DESIGN OF GRC PANEL: ........................................................................................... 6
6.1 PANEL DETAILS:.......................................................................................................... 8
6.2 CHECKING BENDING FOR GRC SKIN: ......................................................................... 8
6.3 CHECKING BENDING FOR RIBS: ................................................................................. 8
6.4 CHECKING SHEAR FOR RIBS: ...................................................................................... 9
6.5 CHECKING FOR DEFLECTION: ..................................................................................... 9
7. CHECK FOR M.S ANGLE BRACKET FIXING THE GRC PANEL TO THE MAIN STEEL: .......... 9
7.1 CHECK FOR BENDING STRESS: ................................................................................. 10
7.2 CHECK FOR DEFLECTION: ......................................................................................... 10
8. CHECK FOR M12 GI PIN FIXING THE GRC PANEL TO THE M.S ANGLE BRACKET: ......... 11
9. CHECK FOR M12 BOLTS FIXING THE TOP PLATE TO THE M.S. ANGLE BRACKET :....... 13
10. CHECK FOR WELD FIXING THE M.S ANGLE TO THE STEEL CHANNEL : ...................... 16
11. CHECK FOR CAST-IN SOCKET: ...................................................................................... 17
12. CHECK FOR GRC EDGE BEARING CAPACITY: ............................................................... 18
1. INTRODUCTION:
This structural calculation is for the size 4m x 2m of the GRC panels with recess and its
fixings. The calculation will verify the adequacy of GRC panels and its steel bracket in
withstanding the applied design loads as per project specification.
2. DESIGN CODES:
• Design of GRC panel is carried out based on limit state design method as per “Practical
Design Guide for Reinforced Concrete (GRC)” prepared by International Glassfibre
Reinforced Concrete Association (GRCA), Version 1.1, March 2018.
• BS 5950-1:2000 Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 1: Code of practice for
design — Rolled and welded sections.
3. LOADS:
Maximum Wind Suction, WLS = 1.05 kN/m2 (Refer to pages 54 & 58)
Maximum Wind Pressure, WLP = 0.97 kN/m2
4. LOAD COMBINATION
ϒtv = 1.05 Ultimate partial local factor for thickness variation table 5.2 of
GRCA Design Guide
ϒb = 1.08 Ultimate partial local factor for difference in strength between
test components and full-size panel
ϒc =1 Factor for mode of collapse (Eq. 5.4)
5. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Fiber Content = 5%
Density = 21 kN/m3
Compressive Strength = 83.4 N/mm2 (Test)
Tensile strength (UTS) = 8 N/mm2
Bending Strength (MOR) = 23.8 N/mm2 (Test) (Refer to page 46)
LOP = 11.3 N/mm2 (Test) (Refer to page 46)
Young’s Modulus = 21753 N/mm2 (Test) (Refer to page 45)
Poisson’s ratio = 0.24 (Test) (Refer to page 44)
Interlaminar Shear Strength = 2 N/mm2
In plane Shear Strength = 8 N/mm2
Refer to Appendix 2 for GRC Properties.
In this case GRC panel is directly fixed to the M.S angle bracket which is welded to the
steel channel. The largest panel size 4m x 2m with 15 & 12mm skin thicknesses is
modelled in MIDAS GEN software and analyzed to determine whether the maximum
stresses and deflections of the panel are within the permissible limit. Refer to
Appendix-1.1 on pages 20 -36 for the dimensions and analysis results of the panel.
Shrinkage Stress, σss = 0.8 N/mm2 (Table 5.5 of GRCA Design Guide)
Thermal Stress, σts = 1.0 N/mm2 (Table 5.6 of GRCA Design Guide)
Hence MOR required = ϒm (σub + σss + σts) (GRCA Design Guide, Page 52)
= 3 (5.89 + 0.8 + 1.0)
= 23.07 N/mm2 < 23.8 N/mm2
Therefore, OK Safe
γm (ULS) for interlaminar shear = 1.7 (GRCA Design Guide, Page 50)
Hence required shear stress = 1.7 x 0.52 = 0.884 N/mm2 < 8 N/mm2
Therefore, OK Safe
7. CHECK FOR M.S ANGLE BRACKET FIXING THE GRC PANEL TO THE MAIN STEEL:
M.S angle bracket is used to fix the GRC panel to the main steel. M.S angle bracket consist
of 130mm x 100mm x 12mm thick M.S angle & 210mm x 100mm x12mm thick MS Plate.
GRC panel will sit directly on the plate with a 12mm dia pin.
Load acting on the MS angle bracket are the Reactions from the GRC panel
Refer to pages 33 & 36 for the reactions of the GRC panel.
The bracket will be welded all around to the steel structure provided by main contractor.
7.1 CHECK FOR BENDING STRESS:
Maximum bending stress of the angle frame = 188.56 N/mm2 < 355 N/mm2
Therefore, OK Safe
Refer to page 41 for the bending stress of the M.S angle bracket
8. CHECK FOR M12 GI PIN FIXING THE GRC PANEL TO THE M.S ANGLE BRACKET:
Chosen M12 GI Pin to fix the GRC panel to the M.S angle bracket.
Maximum reaction in Y direction for load combination (1.0 DL + 1.0 WLp) = 2.8 kN (Refer
to pages 33 & 36 for the maximum reactions)
Shear in Pin = 1.4 x 2.8 = 4 kN < 31.6 kN (Refer page No.14)
Bending moment coming to pin = (100 * 0.042 (Length of pin) )/2 = 0.08 kN-m
Yield stress of pin = 0.08 *106 / 169.7 = 472< 640 N/mm2 ( MTC attached refer page 47)
Therefore, OK Safe.
9. CHECK FOR M12 BOLTS FIXING THE TOP PLATE TO THE M.S. ANGLE BRACKET:
Note: For the site adjustment providing 50 x 14mm slotted holes on base plate
Torque check of bolt
Shear force (slip force) to single bolt Rn = Maximum Fx= 4.0 kN
Rn = µ * Du * hsc * Tb* ns (As per AISC equation J3-4) (Refer to pages 50 & 51)
µ = Slip resistance = 0.35
Du = Multiplier that reflects the ratio of the mean installed bolt pretension to the specified
minimum bolt pretension = 1.13
hsc = Hole Factor = 0.7
ns = Number slip planes = 1
Tb = Minimum pretension for slip force
Tb = Rn/ µ * Du * hf * ns
Tb = 4.0 / (0.35*1.13*0.7*1) = 13.5 kN
Required torque of bolt
T=KFd
where
T = wrench torque (Nm)
K = constant that depends on the bolt material and size for zink plated = 0.2
d = nominal bolt diameter (m)= 0.012
F = axial bolt force (N) (Maximum Fy)+ Minimum pretension for slip force Tb (N) = 13500+7200=
20700 N
T = 0.2*0.012*20700= 50 N-m < 93 N-m (Refer page 52)
10. CHECK FOR WELD FIXING THE M.S ANGLE TO THE STEEL CHANNEL :
Maximum vertical reaction (Z Direction) = 3.2 kN (DL+WLp) (Un factored) = 1.4x3.2= 4.5 kN
Maximum horizontal reaction for top & bottom connection of panel (y Direction) = 2.8 + 2.9 = 5.7
kN (DL + WLp) (Un factored) = 1.4x5.7 = 8.0 kN
Resultant load on weld for conservative = (4.52 + 8.02 ) 0.5 = 9.2 kN
Tension moment due to downward force = 4.5 x 0.22 = 1.0 kN-m
Tension moment due to horizontal force = 8 x 0.05 = 0.4 kN-m
Total tension moment = 1.0 + 0.4 = 1.4 kN-m
Chosen 4mm fillet weld all around the MS angle base
Chosen M12 x 60 Philip Cast – in socket to fix the GRC panel to base plate
Maximum shear horizontal reaction at panel top connection (Y Direction for (DL+WLp)) FQ = 2.9 kN
(Un factored) = 1.4x2.9 = 4.1 kN < Allowable FZ = 5 kN
Therefore, OK Safe
Refer to pages 48 & 49 for Cast-in socket datasheet.
M12 x 40mm GI threaded road is placed at 50mm back face of panel rib. Due to the action of load
GRC will tear out and the failure will be shown as the below sketch.
GRC failure tension area At= 2 x 62x 40 (height of Pin) = 4960 mm2
GRC Shear Capacity = (GRC Plane Shear stress * At)/ 1.7 (Factor of safety) (Refer table 54.4 of
GRCA)
Maximum shear horizontal reaction at panel bottom connection (Y Direction for (DL+WLp)) Fy =
2.8kN (Un factored) = 1.4x2.8= 4 kN
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 1.1
GRC PANEL
MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF GRC
Page no:21/58
15mm THICKNESS OF GRC SKIN
Page no:22/58
12mm THICKNESS OF GRC SKIN
Page no:23/58
THICKNESS OF PANEL SKIN AT RECESS
Page no:24/58
DIMENSIONS OF GRC FLANGE
Page no:25/58
DIMENSIONS OF GRC FLNAGE AT TRANSVERSE
Page no:26/58
DIMENSIONS OF GRC RIBS
Page no:27/58
DIMENSIONS OF GRC RIBS AT TRANSVERSE
Page no:28/58
midas Gen
POST-PROCESSOR
PLN STS/PLT STRS
SIG-EFF BOTH SIDE
5.38
4.89
4.41
3.93
3.44
2.96
2.47
1.99
1.51
1.02
0.54
0.06
CB: 1.59DL+1
AVG NODAL
MAX : 7101
MIN : 4411
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: N/mm^2
DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
X:-0.624
CB: 1.59DL+1
MAX : 7250
MIN : 6598
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: N/mm^2
DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
X:-0.624
Y:-0.771
Maximum beam bending stress due to 1.59 DL + 1.59 WLp Z: 0.131
Page no:30/58
midas Gen
POST-PROCESSOR
BEAM STRESS
SHEAR-y
0.52
0.42
0.33
0.23
0.14
0.00
-0.05
-0.14
-0.24
-0.33
-0.42
-0.52
CB: 1.59DL+1
MAX : 4286
MIN : 6505
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: N/mm^2
DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
X:-0.483
Y:-0.837
Maximum beam shear stress due to 1.59 DL + 1.59 WLp Z: 0.259
Page no:31/58
midas Gen
POST-PROCESSOR
DISPLACEMENT
RESULTANT
2.96
2.69
2.42
2.15
1.89
1.62
1.35
1.08
0.81
0.54
0.27
0.00
CB: 1.0DL+1
MAX : 6413
MIN : 968
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: mm
DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
X:-0.624
Y:-0.771
MAX. REACTION
NODE=968
FX: 3.13
FY: 0.00
FZ: -0.86
FXYZ: 3.24
ST: DL
MAX : 968
MIN : 4000
-0.9
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: kN
3.1
0.0
-0.9 DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
3.1
X:-0.925
Y:-0.097
MAX. REACTION
NODE=968
FX: -0.11
FY: -0.00
FZ: 2.10
FXYZ: 2.10
ST: WLS
MAX : 968
MIN : 4000
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: kN
DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
2.1
X:-0.846
-0.1
2.1
-0.1
-0.0 Y:-0.519
Z: 0.122
Maximum reaction due to suction wind load
Page no:34/58
midas Gen
-0.0 POST-PROCESSOR
-0.0
REACTION FORCE
-1.9 -1.9
FORCE-XYZ
MIN. REACTION
NODE=4000
FX: 0.00
FY: 0.00
FZ: -1.94
FXYZ: 1.94
MAX. REACTION
NODE=968
FX: 0.10
FY: 0.00
FZ: -1.94
FXYZ: 1.94
ST: WLP
MAX : 968
MIN : 4000
FILE: 2X4M PANEL WITH RECESS
UNIT: kN
DATE: 02/23/2020
VIEW-DIRECTION
X:-0.986
0.0
Y:-0.165
0 .1
0 .1
-1.9 -1.9
Z: 0.018
Maximum reaction due to pressure wind load
Page no:35/58
Page no:36/58
midas Gen
PROJECT TITLE :
Company Client
FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node Load (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN*m) (kN*m) (kN*m)
968 DL 0.003053 0.818416 3.137590 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 DL 0.000000 0.808185 3.119991 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 DL -0.003053 -0.813327 0.469574 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 DL 0.000000 -0.813274 0.469544 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
968 WLs -0.000842 1.764175 -1.143031 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 WLs 0.000000 1.766995 -1.138178 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 WLs 0.000842 1.819229 -1.050332 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 WLs 0.000000 1.819214 -1.050324 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
968 WLp 0.000778 -1.629761 1.055943 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 WLp 0.000000 -1.632367 1.051460 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 WLp -0.000778 -1.680621 0.970307 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 WLp 0.000000 -1.680608 0.970299 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
968 1.59DL+1.59WLs 0.003516 4.106319 3.171350 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 1.59DL+1.59WLs 0.000000 4.094537 3.151082 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 1.59DL+1.59WLs -0.003516 1.599384 -0.923405 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 1.59DL+1.59WLs 0.000000 1.599445 -0.923440 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
968 DL+WL 0.002212 2.582591 1.994560 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 DL+WL 0.000000 2.575181 1.981813 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 DL+WL -0.002212 1.005902 -0.580758 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 DL+WL 0.000000 1.005940 -0.580780 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
968 1.59DL+1.59WLp 0.006092 -1.290039 6.667717 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 1.59DL+1.59WLp 0.000000 -1.310449 6.632608 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 1.59DL+1.59WLp -0.006092 -3.965377 2.289411 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 1.59DL+1.59WLp 0.000000 -3.965272 2.289351 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
968 1.0DL+1.0WLp 0.003831 -0.811345 4.193533 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
980 1.0DL+1.0WLp 0.000000 -0.824182 4.171451 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
3930 1.0DL+1.0WLp -0.003831 -2.493948 1.439881 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
4000 1.0DL+1.0WLp 0.000000 -2.493882 1.439843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
SUMMATION OF REACTION FORCES PRINTOUT
FX FY FZ
Load
(kN) (kN) (kN)
DL 0.000000 -0.000000 7.196700
WLs 0.000000 7.169613 -4.381865
WLp 0.000000 -6.623357 4.048009
1.59DL+1.59WLs 0.000000 11.399685 4.475587
DL+WL 0.000000 7.169613 2.814835
1.59DL+1.59WLp 0.000000 -10.531138 17.879087
1.0DL+1.0WLp 0.000000 -6.623357 11.244709
Reactions Table
Modeling, Integrated Design & Analysis Software Print Date/Time : 02/23/2020 10:50
http://www.MidasUser.com 1/1
Gen 2019
Page no:37/58
APPENDIX 1.2
APPENDIX 2
The required tensile strength shall include any tension resulting from prying
action produced by deformation of the connected parts.
7. Combined Tension and Shear in Bearing-Type Connections
The available tensile strength of a bolt subjected to combined tension and shear
shall be determined according to the limit states of tension and shear rupture as
follows:
Rn = Fnt Ab (J3-2)
f = 0.75 (LRFD) = 2.00 (ASD)
where
Fnt = nominal tensile stress modified to include the effects of shearing stress,
ksi (MPa)
Fnt
Fnt = 1.3Fnt − f v ≤ Fnt (LRFD) (J3-3a)
fFnv
Fnt
Fnt = 1.3Fnt − f v ≤ Fnt (ASD) (J3-3b)
Fnv
Fnt = nominal tensile stress from Table J3.2, ksi (MPa)
Fnv = nominal shear stress from Table J3.2, ksi (MPa)
f v = the required shear stress, ksi (MPa)
The available shear stress of the fastener shall equal or exceed the required shear
strength per unit area, f v .
User Note: Note that when the required stress, f, in either shear or tension,
is less than or equal to 20 percent of the corresponding available stress, the
effects of combined stress need not be investigated. Also note that Equations
J3-3a and J3-3b can be rewritten so as to find a nominal shear stress, Fnv , as
a function of the required tensile stress, f t .
User Note: There are special cases where, with oversize holes and slots par-
allel to the load, the movement possible due to connection slip could cause a
structural failure. Resistance and safety factors are provided for connections
where slip is prevented until the required strength load is reached.
Design loads are used for either design method and all connections must be
checked for strength as bearing-type connections.
X C.G X
CALCULATION
FOR
WIND LOAD
1. INTRODUCTION:
This calculation is for the wind load for Pakistan Pavilion at Expo 2020 Dubai.
2. DESIGN CODES:
3. WIND LOAD:
Where,
GCp = External pressure coefficient = - 1.10 , + 1.0 (From fig 6-11 of ASCE 7-05)
GCpi = Internal pressure coefficient = ± 0.18 (From fig 6-5 of ASCE 7-05)
qh = Velocity pressure evaluated at mean roof height h.
qh = 0.613 Kz Kzt Kd V2 I
Where,
Kz = Velocity pressure exposure coefficient = 1.09 (From table 6.3 of ASCE 7-05)
Kzt = Topographic factor = 1 (From Client- Refer to page 4)
Kd = Wind directionality factor = 0.85 (From Client- Refer to page 4)
V = Wind velocity = 38 m/s (As per the client request)
I = Importance factor = 1.0 (From Client- Refer to page 4)