Conic section (f ) Ellipse (E) Hyperbola (F ) Parabola (D) Universal (s)

p (x+c)2 y2 (x−c)2 y2
= x + re
qe a2 + b2 =1 a2 − b2 =1 2p (x − q) = −y 2
2
eccentricity e e = 1 + 2h
µ2 0<e<1 e>1 e=1
p µ 2µ
semi-major axis a a>0 a<0 ∞ α= = − v2
1−e2 √ √ a r
semi-minor axis b √ p = a 1 − e2 √ p = −a e2 − 1 ∞
1−e√2 √
e2 −1
focal distance c c = a2 − b2 = ae c = a2 + b2 = −ae ∞
~h = ~r × ~v = √µp = r2 f˙ √
p p
angul. momentum h µa (1 − e2 ) −µa (e2 − 1) µp
µ 2
orbital energy   = − 2a = v2 − µr  <√0 >√
0 =0  = − α2
1−e2 sin E e2 −1 sinh F
  
sin f = 1−e sin f = e cosh F −1 2D

 cos E 
  sin f
 = 1+D 2
cos E−e
true anomaly f cos f = 1−e cos f = ee−cosh F
cos f = 1−D
2
q cos E qcosh F −1 1+D 2
tan f2 = 1−e 1+e
tan E2 tan f2 = e−1 e+1
tanh F2  tan f
  
 
2 =D
( √ ( √
1−e sin f 2 e −1 sin f 2
sin E = 1+e sinh F = 1+e
eccentric anomaly E cos f
e+cos f
cos f
e+cos f D = tan 12 f dt = rds
cos E = 1+e cos f cosh F = 1+e cos f
( (
e sin E = √~r·~v
e sinh F = √~r−µa·~
v = √~r·~
v

µa
D µp
e cos E = 1 − ar e cosh F = 1 − ar D2 = rq − 1
q q q
2
d
f˙ = µ
Ė = 1r µa Ḟ = 1r −aµ 1 µ ds 1
p
partial derivatives dt p3 (1 + e cos f ) Ḋ = r p ṡ =dt = r
d df df dE dE 1 dF 1 dD
dM dM = dE dM dM = 1−e
√ cos E dM = e cosh
√ F −1
= D22+1
dM
d ds d 1 d
dt = dt ds = r ds
df df 2 df e2 −1 df
= 1−e1−e = e cosh = D22+1 d d
ds = r dt
dE √
dE cos E √
dF F −1 √dD
universal variable s a (E − E0 ) −a (F − F0 ) q p (D − D0 )

q q
1 a3 −a3 p3 1 3 1
time of flight t nM µ (E − e sin E) µ (e sinh F − F ) µ 6 D +
2 D r0 sc1 + r0 r˙0 s2 c2 + µs3 c3
p
radius r a (1 − e cos E) a (1 − e cosh F ) q D2 + 1 r0 c0 + r0 r˙0 sc1 + µs2 c2
q1+e cos f q q
µ
p µ e sin E µ e sinh F µ 2D
radial velocity ṙ p e sin f 2 +1
q a 1−e cos E
p µ √1−e2 q −a e cosh
√
F −1
qp D
rf˙ µ µ 2 e −1 µ 2
horizontal velocity (1 + e cos f ) p D 2 +1
q
p
q a 1−e cos E
q −a e cosh F −1 q
µ µ 1+e cos E µ e cosh F +1 µ 4
orbital speed v p (e2 + 2e cos f + 1) a 1−e cos E −a e cosh F −1 p D 2 +1
ṙ e sin f e sin E
flight path angle φ tan φ = r f˙
= 1+e cos f tan φ = √ 1−e2
tan φ = e√sinh F
e2 −1
tan φ = D
p cos f


position x 1−e cos f a (cos E − e) a (cosh F − e) q 1 − D2
p sin f
y 1−e b sin E b sinh F pD
q cos f q q
− µp sin f
p µ −a sin E µ a sinh F µ −2D
velocity ẋ a3 1−e cos E 3 2 +1
q q −a e cosh F −1
qp D
p
pµ b cos E µ b cosh F µ 2
ẏ (e + cos f )
µ a3 1−e cos E −a3 e cosh F −1 p D 2 +1
     
f & g functions f 1 − pr 1 − cos fˆ 1− a
r0 1 − cos Ê 1− a
r01 − cosh F̂ 1− q
r0 D̂
2
1− µ 2
r0 s c 2
ar0 r˙0 (1−cos Ê ) ar0 r˙0 (1−cosh F̂ )
q
qr0 r˙0 D̂ 2
q q
g rr0
√
µp sin fˆ a
µ r0 sin Ê + µ
−a
µ r0 sinh F̂ + µ
p
µ r0 D̂ + µ r0 sc1 + r0 r˙0 s2 c2
q   q   q
a3 −a3 p3 1 3
t̂ − µ Ê − sin Ê t̂ − µ sinh F̂ − F̂ t̂ − µ 6 D̂ t̂ − µs3 c3
ˆ
  √ √ √
1−cos fˆ
q
µa −µa µp
f˙ µ
p tan f2 p − − 1
r
1
r0 − rr0 sin Ê − rr0 sinh F̂ − rr0 D̂ − rrµ0 sc1
     
ġ 1− r0
p 1 − cos fˆ 1− a
r 1 − cos Ê 1− a
r 1 − cosh F̂ 1 − rq D̂2 1 − µr s2 c2