Experimental Report 4

DETERMINATION OF GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION USING SIMPLE

PENDULUM OSCILLATION WITH PC INTERFACE

Class: TT.KTYS.01 k62 Verification of the

instructors

Group: 6

Name:

I/Experiment Motivations
- Understanding more about the harmonic oscillation.

- Verifying the value of gravity acceleration.

- Improving experimental skills.

II/Experimental result

Tri L1= 0.400 (m) L2= 0.500 (m) L3= 0.600 (m)
al T1 (s) T2 (s) T3 (s)
1 1.326 1.456 1.559
2 1.324 1.468 1.603
3 1.320 1.466 1.610
4 1.318 1.460 1.600
5 1.322 1.462 1.606
T 2=1.462 ( s )
T 1=1.322 ( s ) T2 − T2 T 3=1.595 ( s )
i
5
¿2 5

√ √
2
∑ ( T 1 −T 1)
i
5 ∑ ( T 3 −T 3 )2
i

∆ T 1= i=1
∑❑ ∆ T 3= i=1
5 i=1 5
= 0.003 ( s ) ∆ T 2= √ ❑ 0.018 ( s )
0.004 ( s )
1)Pendulum with vertical oscillation plan
 2)Pendulum with inclined oscillation plan:

Tri θ 4=40° θ5 =60° θ6 =80 °

al T4 (s) T5 (s) T6 (s)
1 0.879 1.135 1.794
2 0.871 1.131 1.801
3 0.871 1.133 1.803
4 0.875 1.128 1.798
5 0.877 1.130 1.807
T 4=0.874 ( s ) T 5=1.131 ( s ) T 6=1.800 ( s )
5 5 5

√ √ √
2 2
∑ ( T 4 −T 4 )
i
∑ ( T 5 −T 5 )
i
∑ ( T 6 −T 6 )2
i
i=1 i=1 i=1
∆ T 4= ∆ T 5= ∆ T 6=
5 5 5
= 0.003 ( s ) = 0.002 ( s ) = 0.004 ( s )
θ1=0° θ2=10 ° θ3 =20°
Trial
T1 (s) T2 (s) T3 (s)
1 0.786 0.807 0.806
2 0.786 0.809 0.810
3 0.788 0.807 0.808
4 0.789 0.806 0.807
5 0.788 0.805 0.812
T 1=0.787 ( s ) T 2=0.806 ( s ) T 3=0.808 ( s )
5 5 5

√ √ √
2 2
∑ ( T 1 −T 1)
i
∑ ( T 2 −T 2)
i
∑ ( T 3 −T 3 )2
i
i=1 i=1 i=1
∆ T 1= ∆ T 2= ∆ T 3=
5 5 5
= 0.001 ( s ) = 0.001 ( s ) = 0.002 ( s )

III/Data processing

1) Determination of the oscillation period of a thread pendulum as a function

of the pendulum length:
2
l 2π
Pendulum with vertical oscillation plane: T =2 π
√ g
⇒ g=l ( )
T
a.L1=0.400 (m)

2π 2 2 ×3.141 2
ǵ1=L1
( )
T́ 1
=0,400 ×
1.322 ( )
=¿9.0 ( m/s 2 )

∆ L1 2 2
∆π 2 ∆T1
∆ g1 =ǵ 1 ×
√( L1 )( )(
+ 2
π
+ −2
T́ 1 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 2
0.003
9.0 ×
√( 0.400 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(
+ −2
1.322 )
0.05 ( m/s 2 )

Then g1=9.0± 0.05 ( m/s 2 )

Hence

g1=9.0± 0.05 ( m/s 2 )

b.L2=0.500 (m)
 2π 2 2 ×3.141 2
ǵ2=L2
( ) T´ 2
=0,500 × (
1.462 )
=¿9.2 ( m/s 2 )

∆ L2 2 2
∆π 2 ∆T2
∆ g2 =ǵ 2 ×
√( L2 )( )(
+ 2
π
+ −2
T´ 2 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 2
0.004
9.2 ×
√( 0.500 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(
+ −2
1.462 )
0.05 ( m/s 2 )

Then g1=9± 0.05 ( m/s 2 )

Hence

g1=9.2± 0.05 ( m/ s 2 )
c.L3=0.600 (m)

2π 2 2× 3.141 2
ǵ3=L3
( )
T´ 3
=0,600 ×
1.595 ( )
=¿9.3 ( m/s 2 )

∆ L3 2 2
∆π 2 ∆T 3
∆ g3 = ǵ3 ×
√( L3 )( )(
+ 2
π
+ −2
T´ 3 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 2
0.018
9.3 ×
√( 0.600 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(
+ −2
1.595 )
0.21 ( m/s 2 )

Then g1=9.3± 0.21 ( m/s 2 )

Hence

g1=9.3± 0.21 ( m/ s 2 )
2) Determination of the gravitational acceleration as a function of the
inclination of the pendulum force:
2
l l 2π
Pendulum with inclined oscillation plane: T =2 π
√
g cos θ
⇒ g= ( )
cos θ T

a. θ1=0°

l 2 π 2 0.140 2 ×3.141 2
ǵ1=
( )
cos θ1 T́ 1
=
cos 0
×
0.787( ) 2
=8.9 ( m/s )

2
∆ l 2 − ∆ cos θ1 ∆π 2 ∆ T1
∆ g1 =ǵ 1 ×
√( l)( +
cos θ 1
+ 2
)( ) (
π
+ −2
T´ 1 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 0.001 2
8.9 ×
√( 0.140 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(
+ −2
0.787 )
=0.07 ( m/s 2 )

Then g1=8.9± 0.07 ( m/s 2 )

Hence

g1=8.9± 0.07 ( m/ s 2 )
b. θ2=10 °

l 2 π 2 0.140 2× 3.141 2
ǵ2=
( )
cos θ 2 T́ 2
=
cos 10
× (
0.806 ) 2
=8.6 ( m/s )

2
∆ l 2 − ∆ cos θ2 ∆π 2 ∆ T2
∆ g2 =ǵ 2 ×
√( l)( +
cos θ2
+ 2
)( ) (
π
+ −2
T´ 2 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 0.001 2
8.6 ×
√( 0.140 )(
+2
3.141 )(
+ −2
0.806 )
=0.06 ( m/s 2 )

Then g2=8.6± 0.06 ( m/ s2 )

Hence

g1=8.6± 0.06 ( m/ s2 )

c. θ3 =20°

l 2 π 2 0.140 2× 3.141 2
ǵ3=
( )
cos θ 3 T´ 3
=
cos 20
× (
0.808 ) 2
=9.0 ( m/ s )
 2
∆ l 2 − ∆ cos θ3 ∆π 2 ∆ T3
∆ g3 = ǵ3 ×
√( l)( +
cos θ3 )( ) (
+ 2
π
+ −2
T́ 3 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 0.002 2
9.0 ×
√( 0.140 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(
+ −2
0.808 )
=0.08 ( m/s 2)

Then g3=9.0 ±0.08 ( m/ s2 )

Hence

g3=9.0 ±0.08 ( m/ s2 )

d. θ 4=40°

l 2 π 2 0.140 2 ×3.141 2
ǵ4 =
( )
cos θ4 T́ 4
=
cos 40
× (
0.874 ) 2
=9.4 ( m/s )

2
∆ l 2 − ∆ cos θ 4 ∆π 2 ∆T 4
∆ g 4= ǵ 4 ×
√( l)( +
cos θ4 )( ) (
+ 2
π
+ −2
T´ 4 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 0.003 2
9.4 ×
√( 0.140 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(
+ −2
0.874 )
=0.1 ( m/s 2 )

Then g4 =9.0 ± 0.1 ( m/s2 )

Hence

g4 =9.0 ± 0.1 ( m/s2 )

e. θ5 =60°

l 2 π 2 0.140 2× 3.141 2
ǵ5=
( )
cos θ 5 T 5
´
=
cos 60
× (
1.131 ) 2
=8.6 ( m/ s )

2
∆ l 2 − ∆ cos θ5 ∆π 2 ∆ T5
∆ g5 = ǵ5 ×
√( l)( +
cos θ5
+ 2
)( ) (
π
+ −2
T́ 5 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 0.002 2
8.6 ×
√( 0.140 )(
+2
3.141 )(
+ −2
1.131 )
=0.07 ( m/s 2)

Then g5=8.6 ±0.07 ( m/ s2 )

Hence
 g5=8.6 ±0.07 ( m/ s2 )

f. θ6 =80 °

l 2 π 2 0.140 2 ×3.141 2
ǵ6 =
( )
cos θ 6 T´ 6
=
cos 80
× (1.800 ) 2
=9.8 ( m/s )

2
∆ l 2 − ∆ cos θ 6 ∆π 2 ∆T6
∆ g6 = ǵ6 ×
√( l) (+
cos θ6 )( ) (
+2
π
+ −2
T´ 6 )
0.001 2 0.001 2 0.004 2
9.8 ×
√( 0.140 )(
+ 2
3.141 )(+ −2
1.800 )
=0.08 ( m/s 2 )

Then g6 =9.8 ±0.08 ( m/ s2 )

Hence

g6 =9.8 ±0.08 ( m/ s2 )

3)Conclusion

Gravitational acceleration does not depend on the length of the rod or the
angle of inclined oscillation plane because it only depends on altitude, depth
and other factors like air density, the gravitational effect of the Moon and the
Sun.