Say: I did not go to school yesterday.

1. Some Americans are so poor that they ________(suffer) from

malnutrition. (present)

2. Most children learn to talk after they ___________ (learn) to walk.

(present perfect)

3. Greg likes to boast about the marlin that he _________(catch)last

summer. (past)

4. Astronomers predict that the sun __________ (die)in about ten billion

years. (future).

5. Scientists have studied the rings of Saturn ever since Galileo __________

(discover) them. (past)

6. Although drivers have complained the police ______ (to have) nothing to

about the heavy traffic, alleviate the problem. (present perfect)

1. She __________ (will/would) be glad if you send this box of
chocolate to her. (To describe an imaginary situation)
2. if I had a magic wand, I __________(will/would) change some
historical events. ( To form conditional sentences)
3. Would you like to have a cup of coffee? (To express modest
request and proposal)
4. She told that she would be here at 8 o’clock. ( in reported speech)
5. I would be glad to help. (To express likings, hearted and
preferences for something)
6. I think it would take forty minutes. (To give an opinion on
uncertain things)
7. When I was young, I used to live in an old house. (To describe past
habits)
8. I wish she would leave me, I wish you would be quiet for a minute.
(After the word wish)
9. Rachel wouldn’t go to the doctor, even though she was in pain.
(To express refusal to do something)
10.He burned the letters so that her husband would never read
them. (To express a result of some action)
Fill in the blanks below to complete the sentences.
1. I ___________ go to the party last night because I was sick.
2. My sister ___________ swim last year, but now she ___________.
3. They ___________ go shopping yesterday because the store was closed.
4. A: ___________ you read when you were four years old? B: Yes, I
__________
5. A: ___________ you see the moon last night? B: No, I ___________.
6. Most dinosaurs walked on land, but some ___________ fly or even swim.
7. I ___________ drive a truck when I was only sixteen years old.
8. Douglas hit the tree because he ___________ stop his car.
1. The students studied very hard to ______ the exams.

2. My friend went home to ____ her homework.

3. The doctor completed the preparations to _________ the patient.

4. The teacher got permission from the principal to ______ the children to the museum.

5. He bought some flowers to______ to his wife.

6. I hesitated to __________ so much money on clothes.

7. She offered to_________ me move my things to my new house.

8. The doctor prepared to __________ a receipt.

9. She refused to _________ questions about her personal finances.

10. The child started to _______ when he couldn’t find his mother.
Exercise A

Underline the participles in the following sentences.

1. He was finished with the project.

2. The cookies were baked fresh this morning.
3. She has burned dinner before.
4. I have lived an interesting life.
5. He has lied to me too many times!
6. The song was sung well by the rising opera star.
7. The new bed was brought into the house carefully by the deliverymen.
8. The dog has dug a big hole in the back yard.
9. The doctor said that you have broken your arm.
10. We have been very worried about you.
Complete the sentences below by using ‘ought to’ to give advice.

1. A: I feel cold.

B: You ought to ______________________________________________________

2. A: Jack doesn’t like his job.

B: He ought to ______________________________________________________

3. A: Our plane will take off in five minutes.

B: We ought to ______________________________________________________

4. A: I have a toothache.

B: You ought to ______________________________________________________

5. A: Mary has a very noisy neighbour.

B: She ought to ______________________________________________________

6. A: Thomas and Patrick want to become rich.

B: They ought to _____________________________________________________

7. A: I think we’re lost!

B: We ought to ______________________________________________________

8. A: I want to improve my English.

B: You ought to ______________________________________________________

1. I have seen a movie yesterday.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Last year, I have travelled to Japan.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. She has washed her car.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Shauna has studied Japanese for five years.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. I have been in London for two weeks.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. My father has just gone to bed.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. We have lived in this house since 2015.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. I have already ironed the shirts.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. We have stayed in the pool since at 9 o’clock.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Mark has studied two foreign languages.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. We have visited Florida several times.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. He won the silver medal.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. I saw a movie yesterday.
___________________________________________________________________________
3. I didn't see a play yesterday.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Last year, I travelled to Japan.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Did you have dinner last night?
___________________________________________________________________________
7. She washed her car.
___________________________________________________________________________
8. He didn't wash his car.
___________________________________________________________________________
9. I lived in Brazil for two years.
___________________________________________________________________________
10. Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
___________________________________________________________________________
1. I watched TV last week.

___________________________________________________________________

2. We ate meat with my best friend yesterday.

___________________________________________________________________

3. The bus stopped a few minutes ago.

___________________________________________________________________

4. I met my wife 9 years ago.

___________________________________________________________________

5. She left the school in 2010.

___________________________________________________________________

6. He bought a new house last month.

___________________________________________________________________

7. Did she clean her home?

___________________________________________________________________

8. I read an interesting book last month.

___________________________________________________________________

9. We did a lot of shopping at the shopping mall.

___________________________________________________________________

10. He cut his finger and went to hospital.

____________________________________________________________________

11. She finished her work at six o’clock.

____________________________________________________________________

12. The rain stopped an hour ago.

 _____________________________________________________________________

1. I play tennis.

___________________________________________________________

2. She does not play tennis.

___________________________________________________________

3. The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.

___________________________________________________________

4. The train does not leave at 9 AM.

___________________________________________________________

5. She always forgets her purse.

___________________________________________________________

6. He never forgets his wallet.

___________________________________________________________
1. He' is in a grumpy mood since he got up.

2. I do not see him since the funeral.

3. "I do not see him since college."

4. "They do not eat since breakfast."

5. "I hear this song since my childhood."

6. "She waits for you since this morning."

7. "I talk to her since last week."

8. "He asks about you since last night."

9. "They wait for the train since dawn."

10."I think about her since high school."

1. You learn English now.

2. You swim now.

3. They read their books.

4. They watch television.

5. I study to become a doctor.

6. I read the book Tom Sawyer.

7. . I meet some friends after work.

8. She comes to class late.

9. She loves this chocolate ice cream.

10.I don't like them because they complain.

1. I am realizing the mistake now.

I _____________ the mistake now.

2. I am appreciating the advice now.

I _____________ the advice now.

3. She is accepting the fact that her husband had passed away now.

She ________ the fact that her husband had passed away now.
Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
1. Pablo is used to ______________ (live) in England.

2. It's difficult to get used to _______________ (live) in a foreign country.

3. I am used to ______________ (walk) several kilometres a day.

4. I am getting used to ______________ (walk) to work.

5. He used to ______________ (live) in Paris.

6. She's used to _____________ (go) to bed late at night.

7. I'll never get used to ______________ (use) this computer.

8. She's used to _______________ (eat) very well.

9. I was used to _______________ (study) every night when I was young.

10. When I was little, I used to ________________ (eat) lots of sweets.

11. Did you use to _______________ (believe) in ghosts?

12. Are you getting used to _________________ (do) this?

1. I am singing at church today.

_________________________________________________________________

2. The boys are playing ball after school.

__________________________________________________________________

3. She is crying.

__________________________________________________________________

4. He is talking to his friend.

___________________________________________________________________

5. The baby is sleeping in his crib.

____________________________________________________________________

6. We are visiting the museum in the afternoon.

_____________________________________________________________________

7. He is not standing.

_____________________________________________________________________

8. Anthony is sitting in the chair.

______________________________________________________________________
1. She had established her company before 2008.
__________________________________________________________________
2. He had never played football until last week.
__________________________________________________________________
3. They had gotten engaged before last year
__________________________________________________________________.
4. I had fallen asleep before eight o'clock.
__________________________________________________________________
5. She had met him before the party.
__________________________________________________________________
6. The plane had left by the time I got to the airport.
__________________________________________________________________
7. I had written the email before he apologized.
__________________________________________________________________
8. Kate had wanted to see the movie, but she did not have money for the ticket.
__________________________________________________________________
1.She had established her company before 2008.

____________________________________________________

2. He had never played football until last week.

____________________________________________________

3.They had gotten engaged before last year.

____________________________________________________

4. I had fallen asleep before eight o'clock.

_____________________________________________________

5. She had just left the scene when the ambulance arrived.

______________________________________________________

6.He had just put the dog on the leash when we got there.

_________________________________________________________

7. The bus had just left when we got to the stop.

__________________________________________________________

8. I had just gone outside when it started to rain.

___________________________________________________________
1. As always, he had been there when she will need him.

2. He had climbed many a tree when he is a boy.

3. Tom will turn off the lights when he is leaving the office.

4. Dad will reply to the letter when he is coming home from work.

5. I will start when I shall receive the letter.

1. Is Andrea feeling well? I spoke to her today and it sounded as if she was getting a
cold.
It’s getting colder outside. It feels as if fall has arrived.
2. My sister is acting so strange. When I talk to her, it’s as if she’s not even listening to
me.
3. The airplanes were so close together it looked as if they were going to crash!
4. Wow! Look at those dark clouds. It looks as if it’s going to rain.
5. My goodness those children are loud! It’s sounds as if there’s a herd of animals
running around upstairs.
6. It was great to see Luke again. It sounds as if he’s doing well in life.
7. Is something bothering you? You look as if you haven’t slept in days!
8. My friend is under a lot of pressure at the moment. She feels as if she has the
weight of the world on her shoulders.
9. It’s not as if this was the first time she was late for school.
10. Let’s pretend as if this never happened.