14/10/2020

CLAUSES OF CONCESSION AND CAUSE-REASON

1. CLAUSES AND PHRASES OF CONCESSION
Although
Though +S+V, S+V: Mặc dù
Even though
Despite the fact that
In spite of the fact that
Ex: Although the traffic was bad, we arrived in time
Despite
In sipte of +V_ing/ Noun phrases , S+V
* Các cấu trúc khác của mệnh đề nhượng bộ
Whatever, Whichever, Whoever, However, Wherever : Cho dù
Ex: However rich he is, he never helps the poor.
+No matter+Wh_words S+V, S+V
No matter who= Whoever........
+It doesn’t matter+Wh-words S+V, S+V
2.CLAUSES AND PHRASES OF CAUSE AND REASON
Because of
Due to +V-ing/Noun phrase, S+V
Owing to

Because
Since
As
Seeing that +S+V, S+V
Now that
Due to the fact that
On account of the fact that
A. Choose the best answer:
1. ________ having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered
the job.
A. Although B. While C. In spite of D. Despite of
2. ________ the internet is very popular, many older people do not know how to use it.
A. However B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. Despite
3. _________ he wasn’t feeling very well, David was determined to take part in the inter-
university athletics meet.
A. Although B. While C. Where as D. yet
4. __________ what Megan prepared for the job interview, she didn’t pass it.
A. Despite of B. In spite of C. Though D. However
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

5. Bruce was not praised_________ he was a hard worker.

A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. no matter how
6. It looks like they are going to succeed_________ their present difficulties.
A. despite B. although C. in spite D. even though
7. Mary usually goes to parties. She likes meeting people and crowded places ________she
is rather shy.
A. In spite of B. Even though C. On the contrary D. In other
words
8. Ann: Have you decided to get the job?
Terry: Yes, I’ve just decided. I’ll accept that job_________ it is not suitable with my
major. It is not an interesting job, ________ the salary is very good.
A. although / but B. despite / and C. but / though D. yet / however
9. ________, he has continued to work on his thesis.
A. Although all these problems B. Even though there are problems
C. Despite of all these problems D. In spite of there are problems
10. In spite of ____________, he was determined to finish his work.
A. was seriously ill. B. be seriously ill
C. his serious illness D. he was seriously ill
11. _______ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many
differences between them.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. although D. Despite
12. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. despite of
13. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain B. it was raining D. there was a rain
14. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
15. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired
C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired
16. The children slept well despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
17. She left him _______ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
18. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. In spite B. Even though C. In spite of D. Despite of
19. _______ they are brothers, they do not look alike.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
20. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative.
A. despite B. in spite of C. though D. as though
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

21. _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
A. In spite B. Despite C. But D. Although
22. _____________, he could not finish the job.
A. As hard as he work B. Despite he worked hard
C. Though he worked hard D. Although hard work
23. He went to work _____________ his headache.
A. despite B. although C. because D. because of
24. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.
A. the weather is bad B. it is a bad weather
C. the bad weather D. the weather was bad
25. Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.
A. despite B. in spite C. even if D. though
26. Tom went to work despite _______.
A. that he did not feel very well B. of the fact not feeling well
C. he did not feel very well D. not feeling very well
27. Though _______, they are good friends.
A. their sometimes quarrel B. to have a quarrel sometimes
C. they sometimes have a quarrel D. of having a quarrel sometimes
28. Despite _______, we arrived on time.
A. the traffic B. of the traffic
C. there was heavy traffic D. of there was heavy traffic
29. ___________it was very cold, she did not put on her coat.
A. In case B. But C. Even if D. Although
30. __________ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football
games.
A. Despite B. Although C. Despite of D. Although
31. __________it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because
32. We understood him __________ he spoke very fast.
A. because of B. though C. in spite of D. despite
33. _________ all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
34. Hans finished school __________ his leg injury.
A. because of B. despite C. though D. because
35. I try to do my homework ___________ the noise
A. because of B. although C. despite of D. in spite of
36. ___________ it rained heavily, we enjoyed our holiday.
A. Because of B. Because C. Despite D. Though
37. ___________ having little money, they are happy.
A. Despite B. Because of C. Although D. Because
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

38. ____________ she was not well, she still went to work.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
39. We are going to have a picnic _____________ the bad weather.
A. because B. despite C. although D. because of
40. __________ his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. Because of B. Because C. Though D. Despite
41. Although the sun was shining, __________.
A. it wasn’t very hot B. it was very hot C. yet it was very hot D. but it was very hot
42. Nowadays, the divorce rate is higher than it used to be________ young people are
allowed to decide on their marriage.
A. despite B. but C. even though D. in spite of
43. _________ his poor health, Mr. Brown still works hard to support his family.
A. Despite of B. Despite C. Although D. Because of
44. I gave up the job ________ the attractive salary.
A. because B. because of C. although D. despite
45. _________ my father is old, he still goes jogging.
A. Although B. Because C. So that D. Despite

B. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

46. In spite her severe pain, she tried to walk to the auditorium to attend the lecture.
A B C D
47. Despite of growing industrial activity, the majority of the American people continued
A B C
to make their living from farming until the beginning of the twentieth century.
D
48. Although our grandfather was old but he could help us.
A B C D
49. He tried to explain, so she refused to listen.
A B C D
50. He decided not to get that job in spite of the salary was low.
A B C D
51. Although the bad traffic, I managed to arrive at the meeting on time.
A B C D
52. In spite of my father is old, he still goes to work.
A B C D
53. Though he loves her very much, but he can’t talk to her.
A B C D
54. She always behaves childishly despite she has grown up.
A B C D
55. Although the rise in unemployment, people still seem to be spending more.
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

A B C D
56. Despite he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.
A B C D
57. Although the time of the year, yesterday’s temperature was hot enough to turn on the
A B C D
air conditioning.
58. In spite of the quantity was small, we had enough supplies to finish the experiment.
A B C D
59. However she looks very young, she is twice as old as my-twenty-year old sister.
A B C D
60. Despite of his smiling face, the second place contestant is sadder than the winner.
A B C D
61. Gold was one of the first to be discovered despite it is one of the rarest metals.
A B C D
62. Polar bears rarely kill people in spite they hunt other animals.
A B C D
63. Even though the extremely bad weather in the mountain, the climbers decided not to
A B C
cancel their climb.
D
64. Although the harm of smoking, smokers can’t get rid it.
A B C D

C. Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning to the original one.
65. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.
A. Despite the hotel is noisy, we stayed there.
B. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it.
C. Although the hotel was noisy, we stayed there.
D. Because of the noise, we stayed in the hotel.
66. Young as he is, he has a big fortune.
A. Although he is young, he has a big fortune.
B. He has a big fortune because he is young.
C. He is not only young but also has a big fortune.
D. When he is young, he has a big fortune.
67. Despite the bad weather, people travel by air.
A. Even though the weather is bad, people travel by air.
B. Because the weather is bad, people travel by air.
C. In spite of people travel by air, the weather is bad.
D. Although the bad weather, people travel by air.
68. Although his leg was hurt, he managed to drive a car.
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

A. His leg was hurt. However, he managed to drive a car.

B. his leg was hurt. But he managed to drive a car.
C. Despite his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.
D. In spite of the fact that his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.
69. He was very tired but he kept on working.
A. Despite he was very tired, he kept on working.
B. In spite of he was very tired, he kept on working.
C. Though his tiredness, he kept on working.
D. Although he was very tired, he kept on working.
70. Although she was very old, she looked very grateful.
A. Despite she was very old, she looked very grateful.
B. Despite her old age, she looked very grateful.
C. In spite of very old, she looked very grateful.
D. In spite her being old, she looked very grateful.
71. However hard you work, you will never get promotion.
A. Although you work very hard, you will never get promotion.
B. you will get promotion because you work very hard.
C you don’t work hard. However, you will get promotion soon.
D. Although you work very hard, but you will never get promotion.
72. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.
A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking.
B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking.
C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking.
D. However we felt cold, we kept walking.
73. Although it was expected that he would stand for election, he didn’t.
A. People expected him not to stand for election.
B. He didn’t stand for election as people had expected.
C. People expected that he didn’t stand for election.
D. Contrary to what people expected, he didn’t stand for election.
74. Although she tells lies, I believe her.
A. In spite of telling lies, I believe her.
B. In spite her telling lies, I believe her.
C. In spite of his telling lies, I believe her.
D. In spite of her tell lies, I believe her.
75. Although he is intelligent, he doesn't do well at school.
A. Despite being intelligent, he doesn't do well at school.
B. In spite he is intelligent, he doesn't do well at school.
C. Although his intelligence, he does well at school.
D. In spite of intelligent, he doesn't do well at school.
76. In spite of discussing for hours, they didn’t find a suitable solution.
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

A. They discussed for hours and they found a suitable solution.

B. They discussed for hours so they didn’t find a suitable solution.
C. They discussed for hours but didn’t find a suitable solution.
D. They discussed for hours after they didn’t find a suitable solution.
77. Although his legs were broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
A. In spite of his broken legs be broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
B. In spite of his broken legs, he is able to get out of the car before exploding.
C. Despite his legs were broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
D. Despite his broken legs, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
78. I usually drive to work, but today I go by bus.
A. Although I can drive to work, I go by bus today.
B. Although I can go by bus, I drive to work today.
C. Instead of driving to work, I go by bus today.
D. Instead of going by bus, I drive to work today.
79. I tried to persuade her. I didn’t succeed, however.
A. Because of persuading her, I didn’t succeed
B. Although I tried to persuade her, I didn’t succeed
C. I didn’t succeed but I tried to persuade her
D. However I tried to persuade her, I didn’t succeed
D. Rewrite the sentences:
1. Mary tried to keep calm although she was very disappointed.
 Despite ________________________________________
2. Even though it was raining heavily, the explorers decided to continue their journey.
 In spite of ________________________________________
3. Despite his ability to do the job, he was not offered the position.
 Although ________________________________________
4. He had worked very hard but he failed.
Even though ________________________________________
5. Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
 In spite of ________________________________________
6. Although he often tells lies, the headmaster believes him.
 In spite of ________________________________________
7. Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
 Despite ________________________________________
8. My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
 In spite of ________________________________________
9. Although there was a big storm, they decided to leave home.
 In spite of ________________________________________
10. Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
 Despite ________________________________________
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

11. Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
 Despite ________________________________________
12. In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
 Although ________________________________________
13. Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep.
 In spite of ________________________________________
14. In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
 Even though ________________________________________
15. In spite of her dislike for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.
 Although ________________________________________
16. He couldn’t earn enough money for living although he worked hard.
 Despite ________________________________________
17. Although Jane wrote for the tickets, she still had to stand in line.
 In spite of ________________________________________
18. We get a good room though we didn’t phone the hotel.
 Despite ________________________________________
19. She was admitted to the university in spite of her low grades.
 Although ________________________________________
20. Despite the terrible food, he still eats in that restaurant.
 Although ________________________________________
21. We did the test well though it was difficult.
 In spite of ________________________________________
22. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.
 Despite ________________________________________
23. He ate all the fruits though they were green.
 Whatever ________________________________________
24. Although he is talented, no one likes him.
 In spite of ________________________________________
25. He studied very well though his life was hard at that time.
 In spite of ________________________________________
26. He ate the chocolate cake even though he was on diet.
 Despite ________________________________________
27. Mr. Pike doesn’t wear glasses though he is over sixty.
 In spite of ________________________________________
28. Although it rain heavily, I went to school on time.
 Despite ________________________________________
29. Although it was noisy, I kept on studying.
 No matter how ________________________________________
30. He lived anywhere. He always thought of his homeland.
 No matter ________________________________________
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

E: Rewrite the sentences with the word given.

1. Although he has a very important job, he isn’t particularly well-paid.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
3. She wasn’t wearing the coat although it was quite cold.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party although we don’t like them very much.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. Although I didn’t speak the language, I managed to make myself understand.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn’t warm.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
7. I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
8. We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
9. Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
10. Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until 9 o’clock.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
11. Although the salary was low, he accepted the job.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
12. In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends.
=> Though ........................................................................................................................................................................................................
13. In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner.
=> Although ....................................................................................................................................................................................................
14. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.
=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................................
15. In spite of his hard work, Ba he failed his exam.
=> Though ........................................................................................................................................................................................................
16. In spite of the heavy rain, we decided to go to see the match.
=> Although ....................................................................................................................................................................................................
17. Although they lost, the home team played very well.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
18. Even though it was raining, I still went to school on time.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
19. Although she isn’t brilliant, she studies quite well.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
20. She isn’t brilliant but she studies quite well.
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

=> Although ....................................................................................................................................................................................................

21. The house isn’t nice, but I like the garden.
=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................................
22. It was raining, but we went out.
=> Though ........................................................................................................................................................................................................
23. Everyone likes Bob even though he talkative.
=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................................
24. Though I had an umbrella, I got very wet in the rain.
=> Though ........................................................................................................................................................................................................
25. We enjoyed the vacation although it rained a lot.
=> In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................................
26. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
27. Tom will not pass the examination although he studies well.
=> In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................................
28. He is still fat though he has been on a diet for 2 years.
=> In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................................
29. Although his English was good, he wasn’t chosen.
=> However.................................................................................................................
30. Although Judy was severely disabled, she participated in many sports.
=> Despite...................................................................................................................
31. It doesn’t matter how hard she tries, she never beat Sue at tennis.
=> However.................................................................................................................
32. No matter what he says, nobody believes him.
=> Whatever................................................................................................................
33. He always woke up early no matter how late he had gone to bed.
=> However.................................................................................................................
34. Melissa’s father was very busy, but he still played with her.
=> Busy.......................................................................................................................
35. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
36. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this
machine.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
37. We did the test well though it was difficult.
=>In spite of ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
38. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.
=> Despite .........................................................................................................................................................................................................

Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly

14/10/2020

HOMEWORK
Exercise 1: Rewrite
1. He is very rich. He isn’t happy. (although)
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2. She couldn’t answer the question. She is very intelligent. (though)
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3. He tried. He was not successful. (though)
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4. His life is hard. He determined to study well. (although)
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5. He was wise and experienced. He was not taken in. (though)
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Exercise 2: Change the clause of concession to phrase.

1. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
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2. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this
machine.
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3. We did the test well though it was difficult.
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4. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.
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5. The plane took off though the weather was bad.
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6. Though his English was good, he wasn’t chosen.
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7. Although the streets are narrow, many people drive in this city.
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8. Mr Pike doesn’t wear glasses though he is over sixty.
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9. He ate the chocolate cake even though he was on diet.
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10. He studies very well though his life was hard at that time.
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

Exercise 3: Change the clause of reason to phrase.

1. Because she was careful, she didn’t make any mistakes in her answers.
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2. I started to cough because there was smoke in the room.
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3. We didn’t go fishing because the water was rough.
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4. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.
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5. Peter didn’t go to school yesterday because he was sick.
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6. Mary went to bed early because she felt tired.
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7. She didn’t go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold.
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8. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard.
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9. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
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10. I like him because his father is kind to me.

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Exercise 4 : Choose A, B, C or D that best completes each unfinished sentence
1. ______ we were in town , we often met him .
a. For b. Although c. So d. When
2 . She didn’t get the job ____ she had all the necessary qualifications .
a. because b. although c. so d. but
3. I could not eat ____ I was very hungry .
a. even though b. in spite c. despite d. in spite the fact that
4. In pite _____ , the baseball game was not cancelled .
a. the rain b. of the rain
c. it was raining d. there was a rain
5. ______ he had enough money , he refused to buy a new car .
a. In spite b. In spite of c. Despite d. Although
6. ______ , he walked to the station .

Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly

 14/10/2020

a. Despite being tired b. Although to be tired

c. In spite being tired d. Despite tired
7. The children slept well , despite _____
a. it was noise b. the noise c. of the noise d. noisy
8. She left him __________ she still loved him .
a. even if b. even though c. in spite of d. despite
9. _______ her lack of hard work , she was promoted .
a. In spite b. Even though c. in spite of d. despite of
10. _______ they are brothers, they do not look like .
a. Although b. Even c. Despite d. In spite of
11. We are concerned with the problem of energy resouces ________ we must also think
of our environment .
a. despite b. though c. as though d. but
12. ______ some Japanese women are successful in business , the majority of Japanese
companies are run by men .
a. But Even if c. If d. As though
Exercise 5:
1. Mai worked hard , ______ she passed her exam .
A. so B. although C. because D. though
2. The boy can’t reach the shelf ____ he’s not tall enough.
A. because B. although C. even though D. and
3. ____ it rained , the boys played football .
A. Even B. Even though C. However D. In spite of
4. _______ the traffic , I arrived on time .
A. Though B. Although C. Even though D. In spite of
5. We watched TV the whole evening ______ we had nothing better to do.
A. because B. though C. so D. but
6. ______ it was late , I decided to phone Brian.
A. Despite B. However C. In spite of D. Though
7. ______ the car was cheap , it was in good condition .
A. Although B. Because C. As D. If
8. ______ the storm, the ship couldn’t reach its destination on time.
A. In case of B. In spite of C. Because of D. But for
9. He was offered the job ______ he had no experience.
A. even though B. despite C. while D. however
10. We postponed the picnic __________
A. because it is raining heavily B. because of the raining heavily
C. because the heavily rain it was D. because it was raining heavily
11. _____.her severe pain, she tried to walk to the auditorium to attend the lecture.
A. Although B. Despite C. though D. In spite
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

12. She went to bed early _______she felt tired.

A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
13. I couldn’t read the letter _______ the darkness.
A. despite B. in spite of C. because of D. because
14. The boys were punished___________he made many mistakes.
A. in spite of B. because C. even though D. as if
15. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.
A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking
B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking
C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking
D. However we felt cold, we kept walking
16. She decided to leave her job in the company_____she could earn a lot of money there.
A. because B. although C. despite D. since
17. Hong didn’t participate in the English contest_________ her lack of confidence.
A. because B. because of C. since D. despite
18. He hid that letter in a draw_________no one could read it.
A. so that B. although C. in spite of D. because
19. I could not eat ____ I was very hungry .
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. in spite the fact that
20. In pite _____ , the baseball game was not cancelled .
A. the rain B. of the rain C. it was raining D. there was a rain
21. ______ he had enough money , he refused to buy a new car .
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
22. ______ , he walked to the station .
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired
C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired

23. The children slept well, despite _____

A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
24. She was so busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
A. Because she was very busy, she couldn’t answer the phone.
B. Because she was very busy, she could answer the phone.
C. Though she was very busy, she couldn’t answer the phone.
D. Though she was very busy, she could answer the phone.
25. No matter how hard I tried I couldn't open the door.
A. Although I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.
B. Although I tried very hard, I could open the door.
C. In spite of I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.
D. I couldn't open the door,even though trying very hard.

Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly

14/10/2020

26. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.

A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking
B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking
C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking
D. However we felt cold, we kept walking
27. The children laughed a lot because of the funny story.
A. The children laughed because the story is funny.
B. The children laughed because of the story funny
C. The children laughed because it was funny.
D. The children laughed because the story was funny
28. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Bill took a taxi he can’t come to the concert on time.

Exercise 6: REWRITE
Although/ in spite of
1. Although he got up early, he was late for the first train.
à In spite …..……………………………………………...
2. Though English grammar is difficult, we like to study it.
à In spite …...……………………………………………...
3. Although he is an excellent doctor, he can’t cure liver cancer.
à Despite …..……………………………………………..
4. Although he got up early, he was late for the first train.
à In spite ….……………………………………………...
5. Although English grammar is difficult, we like to study it.
à In spite ….……………………………………………...
6. Although he is an excellent doctor, he can’t cure lever cancer.
à Despite …..……………………………………………..
7. Although my friend doesn’t have enough money, she wants to buy that new car.
à Despite …………………………………………………..
8. Although Mai didn’t speak English well, she decided to live in London.
à In spite …………………………
9. Athough he is sick, he goes to school.
à In spite of ………………………………………………
10. Although Lan was tired, she did all her homework carefully.
à Despite ….……………………………………………..
11. Despite the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city.
à Though ….……………………………………………..
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

12. In spite of the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movie.
à Although ….……………………………………………
13. They worked very hard inspite of their old age.
à Although …..……………………………………………
14. Everybody has a great regard for her despite her poverty.
à Although ………………………………………………
15. They worked very hard despite their old age.
à Although ….……………………………………………...
Because/ because of
1. Peter didn’t go to school yesterday because he was sick.
à Because of …….………………………………………
2. Mary went to bed early because she felt tired.
à Because of ….…………………………………………
3. She didn’t go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold.
à Because of ….…………………………………………
4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard.
à Because of ….…………………………………………
5. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
à Because of ….…………………………………………
6. I like him because his father is kind to me.
à Because of …..…………………………………………
7. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.
à Because of ………………………………………………
8. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.
àBecause of ………………………………………………
9. We arrived late because of the bad traffic.
 Because …………………………………………………………
10. He couldn’t sleep because of his worries.
 Because ……………………………………………………………
11. He is tired because of staying up late last night.
 Because ……………………………………………………………
12. Maria couldn’t return home because of losing all her money.
 Because ……………………………………………………………
13. Because of my friend’s absence, I have to copy the lesson for him.
 Because ……………………………………………………………

LISTENING
Friends
I think I have the _____friends in the world. They are just ________to me__family.
In fact, they are my family, really. My best friends and I all grew up together and ____so
Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly
14/10/2020

many ______together. We know everything about each other. I would do anything for my
friends and I’m sure they’d do anything for me. I’m sure there’s nothing in the world that
could _____us _____being_____. I’ve also made lots of other good friends from
______and the ______I’ve worked. They are also important to me. We are now all over the
world and it’s sometimes ______to meet each other, but we_______. One day I’d like to
get all of my friends together for a______. That’d be great fun.

Designer: Phùng Hoàng Khánh Ly