Electronics: (SSC Grade 10)

10
Electronics
(SSC Grade 10)
Quarter 1 (Week 4-6)– Module 2:
More is Better Than One-

Exploring Circuits
Electronics – Special Science Class Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: More is Better Than One- Exploring Circuits
First Edition, 2020
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10
Electronics (SSC Grade 10)
Quarter 1 (Week 4 to 6)– Module 2:
More is Better Than One-
Exploring Circuits
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Electronics for SSC Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on More is Better Than One-Exploring Circuits!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Electronics for SSC Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module Electronics: Then and Beyond.
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
2
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.
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At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
What I Need to Know
In Module 1, you have learned about circuits. Circuits are all over your homes.
Your cellular phone has a complex circuit network. A television plugged in a 220-V
socket is a circuit. Your LED lamp switched on is a circuit.
Resistance, current, and voltage are the three physical elements that keep a
circuit working. For a simple circuit with one load, we can use Ohm’s Law in its
simplicity to identify the amount of current, voltage, and resistance.
A circuit can have two or more loads connected either in parallel, series, or
both. How would current, voltage, and resistance interplay in these circuits?
This module is developed for you to understand how multi-circuits work.
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

• Lesson 1 – Series Circuit
• Lesson 2 – Parallel Circuit
• Lesson 3 – Series-Parallel Circuit
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Differentiate between a series and a parallel circuit.
(E10-Q1-W3-LC3)
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1.1. Investigate the properties of a series and parallel circuit
1.2. Represent series and parallel connections in a circuit diagram
1.3. Describe how current, voltage, and resistance manifest in series
and parallel circuit
2. Solve problems involving series, parallel, and series-parallel circuits.
(E10-Q1-W4to6-LC4)
2.1 Apply the principles of Ohm’s Law in series, parallel, and series-parallel
connections.
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What happens to the voltage in a series circuit?
A. The voltage in each load is equal.
B. The voltage is the same all over the circuit.
C. The total voltage is divided among the loads connected in the circuit.
D. Each load receives a voltage drop equal to the total amount of voltage.
2. What is TRUE about the path of current in a parallel circuit with 3 loads
connected?
A. Each load has the same path for current.
B. The circuit has 3 different paths of current.
C. The path of current in the circuit is in series.
D. All of the above
For items 3-6, refer to the given diagram.
3. What type of connection is displayed?

A. series circuit C. series-parallel circuit
B. parallel circuit D. None of the given choices
4. What is TRUE about the current in the three bulbs?

A. The sum of the current in the three bulbs is equal to the total current.
B. The current is increasing from the first bulb to the third bulb.
C. The current is decreasing from the first bulb to the third bulb.
D. The current in the three bulbs are equal.
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5. What will happen to the bulbs if the switch will be turned on? The bulbs will…
A. light but will be busted after some time.
B. not light because it is an open circuit.
C. light because it is a closed circuit.
D. turn on and off alternately.
6. Suppose the switch were turned on and the 1 bulb was removed, what will happen
to the other bulbs? The other bulbs will
A. shine less bright. C. will not light.
B. shine brighter. D. will explode.
7. Which is TRUE about the given diagram?

A. Two loads in parallel connected via series to the third load.
B. Two loads in series connected via parallel to the third load.
C. Three loads in parallel together.
D. Three loads in series together.
8. What happens to the voltage as soon as the switch is turned on?

The voltage…
A. is distributed evenly to the three bulbs.
B. supplied to the three bulbs will be the same.
C. will decrease in amount from the first bulb to the third bulb.
D. will increase in amount from the first bulb to the third bulb.
9. What happens to the other bulbs if the first bulb will be busted?
The other bulbs will
A. be short-circuited. C. light even brighter.
B. still light normally. D. not operate properly.
10. What will happen to the current in a circuit if the voltage is increased four times
and the resistance is held constant?
A. doubled C. reduced into half value
B. increased four times D. reduced into 1/ 4 of the value
11. What will happen to the resistance in a circuit if the voltage is increased while
the current is held constant?
A. increases C. becomes zero
B. decreases D. becomes infinite
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For items 12-14, refer to the given description.
Three bulbs are connected in series to a 12-V battery. Bulb 1, 2 and 3
have resistance equal to 1Ω, 2Ω, and 3Ω respectively.
12. What is the total resistance in the circuit?

A. 6 Ω B. 1 Ω C. 0. 55 Ω D. 0
13. What is the individual current in each bulb?

A. Bulb 1= 2 A Bulb 2= 2 A Bulb 3= 2 A
B. Bulb 1 = 12 A Bulb 2 = 6 A Bulb 3= 4 A
C. Bulb 1 = 1 A Bulb 2 = 2 A Bulb 3=3A
D. Bulb 1 = 6 A Bulb 2= 6 A Bulb 3= 6 A
14. What is the voltage drop in each bulb?

A. Bulb 1= 12 V Bulb 2= 12 V Bulb 3= 12 V
B. Bulb 1 = 2 V Bulb 2 = 4 V Bulb 3= 6 V
C. Bulb 1 = 2 V Bulb 2 = 2 V Bulb 3=2V
D. Bulb 1 = 12 V Bulb 2= 24 V Bulb 3= 36 V

Three bulbs are connected in parallel to a 220-V outlet. Bulb 1, 2 and 3
have resistance equal to 10Ω, 20Ω, and 30Ω respectively.

A. 60.0 Ω B. 10.0 Ω C. 5.5 Ω D. 1.5 Ω
16. What is the total current in the circuit?

A. 3.67 A B. 6 A C. 22 A D. 40 A

C. Bulb 1 = 10 A Bulb 2 = 20A Bulb 3 = 30 A
D. Bulb 1 = 3.67 A Bulb 2= 3.67 A Bulb 3= 3.67 A

C. Bulb 1 = 22 V Bulb 2 = 11 V Bulb 3=7V
7
Three loads (L1= 1Ω, L2= 5Ω, L3= 3Ω) are connected to a 4.5 V battery as shown
below.
19. Which loads are in series?

A. Load 1 and Load 2 C. Load 2 and Load 3
B. Load 1 and Load 3 D. Load 1, Load 2, and Load 3
20. Which loads are in parallel?

A. Load 1 and Load 2 in parallel with Load 3
B. Load 1 and Load 3 in parallel with Load 2
C. Load 2 and Load 3 in parallel with Load 1
D. Load 1, Load 2, and Load 3
21. What is the total voltage in the circuit?

A. 0.5 V B. 4.5 V C. 9.5 V D. 13.5 V

A. 9Ω B. 3Ω C. 2Ω D. 0.65 Ω

A. 6.9 A B. 2.25 A C. 2.0 A D. 0.5 A
24. What is the individual current in each load?

A. Load 1= 0.75 A Load 2= 0.75 A Load 3= 1.5 A
B. Load 1 = 0.75 A Load 2 = 0.75 A Load 3= 0.75 A
C. Load 1 = 1.5 A Load 2 = 1.5 A Load 3 = 1.5 A
D. Load 1 = 1.5 A Load 2= 1.5 A Load 3= 0.75 A
25. What is the voltage drop in each load?

A. Load 1= 0.75 V Load 2= 0.75 V Load 3= 0.75 V
B. Load 1 = 3.75 V Load 2 = 0.75 V Load 3= 4.5 V
C. Load 1 = 4.5 V Load 2 = 4.5 V Load 3 = 4.5 V
D. Load 1 = 0.75 V Load 2= 3.75 V Load 3= 4.5 V
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Lesson
1 Series Circuit
Your households are equipped with a lot of circuits. In a single connection,

you could have two or more loads either sharing the voltage or the current in the
circuit. Some of these connections are in series, in parallel, or series-parallel
connection.
What are the properties of an electrical series connection? How does current,
voltage, and resistance be affected if loads are connected in series? To find the
answers to these questions, bring out your pen and your notebook and let us explore
series circuits.
What’s In
A Circuit or Not: Light’s on or Light’s off?

Directions: Study the given diagram. Draw an ON LIGHT BULB ( ) if the
statement indicates a true concept of a circuit and an OFF LIGHT BULB ( ) if

otherwise.
__________ 1. A circuit is a close conducting path for moving charges, thus

producing electrical current.
__________ 2. You can create a circuit by simply using a piece of copper wire and
a light bulb.
__________ 3. In a circuit, the resistance is directly proportional to the current but
inversely proportional to the voltage.
__________ 4. The voltage in a circuit is the electrical pressure that provides a
force allowing charges to flow.
__________ 5. The charges are provided by the conductor used in the circuit.
__________ 6. The load is the element in a circuit that provides electro motive
force.
__________ 7. The switch is the element in a circuit that converts the electrical
energy into some other form.
__________ 8. Adding more voltage source in a circuit will allow charges to flow
faster, thus creating more electric current.
__________ 9. The resistance in a circuit is highly affected by the type of material
used.
__________ 10. Using low quality materials for our household circuits is safe and
energy efficient.
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What’s New
Activity 1.1 Investigating a Series Circuit

Directions: Perform the indicated procedures in the given experiment.
Objectives:
• Create an electrical connection where loads are in series
• Determine the distribution of current, resistance, and voltage in a series circuit
Materials: For this experiment you will be using the phet simulation Circuit
Construction Kit: DC-Virtual Lab
Procedure:
1. Access the phet simulation at:
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-
lab/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab_en.html
You can access the simulation through your smart phone as well.
2. Set up a circuit with two bulbs and a dry cell. Follow the given diagram.
battery wire
bulbs
switch
3. Close the switch. What do you observe?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Disconnect one bulb in the circuit. (Do not close the gap). What do you observe
this time?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Reconnect the wire and the remaining bulb. Compare the brightness of this bulb
when there were two bulbs connected and one bulb connected. What does this
tell you?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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6. Return the bulb in the circuit then turn the switch off.
For the next steps, take note of the following details.
Bulb Bulb 1: the bulb right after the negative terminal of the
battery
Bulb 2: The bulb next to bulb 1 (beside the positive
terminal of the battery)
Ammeter Position 1 for Ammeter: between bulb 1 and battery
(total current in the circuit / IT)
Position 2 for Ammeter: between bulb 1 and 2 (current in
bulb 1/ I1)
Position 3 for Ammeter: between bulb 2 and battery
(current in bulb 2/ I2)
Voltmeter For voltmeter, the orange jack has a positive polarity.
Connect this to the positive terminal of the battery and
the bulbs. The black jack has a negative polarity.
Connect this to the negative terminal of the battery
and the bulbs.
Position 1 for Voltmeter: across the battery (total voltage

in the circuit/ VT)- Connect the two jacks to the two
terminals. Follow correct polarity assignment.
Position 2 for Voltmeter: across bulb 1 (voltage delivered
to bulb 1/V1)- Connect the two jacks to the two terminals.
Follow correct polarity assignment.
to bulb 2/ V2)- Connect the two jacks to the two terminals.
Follow correct polarity assignment.
5. Connect the voltmeter at position 1. Record the voltage reading in Table 1 as VT.
6. Connect the voltmeter at position 2. Record the voltage reading in Table 1 as V 1.
What can you say about the three voltage readings?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. Connect the ammeter at position 1. Record the current reading in Table 1 as I T.

9. Connect the ammeter at position 2. Record the current reading in Table 1 as I 1.
What can you say about the three current readings?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
11. Compute for the resistance in bulb 1 (R1), bulb 2 (R2) and the overall resistance
(RT). Use Ohm’s Law. Record your answers in Table 1.
What can you say about these three values of resistance?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Table 1
I1 I2 IT
Current Reading
V1 V2 VT
Voltage Reading
R1 R2 RT
Computed
Resistance
What is It
Series Circuit
A series circuit has two or more loads connected with only one path of current
through all of them. The series path is made by connecting an end of each component
to an end of the next. Which end comes first does not matter with the load.
There is only one path for electron flow, the current is the same in all the
series components. The total voltage is shared by each component. The sum of the
individual voltages of the components is equal to the over-all voltage in the circuit.
The total resistance is equivalent to the sum of the individual resistance of each load.
These principles are summarized in Table 2.
Table 2. Current, Voltage, and Resistance in a circuit.
Current IT = I1 = I2 = … In No matter how many loads you added in

a series circuit, the current in each load
would still be equal to the total current.
If all the loads have the same amount of

resistance, the bulb will have equal
brightness.
Voltage VT = V1 + V2… + Vn The total voltage in the circuit is shared
by each load.
The more load you added, the lesser the

voltage drop will be in each load.
In the activity, as you add more bulbs,
the brightness of each bulb will
eventually diminish.
Resistance RT = R1 + R2… + Rn Each load contributes to the total
resistance in a circuit.
The more load you added in the circuit,

the higher the total resistance will be.
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The figure below shows the schematic diagram of a series circuit.
CHALLENGE QUESTION:
Would you connect all the lights/ bulbs/ LEDs at your home in series
connection? Why? (Give 3 valid reasons.)
Problem Solving
1. Three bulbs are connected in series. The three bulbs have a resistance of 2Ω, 4Ω,
and 6Ω respectively. These bulbs are connected to a 220-V source.
Compute for the following:
a. Total Resistance
b. Total Current
c. Current in each load/ bulb
d. Voltage in each load/ bulb
Given:
R1 = 2 Ω R2 = 4 Ω R3 = 6 Ω VT = 220 V
A. Total Resistance =?
Required: Total Resistance/ RT
Equation: RT = R 1 + R 2 + R 3
Solution: RT = R 1 + R 2 + R3
=2Ω+4Ω+6Ω
Answer: RT = 12 Ω
B. Total Current =?
Required: Total Current/ IT
𝑽
Equation: 𝑰𝑻 = 𝑹𝑻
𝑻
𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝑽
Solution: 𝑰𝑻 =
𝟏𝟐 𝜴
Answer: IT = 18.33 A
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C. Current in each load
Required: Current in Bulb 1/ I1
Current in Bulb 2/ I2
NOTE: In a series circuit, the current in each load is equal to the total
current in the circuit.
Equation: IT = I 1 = I 2 = … I n
Solution & Answer: IT = I1 = I2 = I3 = 18.33 A
D. Voltage in each load

Required: Voltage drop in Bulb 1/ V1
Voltage drop in Bulb 2/ V2
Voltage drop in Bulb 3/ V3
Equation: 𝑽𝟏 = 𝑰𝟏 𝑹𝟏
Solution for V1: 𝐕𝟏 = 𝐈𝟏 𝐑 𝟏

V1 = (18.33 A)(2 Ω)
Answer: 𝐕𝟏 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟔𝟔 𝐕
Solution for V2 𝐕𝟐 = 𝐈𝟐 𝐑 𝟐
V2 = (18.33 A)(4 Ω)
Answer: 𝐕𝟐 = 𝟕𝟑. 𝟑𝟐 𝐕
Solution for V3 𝐕𝟑 = 𝐈𝟑 𝐑 𝟑
V3 = (18.33A)(6Ω)
Answer: 𝐕𝟑 = 𝟏𝟎𝟗. 𝟗𝟖 𝐕
Note: If we are going to add the three voltages, we will get 219.96 V which
is approximately equal to 220 V. This is the total voltage in the circuit.
2. Three resistors are connected to a 12V voltage as shown below.
Resistor 2 Resistor 3
Resistor 1
R= 10 Ω R= 15 Ω
I= 0.4 A
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Find:
a. Total Current
b. Total Resistance
c. The current in each resistor
d. The voltage in each resistor
Given: VT = 12 V I1 = 0.4 A R2 = 10 Ω R2 = 15 Ω
A. Total Current =?
Note: The current of load 1 is given. Remember, in a series circuit, the current in each
load is equal to the total current in the circuit.
Equation: IT = I1= I2 = I3
Solution: I1 = 0.4 A= IT
Answer: IT = 0.4 A
B. Total Resistance =?
𝐕𝐓
Equation: 𝐑𝐓 = 𝐈𝐓
𝟏𝟐 𝐕
Solution: 𝐑 𝐓 = 𝟎.𝟒 𝐀
Answer: RT = 30 Ω
C. Current in each resistor

Given: Current in resistor 1/ I1 = 0.4 A
Required: Current in resistor 2/ I2
Current in resistor 3/ I3
NOTE: In a series circuit, the current in each load is equal to the total
current in the circuit.
Equation: IT = I1 = I2 = … In
Solution & Answer: IT = I1 = I2 = I3 = 0.4 A
D. Voltage in each resistor

Required: Voltage drop in resistor 1/ V1
Voltage drop in resistor 2/ V 2
Voltage drop in resistor 3/ V 3
Equation: 𝑽𝟏 = 𝑰𝟏 𝑹𝟏
15
Solution for V1: 𝐕𝟏 = 𝐈𝟏 𝐑 𝟏
We don’t have a value for R1 but we can compute for R1 using the given
equation: RT = R1 + R2 + R3
Solve for R1:

RT = R 1 + R2 + R 3
R1 = RT - R2 + R3
R1 = 30 Ω – (10 Ω + 15 Ω)
R1 = 5 Ω
Solution for V1 𝐕𝟏 = 𝐈𝟏 𝐑 𝟏
V1 = (0.4 A)(5 Ω)
Answer: 𝐕𝟏 = 𝟐 𝐕
Solution for V2 𝐕𝟐 = 𝐈𝟐 𝐑 𝟐
V2 = (0.4 A)(10 Ω)
Answer: 𝐕𝟐 = 𝟒 𝐕
Solution for V3 𝐕𝟑 = 𝐈𝟑 𝐑 𝟑
V3 = (0.4A)(15Ω)
Answer: 𝐕𝟑 = 𝟔 𝐕
Note: If we are going to add the three voltages, we will get 12 V. This is the
total voltage in the circuit.
What’s More
Activity 1.2 Problem Set in Series Circuit

A. Directions. Fill in the given sentences with the correct term/s. Write your
answer in a separate sheet.
1. The current in every part of the series circuit is ______________.

2. The voltage supplied by the source is the _____________________ in the series
circuit.
3. The voltage supplied by the source is ________________ among the loads in the
series circuit.
4. To calculate the resistance, _______________ all the resistance of each load.
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5. Removing one load in a series circuit will cause the other load to _______________.
6. Adding more loads to a series circuit will _________________ the total resistance.
7. Current _____________________ for each load no matter how many loads you add
in a series circuit.
8. There is __________________ path for current in a series circuit.
B. Directions: Solve the given problems. Show your complete solution.

1. Three bulbs are connected in series. Bulb 1 has a resistance of 15 Ω. The second
bulb has a resistance of 8 Ω and the third bulb has a resistance of 12 Ω. The total
current in the circuit is 6.28 A.
a. Draw a schematic diagram for the circuit.
b. Compute for the total resistance and total voltage in the circuit.
c. Compute for the current in each bulb.
d. Compute for the voltage drop in each bulb.
2. Four resistors with equal amount of resistance are in series to a 12 V battery.

The total current in the circuit is 15 A.

b. Compute for the total resistance in the circuit.
c. Compute for the voltage drop in each resistor.
d. Compute for the current in each resistor.
What I Can Do
Activity 1.3 Series Circuit in Everyday Life

Directions. List down 10 examples of series circuits found in homes, vehicles, and
other areas. Write a brief description about these.
What I Have Learned
1. A series circuit is a close conducting path for current consisting of two or

more loads.
2. The current in any part of a series circuit is constant.
3. The voltage supplied by the source is distributed to each load.
4. The resistance adds up as you increase more load in a series circuit.
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Lesson
2 Parallel Circuit
Components in a series circuit have equal values of current. But parallel

circuits are used where it is necessary to have one common voltage across all the
components.
What’s In
Diagram Analysis
Directions. Study the given diagram then answer the questions that follow.
1. How does this diagram differ from the diagram of a series circuit?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. How many paths of current are there in this diagram? Why do you say so?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
What’s New
Activity 2.1 Investigating Parallel Circuit

Directions: Perform the indicated procedures in the given experiment.
Objectives:
• Create an electrical connection where loads are in parallel
• Determine the distribution of current, resistance, and voltage in a parallel circuit
18
Materials: For this experiment, you will be using the phet simulation Circuit
Construction Kit: DC-Virtual Lab
Procedure:
1. Access the phet simulation at:
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-
lab/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab_en.html
You can access the simulation through your smartphone as well.
2. Set up a circuit with two bulbs and a dry cell. Follow the given diagram.
battery bulbs
switch
3. Close the switch. What do you observe?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Disconnect one bulb in the circuit. (Do not close the gap). What do you observe
this time?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Compare the brightness of the remaining bulb to its brightness when the
other bulb was still connected.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Return the bulb in the circuit then turn the switch off.
For the next steps, take note of the following details.

Bulb Bulb 1: the bulb right nearest to the battery
Bulb 2: The bulb next to bulb 1
Ammeter Position 1 for Ammeter: beside the battery (total current

in the circuit / IT)
Position 2 for Ammeter: beside bulb 1 (current in bulb 1/
I1)
Position 3 for Ammeter: beside bulb 2 (current in bulb 2/
I2)
Voltmeter For voltmeter, the orange jack has a positive polarity.
Connect this to the positive terminal of the battery and
the bulbs. The black jack has a negative polarity.
Connect this to the negative terminal of the battery
and the bulbs.
19
Position 1 for Voltmeter: across the battery (total voltage
in the circuit/ VT)- Connect the two jacks to the two
terminals. Follow the correct polarity assignment.
to bulb 1/V1)- Connect the two jacks to the two terminals.
Follow the correct polarity assignment.
to bulb 2/ V2)- Connect the two jacks to the two terminals.
Follow the correct polarity assignment.
5. Connect the voltmeter at position 1. Record the voltage reading in Table 1 as VT.
What can you say about the three voltage readings?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. Connect the ammeter at position 1. Record the current reading in Table 1 as I T.

What can you say about the three current readings?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
11. Compute for the resistance in bulb 1 (R 1), bulb 2 (R2), and the overall resistance
(RT). Use Ohm’s Law. Record your answers in Table 1.
What can you say about these three values of resistance?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Table 3. Values Measured

I1 I2 IT
Current Reading
V1 V2 VT
Voltage Reading
R1 R2 RT
Computed
Resistance
20
What is It
Parallel Circuit
A parallel circuit is formed when two or more components are connected
across one voltage source. The polarity of the connections does not matter for
resistors. Each parallel path is then a branch circuit, with its own current.
The characteristics of a parallel circuit is summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Current, Voltage, and Resistance in a Parallel Circuit.
Voltage VT = V1 = V2 = … Vn No matter how many loads you added in

a parallel circuit, the voltage in each
load would still be equal to the total
voltage.
Current IT = I1 + I2… + In The total current in the circuit is shared

by each load.
The more load you added, the lesser the

current will be in each load.
Resistance 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 The reciprocal of the total resistance is

= + + ⋯+
𝑹𝑻 𝑹𝟏 𝑹𝟐 𝑹𝒏 equal to the sum of the individual
reciprocals of the resistance in each
load.
The more load you added to the circuit,

the lesser the total resistance will be.
CHALLENGE QUESTION:
What is the danger of connecting plenty of loads in parallel?
Problem Solving
1. Three bulbs are connected in parallel. The three bulbs have a resistance of 2Ω,
4Ω, and 6Ω respectively. These bulbs are connected to a 220-V source.
Compute for the following:
a. Total Resistance
b. Total Current
c. Voltage in each load/ bulb
d. Current in each load/ bulb
21
Given:
R1 = 2 Ω R2 = 4 Ω R3 = 6 Ω VT = 220 V
A. Total Resistance =?
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Equation = + +𝐑
𝐑𝐓 𝐑𝟏 𝐑𝟐 𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Solution: = + +𝐑
1 1 1 1
= + + 6Ω
RT 2Ω 4Ω
1 6+3+2
=
RT 12 Ω
1 11
=
RT 12 Ω
12 Ω
RT = 11
Answer: 𝐑 𝐓 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟗𝛀
B. Total Current =?
𝐕
Equation: 𝐈𝐓 = 𝐑𝐓
𝐓
𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝐕
Solution: 𝐈𝐓 = 𝟏.𝟎𝟗 𝛀
Answer: IT = 201.83 A
C. Voltage in each load

Required: Voltage in Bulb 1/ V1
Voltage in Bulb 2/ V2
Voltage in Bulb 3/ V3
NOTE: In a series circuit, the voltage in each load is equal to the total
voltage in the circuit.
Equation: VT = V1 = V 2 = … V n
Solution & Answer: VT = V1 = V2 = V3 = 220 V
22
D. Current in each load
Required: Current in Bulb 1/ I1
𝐕
Equation: 𝐈=
𝐑
𝐕
Solution for V1: 𝐈𝟏 = 𝐑𝟏
𝟏
220 V
I1 = 2 Ω
Answer: 𝐈𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎 𝐀
𝐕𝟐
Solution for V2 𝐈𝟐 =
𝐑𝟐
220 V
I2 = 4 Ω
Answer: 𝐈𝟐 = 𝟓𝟓 𝐀
𝐕𝟑
Solution for V3 𝐈𝟑 =
𝐑𝟑
220 V
I2 = 6 Ω
Answer: 𝐈𝟑 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟔𝟕 𝐀
Note: If we are going to add the three current, we will get 201.67 A which is
approximately equal to 201.83 A. This is the total current in the circuit.
2. Three resistors are connected to a 9V voltage as shown below.
Resistor 3, R = 2 Ω
Resistor 2, R = 1 Ω
Resistor 1, I = 0.9 A
Find:
a. Resistance in Resistor 1
b. Total Resistance
c. Total current in the circuit
d. The voltage in each resistor
e. The current in each resistor
23
Given: VT = 9 V I1 = 0.4 A R2 = 10 Ω R2 = 15 Ω
A. Resistance in Resistor 1
Required: R1
𝐕𝟏
Equation: 𝐑𝟏 = 𝐈𝟏
In a parallel circuit, the voltage in each load is equal to the voltage supplied by the
source. Hence, V1 = 9 V
𝐕𝟏
Solution: 𝐑𝟏 = 𝐈𝟏
9𝑉
R1 = 0.4 𝐴
Answer: 𝐑𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎 𝜴
B. Total Resistance =?
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Equation: = + +𝐑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Solution: = + +𝐑
1 1 1 1
= + + 2Ω
RT 10 Ω 1Ω
1 1+10+5
=
RT 10 Ω
1 16
=
RT 10 Ω
10 Ω
RT = 16
Answer: 𝐑 𝐓 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐𝟓 𝛀
C. Total Current =?
𝐕
𝐓
9V
Solution: IT = 0.625 Ω
Answer: IT = 14.4 A
D. Voltage in each load

Required: Voltage in Resistor 1/ V1
Voltage in Resistor 2/ V2
Voltage in Resistor 3/ V3
24
NOTE: In a series circuit, the voltage in each load is equal to the total
voltage in the circuit.
Equation: VT = V1 = V2 = … Vn
Solution & Answer: VT = V1 = V 2 = V 3 = 9 V
E. Current in each load

Required: Current in Resistor 1/ I1
Current in Resistor 2/ I2
Current in Resistor 3/ I3
𝐕
Equation: 𝐈=𝐑
𝐕
Solution for V1: 𝐈𝟏 = 𝐑𝟏
𝟏
9V
I1 = 10 Ω
Answer: 𝐈𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟗 𝐀
𝐕
Solution for V2 𝐈𝟐 = 𝐑𝟐
𝟐
9V
I2 = 1 Ω
Answer: 𝐈𝟐 = 𝟗 𝐀
𝐕
Solution for V3 𝐈𝟑 = 𝐑𝟑
𝟑
9V
I2 = 2 Ω
Answer: 𝐈𝟑 = 𝟒. 𝟓 𝐀
Note: If we are going to add the three current, we will get 14.4 A. This is the
computed total current in the circuit.
What’s More
Activity 2.2 Problem Set in Parallel Circuit

A. Directions. Fill in the given sentences with the correct term/s. Write your
answer on a separate sheet.
1. The voltage in every part of the parallel circuit is ______________.
2. The voltage supplied by the source is the _____________________ in a parallel
circuit.
25
3. The voltage supplied by the source is ________________ to the voltage in each load
in a parallel circuit.
4-5. To calculate the resistance, get the ____________________ of the sum of the
__________________ of the individual resistance in each load.
6. Removing one load in a parallel circuit will cause the other load to
________________________________.
7. Adding more loads to a parallel circuit will _________________ the total resistance.
8. As you increase the number of loads, the current in each load will
___________________.
9. There are ____________________ possible paths for current in a parallel circuit.
B. Directions: Solve the given problems. Show your complete solution.

1. Three bulbs are connected in parallel. Bulb 1 has a resistance of 25 Ω. The
second bulb has a resistance of 15 Ω and the third bulb has a resistance of 20 Ω.

b. Compute for the total resistance and total voltage in the circuit.
c. Compute the current in each bulb.
d. Compute for the voltage drop in each bulb.
2. Four resistors with equal amount of resistance are in parallel to a 12 V battery.

b. Compute for the total resistance in the circuit.
c. Compute for the voltage drop in each resistor.
d. Compute the current in each resistor.
What I Can Do
Activity 2.3 Parallel Circuit in Everyday Life

Directions. List down 10 examples of parallel circuits found in homes, vehicles,
and other areas. Write a brief description of these.
What I Have Learned
1. A parallel circuit has two or more loads connected across a voltage source.
2. The voltage drop in each load is equal to the voltage source.
3. The total current in a parallel circuit is the sum of the individual current in
each load.
4. The reciprocal of total resistance is the sum of the reciprocals of the individual
resistances.
26
Lesson
3 Series-Parallel Circuit
There are cases that components are series-connected in some parts and
parallel-connected in other parts. This means that we won’t be able to apply a single
set of rules for the circuit. Instead, we have to identify which components are
connected in series and which components are connected in parallel. Hence, to solve
problems involving series-parallel combination circuits, you must identify first how
components are connected.
Perform the next task and let us see how good you are in analyzing this type
of combination circuit.
What’s New
Activity 3.1 Identifying Components in one Combination

Directions: Study the given diagrams then identify which loads are in series and
are in parallel.
A.
Resistor 1
Resistor 2
B.
27
What is It
Series-Parallel Combination Circuits

As mentioned earlier, a series-parallel combination circuit has some loads that
are connected in series while other loads are connected in parallel. Since the rules
for current, voltage, and resistance in series and parallel circuits are quite different,
solving problems involving this type of combination circuit is a little complex. But
the first step that you should take is to identify which loads are connected to other
loads in series and which loads are connected to other loads in parallel.
Problem Solving
Example #1
1. Load 1 and Load 2 are in series

since they are connected from end to
end. Let us rename this combination
as L4.
The diagram can be simplified as
shown in Figure 2.
Figure 1
Load 4 (series-combination of L1 and L2)
In Figure 2, Load 4 and Load 3 are

clearly parallel connected.
Load 3
In computing the total current, total
voltage, and total resistance, we will
consider Load 4 and Load 3.
A. Total Resistance
1. First let us compute the resistance for LOAD 4 (Combination of Load 1 and Load
2/ SERIES).
Given: R1 = 1 Ω R2 = 5 Ω
Required: R4 =?
Equation: R4 = R 1 + R 2
28
Solution: R4 = 1 Ω + 5 Ω
Answer: R4 = 6 Ω
2. We can now compute for the total resistance (Load 4 and Load 3/ PARALLEL).
Given: R4 = 6 Ω R3 = 3 Ω
Required: RT =?
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Equation: = +𝑹
𝑹𝑻 𝑹𝟑 𝟒
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Solution: = +
𝑹𝑻 𝟑Ω 𝟔Ω
1 2+1
=
RT 6Ω
1 3
=
RT 6Ω
6Ω
RT =
3
Answer: 𝐑𝐓 = 𝟐 𝛀
B. Total Current
Given: VT = 4.5 V RT = 2 𝛀
Required: IT =?
𝐕𝐓
4.5 V
Solution: IT =
𝟐𝛀
Answer: 𝐈𝐓 = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟓 𝐀
C. Current, Voltage, and Resistance in each Load

1. Load 3
R3 = 3Ω (given)
V3 = 4. 5 V (The load is in parallel to the voltage source.)
𝐕𝟑 𝟒. 𝟓 𝑽
𝐈𝟑 = = = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝑨
𝐑𝟑 𝟑𝛀
2. For Load 1 and Load 2, let us first reconcile the values for LOAD 4
R4 = 6 Ω (See solution #1)

V4 = 4.5 V (This combination is in parallel to the voltage source.)
𝐕𝟒 𝟒. 𝟓 𝑽
𝐈𝟒 = = = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝑨
𝐑𝟒 𝟔𝛀
29
Load 1
R1 = 1 Ω (Given)
I1 = 0.75 A (Load 1 and Load 2 are in series; hence they’ll get
the same value with the combination/ L4.)
V 1 = I1 R1
= (1 Ω) (0.75 A)
= 0.75 V
Load 2
R2 = 5 Ω (Given)
I2 = 0.75 A (Load 1 and Load 2 are in series; hence they’ll get
the same value with the combination/ L4.)
V 2 = I2 R2
= (5 Ω) (0.75 A)
= 3.75 V
Note: If you are to add V1 and V2 you’ll get 4.5 V which is the same as the voltage
source. This only tells us that the combination of Load 1 and Load 2 is parallel
connected to the voltage source.
Example #2 Four resistors are connected in a 12 V source as shown below. The

resistances offered by resistors 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 6 Ω, and 8 Ω
respectively. Find all the values.
A.
Given: R1 = 2 Ω R2 = 4 Ω R3 = 6 Ω R4 = 8 Ω
Note:
Combination of Resistor 1 and Resistor 2 (Load 5)→ Parallel Connection
Combination of Resistor 3 and Resistor 4 (Load 6)→ Parallel Connection
Combination of Load 5 and Load 6 (OVERALL) → Series Connection
1. Total Resistance
Load 5: Load 6: Overall (series)
1 1 1 1 1 1 RT = R5 + R 6
= + = +
𝑅5 𝑅1
𝑅2 𝑅6 𝑅3
𝑅4 = 1.33 Ω + 3.43 Ω
1 1 1 1 1 1 = 4.76 Ω
= + = +
𝑅5 2Ω 4Ω 𝑅6 6Ω 8Ω
1 2+1 1 4+3
= =
𝑅5 4Ω 𝑅6 24 Ω
1 3 1 7
= =
𝑅5 4Ω 𝑅6 24 Ω
4Ω 24 Ω
𝑅5 = 𝑅6 =
3 7
𝑅5 = 1.33 Ω 𝑅6 = 3.43 Ω
30
2. Total Current
𝐕𝐓 12 𝑉
𝐈𝐓 = = = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟐 𝑨 (This value is also the current of Load 5
𝐑𝐓 4.76Ω
and Load 6.)
3. Current, Voltage, and Resistance in Each Load
A. For Load 1 and Load 2

Load 5 Load 1 Load 2
R5 =1.33 Ω R1 = 2 Ω R2 = 4 Ω
I5 = 2.52 A V1 = 3.35 V V2 = 3.35 V
V5 = I5R5 V1 3.35 V V2 3.35 V
𝐈𝟏 = = = 1.68 A 𝐈𝟐 = = = 0.84 A
= (1.33 Ω) (2.52 A) R1 2Ω 𝑅2 4Ω
= 3.35 V
B. For Load 3 and Load 4
Load 6 Load 3 Load 4

R6 =3.43 Ω R3 = 6 Ω R4 = 8 Ω
I6 = 2.52 A V3 = 8.64 V V4 = 8.64 V
V6 = I6R6 V3 8.64 V V4 8.64 V
𝐈𝟑 = = = 1.44 A 𝐈𝟒 = = = 1.08 A
= (3.43 Ω) (2.52 A) R3 6Ω 𝑅4 8Ω
= 8.64 V
What’s More
Activity 3.2 Series-Parallel Circuit

Directions: In the given circuit, give the total resistance, total current, and
the current, voltage, and resistance in each load.
Four resistors are connected as shown below. The resistance in resistor 1 is 5 Ω,

6 Ω in resistor 2, 7 Ω in resistor 3, and 8 Ω in resistor 4. The source offers a 12 V
potential difference.
Resistor 1
Resistor 2
B.
31
What I Have Learned
1. A series-parallel combination circuit has components connected in series and

other components connected in parallel.
2. Identify first which loads are connected in series and which loads are
connected in parallel
What I Can Do
Activity 3.2 Series-Parallel for Real

Directions: Identify and describe a series-parallel combination circuit found at
home, vehicles, or other places. Use a separate sheet
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What happens to the voltage in a parallel circuit?

A. The voltage in each load is increasing.
B. The voltage is the same all over the circuit.
C. The total voltage is divided among the loads connected in the circuit.
D. Each load receives a voltage drop equal to the total amount of voltage.
2. What is TRUE about the path of current in a series circuit with 3 loads connected?
A. Each load has the same path for current.
B. The circuit has 3 different paths of current.
C. The path of current in the circuit is in series.
D. All of the above
32
3. How do the bulbs are connected? The bulbs are

A. connected in series. C. connected across the source
B. placed side by side. D. Both A and B
4. What is TRUE about the resistance in the three bulbs?

A. The sum of the resistance in the three bulbs is equal to the total resistance.
B. The resistance is increasing from the first bulb to the third bulb.
C. The resistance is decreasing from the first bulb to the third bulb.
D. The resistance bulbs have an equal amount of current.
5. Suppose the bulbs have an equal amount of resistance, what can you say about
their brightness. The bulbs
A. will light with equal brightness.
B. from left to right will have decreasing brightness.
C. from right to left will have decreasing brightness.
D. None of the above.
6. Suppose the switch was turned on and one bulb was removed, what will happen
to the other bulbs? The other bulbs will
A. shine less bright. C. not light.
B. shine brighter. D. will explode.
7. Which type of combination circuit is shown?

A. series circuit C. series-parallel circuit
B. parallel circuit D. All of the given choices.
8. What can you say about the current in this type of circuit?
A. There is one possible path for current.
B. There are three possible paths for current.
C. The current in each bulb increases as time passes by.
D. The current is each bulb is equal to the over-all current.
33
9. What happens to the other bulbs if the first bulb will be busted?
The other bulbs will
A. be short-circuited. C. light even brighter.
B. still light normally. D. not operate properly.
10. What will happen to the current in a circuit if the voltage is increased five times
and the resistance is held constant?
A. doubled C. reduced into quarter value
B. increased five times D. reduced into 90% of the value
11. What will happen to the resistance in a circuit if the voltage is increased while
the current is held constant?
A. increases C. becomes zero
B. decreases D. becomes infinite

Three bulbs are connected in series to a 1.5-V battery. Bulbs 1, 2, and 3
have the same resistance equal to 1Ω.
A. 1 Ω B. 2 Ω C. 3 Ω D. 4 Ω

A. Bulb 1= 0.5 A Bulb 2= 0.5 A Bulb 3= 0.5 A
C. Bulb 1 = 1.5 A Bulb 2 = 1.5 A Bulb 3=3A
D. Bulb 1 = 0.5 A Bulb 2= 1.5 A Bulb 3= 1.5 A

A. Bulb 1= 1.5 V Bulb 2= 1.5 V Bulb 3= 1.5 V
C. Bulb 1 = 0.5 V Bulb 2 = 0.5 V Bulb 3 = 0.5 V
D. Bulb 1 = 0.5 V Bulb 2= 1 V Bulb 3= 1.5 V

Three bulbs are connected in parallel to a 220-V outlet. Bulbs 1, 2, and
3 have resistance equal to 5 Ω, 5 Ω, and 10 Ω respectively.
A. 2 Ω B. 5 Ω C. 10 Ω D. 20 Ω

A. 11 A B. 10 A C. 44 A D. 110 A

C. Bulb 1 = 11 A Bulb 2 = 11 A Bulb 3 = 22 A
D. Bulb 1 = 110 A Bulb 2= 110 A Bulb 3= 110 A
34
C. Bulb 1 = 44 V Bulb 2 = 44 V Bulb 3 = 22 V

Four loads with an equal amount of resistance (3Ω) are connected to a 4.5 V
battery as shown below.
Resistor 1
Resistor 2
19. Which loads are in series?

A. Resistors 1 and 2
B. Resistors 1, 2, 3, and 4
C. Resistors 1, 2, and the combination of Resistors 3 and 4
D. Combination of resistors 1 and 2 and the combination of resistors 3 and 4
20. Which loads are in parallel?

A. Resistors 1 and 2 C. Resistors 1 and 3
B. Resistors 3 and 4 D. Resistors 2 and 4
21. What is the total voltage in the circuit?

A. 0.5 V B. 4.5 V C. 9.5 V D. 13.5 V

A. 7.5 Ω B. 3Ω C. 2Ω D. 0.65 Ω

A. 6.9 A B. 2.25 A C. 2.0 A D. 0.6 A
24. What is the individual current in each resistor?

A. R 1= 0.75 A R 2= 0.75 A R 3= 0.6 A R 4 = 0.6 A
B. R 1 = 0.75 A R 2 = 0.75 A R 3= 0.75 A R 4 = 0.75
C. R 1 = 0.6 A R 2 = 0.6 A R 3 = 0.3 A R 4 = 0. 3 A
D. R 1 = 1.8 A R 2= 1.8 A R 3= 0.9 A R 4 = 0.9 A
35
25. What is the voltage drop in each resistor?
A. R 1= 4.5 V R 2= 4.5 V R 3= 4.5 V R 4 = 4.5 V
B. R 1 = 1.5 V R 2 = 1.5 V R 3= 0.75 V R 4 = 0.75 V
C. R 1 = 0.6 V R 2 = 0.6 V R 3 = 0.3 V R 4 = 0. 3 V
D. R 1 = 1.8 V R 2= 1.8 V R 3= 0.9 V R 4 = 0.9 V
Additional Activities
Construct and Solve

Directions. Perform the indicated tasks in each item.
1. Construct a simple series-parallel combination circuit using the phet simulation.
2. Measure the total current, total resistance, and total voltage.

3. Measure the current, voltage, and resistance in each load.
4. Come up with a screenshot of your circuit and print it on paper. Include the
schematic diagram of your circuit and your measurements.
References
Books
General Physics 2. 2018. Rex Book Store, Inc: Sampaloc, Manila
Grob, B. 1993. Grob Basic Electronics. McGraw-Hill Book Company: Westerville
Pavico, J. M. F., et.al. 2013. Exploring Life Through Science. Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc.: Quezon City, Philippines
Physics Textbook.2009. Book Media Press, Inc.: Quezon City, Philippines
Online Source
DC Circuit Lab. https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc-
virtual-lab/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab_en.html
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Light_bulb_icon_light.svg
https://thenounproject.com/term/off-light-bulb/1558501/
36
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]
37

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What are circuits and their components discussed in the module?

What are circuits and their components discussed in the module?

How are circuits classified based on the arrangement of components?

How are circuits classified based on the arrangement of components?

10

More is Better Than One-

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region I

Office Address: Flores St., Catbangen, City of San Fernando, La Union

Notes to the Teacher

For the learner:

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

The following are some reminders in using this module:

What I Need to Know

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

After going through this module, you are expected to:

For items 3-6, refer to the given diagram.

3. What type of connection is displayed?

4. What is TRUE about the current in the three bulbs?

For items 7-11, refer to the given diagram.

7. Which is TRUE about the given diagram?

8. What happens to the voltage as soon as the switch is turned on?

12. What is the total resistance in the circuit?

13. What is the individual current in each bulb?

14. What is the voltage drop in each bulb?

For items 15-18, refer to the given description.

15. What is the total resistance in the circuit?

16. What is the total current in the circuit?

17. What is the individual current in each bulb?

18. What is the voltage drop in each bulb?

19. Which loads are in series?

20. Which loads are in parallel?

21. What is the total voltage in the circuit?

22. What is the total resistance in the circuit?

23. What is the total current in the circuit?

24. What is the individual current in each load?

25. What is the voltage drop in each load?

Your households are equipped with a lot of circuits. In a single connection,

A Circuit or Not: Light’s on or Light’s off?

statement indicates a true concept of a circuit and an OFF LIGHT BULB ( ) if

__________ 1. A circuit is a close conducting path for moving charges, thus

Activity 1.1 Investigating a Series Circuit

3. Close the switch. What do you observe?

Position 1 for Voltmeter: across the battery (total voltage

8. Connect the ammeter at position 1. Record the current reading in Table 1 as I T.

Table 2. Current, Voltage, and Resistance in a circuit.