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Basic Process Control System Module (Revised)

The document describes an online learning module on basic process control systems from Rizal Technological University. The module aims to help students understand key concepts of process control including: the importance of process control, different types of variables, the three basic components of a control system, process control diagrams, and the differences between regulatory and servo control. The module contains learning objectives, activities, lessons, and assignments to help students learn about basic process control systems.

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Christy Jane Sanchez
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
274 views

Basic Process Control System Module (Revised)

The document describes an online learning module on basic process control systems from Rizal Technological University. The module aims to help students understand key concepts of process control including: the importance of process control, different types of variables, the three basic components of a control system, process control diagrams, and the differences between regulatory and servo control. The module contains learning objectives, activities, lessons, and assignments to help students learn about basic process control systems.

Uploaded by

Christy Jane Sanchez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

ONLINE LEARNING MODULE


TOPIC Basic Process Control System
INTENDED SUBJECT PROCESS CONTROL ENGINEERING
SYLLABI WEEK NO. 3
KEYWORDS Process Control, Process Control Management
RESOURCES
LEARNING Upon completion of this module you will be able to:
OBJECTIVE(S) 1. know the importance of Process Control
2. Identify different Kinds of Variables
3. Differentiate the three Basic Component of Control System
4. Identify Process Control Diagram
5. Identify three principle type of signal
6. Differentiate Regulatory and servo control

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

1. Identification of PID in simple process diagram.

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

Summative Test

Figure 3.0 A weight control system from the Antics. An automatic bartender?

The weight control system shown in Figure 3.0 seems to be an automatic bartender.1 Explain how the control system
works.

Below are mentioned several processes which are supposed to be controlled. The process output variable is indicated
in parenthesis.

For each of the processes, what is

• control (manipulating) variable

• disturbances or loads or environmental variables (these are alternative names)

Make your own assumptions.

The processes are as follows:

1. Robot arm or manipulator driven by an electric motor (arm position)

2. Steam heated heat exchanger with some process fluid to be heated (temperature of fluid outlet)

3. Ship positioned with thrusters (denoted a dynamic positioning system) (ship position)

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

LESSON PROPER

1. Basic Process Control System Definition:


system which handles process control and monitoring for a facility or piece of equipment.
responsible for the proper operation of the plant, and in many instances is used in the first layer of protection against unsafe
conditions.
 Why we need to control a process? Because processes are dynamic – changes always occurred
 What does a control system do? Maintain certain variables within some limit e.g temperature in a room
 There are many applications where part or all of a process has to be controlled. e.g.
a. Temperature d. Level

b. pressure e. Composition

c. flow f. Others

 Automatic Control

Maintaining the process variables (temperature, pressures, flows, compositions) at some desired operating value.

Systems that control the variables without requiring intervention from the operator.

2. Importance of Process Control


a. energy savings - energy wastage is reduced when your plant and machinery are efficiently operated
b. improved safety- control systems automatically warn you of any abnormalities which minimises the risk of accidents
c. consistent product quality - variations in product quality are kept to a minimum and reduce your wastage
d. lower manufacturing costs -detecting faults early means throughput, yield and quality are maintained
e. improved environmental performance - systems can give you an early warning of a rise in emissions.
3. Kinds of Variables
a. Controlled variables - the variable that must be maintained at the desired value (set point)
b. Manipulated variables - the variable that need to be regulated in order to maintain the controlled variable at the set point
c. Disturbances - variables that tend to drive the controlled variable away from the set point
d. Uncontrolled variables - Variables in the process that are not controlled.

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

An Everyday Example of Process Control


Control Objective (Setpoint):
Maintain the temperature in the room (27 oC)
Controlled variable:
Temperature in the room
Manipulated variable:
Speed of the fan
Disturbance:
Weather

4. Three Basic Component of Control System


a. Measurement (M) measure the variable to be controlled. sensor-transmitter combination
b. Decision (D) Controller decides what to do to maintain the variables at its desired value feedback controller
c. Action (A) System must take an action based on controller’s decision control valve (final control element)
Other important terms
d. Set point (SP)-desired value of the control variable.
e. Open loop system - The behavior with no controllers in the system
f. Closed loop system– the controller is connected to the process, comparing the set point to the controlled variable and
determining and taking corrective action

5. Process Control Diagram

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

6. Process Control Diagram

7. Three principle type of signal

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

8. Differentiate Regulatory and servo control


a. For process that the controlled variable deviates from set point because of disturbance – regulatory control
b. For process that the most important disturbance is the set point itself – servo control

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

Course Flow
Learning Module Topic

Learning Objective/s

Intended Learning Activities

Lesson Proper

Learning Activities

Generalization

Learning Assignment

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio


RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

GRADUATE SCHOOL

GENERALIZATION

The Basic process control system cater a big role to obtain a proper operation of the plant to protection against unsafe
conditions since process are dynamic, meaning changes always occurred due to different types of variables to consider.
It is also important to save energy, help to achieve consistent product quality, lower manufacturing cost and improve
environmental performance.

LEARNINGASSIGNMENT

An additional point of view for module 1 (not mandatory).

REFERENCE/S

 https://stiautomation.net/basic-process-control-systems/
 https://www.scribd.com/presentation/291180321/1-INTRODUCTION-TO-PROCESS-CONTROL-1-ppt?
fbclid=IwAR2DysxO7Nhh7CbaqIdSCX0KAlTZxRoohilI1lAVXUFimxwLPZDfklqK_p0
 https://www.nibusinessinfo.co.uk/content/process-control-systems-industrial-processes

Designer: Dr. Ronaldo S. Tinio

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