TYPE DESIGN

of the glider

TST-14

BONUS

Submitted by: TeST, spol s r.o.

Husova 1559
666 01 TIŠNOV
Czech Republic
Date:

Signature:

Stamp:
Type marking: TST-14 M

Regulations:

The Certificate of Airworthiness is issued according to the standard ULK, first issue,
with alterations dated 10 Dec 2001, having respect to JAR 22.

Description:

The glider TST-14 M is all-composite two-seated cantilever mid-wing monoplane

with T-shaped tail.

The wing with a sandwich rib less structure is equipped with ailerons and air brake
on the upper surface. The C-D shaped spar is shaped by flange plates from CF
composite. Both wings are connected by couple of pins in spar stumps. The
connection wing-fuselage and the torque interception is realized by pins laminated
into the root rib.

All-composite ailerons are hanged by four hinges placed on the upper side of the
airfoil.

Air brakes, placed on the upper side behind the main spar are made of aluminium
alloy sheet. They are retracted into appropriate pits.

The fuselage with sandwich structure is made in the negative mould together with
the vertical fin.

Horizontal tail unit (VOP) with sandwich T-shaped structure is removable.

CONTROLS of the glider consist of the elevator controls, aileron controls, rudder
controls and air brake controls and of the longitudinal trim. The hand controls are by
means of the lever with the transmission of the deflections by rods. The stops of the
rudders are placed on the stick. The cables transmit the deflections of the rudder
controls with the adjustable pedals and stops. The longitudinal trim is carried out by
means of the torsion element in the control system of VOP and controlled by the
lever on the left hand side of the pilot compartment. The lever controls the air
brakes on the upper area of the wing and the rods and the torsion rod transmits the
force.

LANDING GEAR: The main landing gear with main wheel (350 x 100 mm) is
housed in a swinging spring-mounted fork, front wheel is fixed. The lever placed on
the ground controls the brake. The tail landing gear is provided with turnable tail
wheel (80 x 30 mm).
POWER PLANT
The aircraft is driven by an auxiliary engine ROTAX 503UL-D.C.D.I cooled by air stream. The
reducer 1:2 is type B . The fixed wooden propeller has dia 1200 mm and pitch 850 mm. The engine
bed is made of thin-wall steel profiles (material L-CM 3) , using four rubber springs dia 60 mm. The
bed is turnable through a bin dia 15 mm and swivel bearings placed in brackets on the root wing spar
fittings.

The power plant is extracted by a 12 V DC servo with a epicyclic gear and trapezoidal self-locking
screw with a nut. The set is balanced by a gas strut. Both the servo and the strut act on the bed on a
common pin, their reaction into the fuselage baffle is distributed through the common pin and a
support. The position of the main turning point, the angle of the extraction and little distance between
the engine CG and the aircraft CG means only insignificant displacement of the CG at extracted and
retracted power plant. The power plant is locked in both end positions by backstops. The engine
area is covered by doors controlled by an independent servo.

The pilot controls extracting and retracting of the power unit by two push buttons on the instrument
panel, one for extracting, the other one for retracting. The very movement is ensured by an electronic
unit controlled by a microprocessor, which takes care of an automatic opening of the engine doors,
end position voltage-out switches, signals informing the pilot and connecting of the starter only in
fully extracted position. Also retracting of the engine while the engine is running is impossible. The
propeller is stopped in its vertical position for retraction by an automatic backstop.

The fuel tank welded from Al sheet is placed in the sealed composite cover in front of the baffle Nr.
5. Venting and drainage is through landing gear pit. The fuel goes to the engine by a flexible hose
through interchangeable fuel filter, fuel cock and membrane fuel pump into two floatless membrane
carburettors. There is a fuel capacity sensor in the tank. The refuelling is done by means of a funnel
through a 25 mm hose with a plug on the right side of the fuselage. The drainage is possible through
the landing gear pit.. The fuel installation involves a hand spraying pump PRIMER in order to make
cold starts easier.

Basic parameters of the aircraft:

Wing:

Span ................................................................................ 17.00 m

Mid-span ......................................................................... 11.20 m
Root chord ...................................................................... 1.00 m
Mid chord ......................................................................... 0.64 m
Tip chord .......................................................................... 0.36 m

Global characteristics of the wing

Area ................................................................................. 12.084 m2

Aspect ratio ..................................................................... 23.91592
Mean geometrical chord .................................................. 0.71082 m
Mean aerodynamical chord SAT ...................................... 0.75635 m
Xsat .................................................................................. -0.19304 m
Ysat ................................................................................. 3.63176 m
Xac .................................................................................. -0.00396 m
Neutral point NB .............................................................. 45%SAT
NB from leading edge...........................................………. 0.147313 m
Front CG position from leading edge ………..………… 0.086805 m
Back CG position from leading edge ………….. ............ 0.01117 m
Characteristics of sectors Sector
inner outer
Mid-span [m] 5.60000 2.90000
Sweepback in 1/4c [deg]
Sweepback N.H. [deg] -3.4 -3,4
Area [m^2] 4.59200 1.45000
Aspect ratio [1] 6.82927 5.80000
Tapering [1] 1.56250 1.77778
Geometrical chord [m] 0.82000 0.50000
Aerodynamical chord [m] 0.83317 0.51307
X-position SAT [m] -0.13976 -0.36179
Y-position SAT [m] 2.59512 1.31467
X-position of the aerodynamical centre [m] 0.06853 -0.23352

Fuselage:

Length....................................................................... Ltr=8,240 m
Heigth........................................................................ v tr=1,1 m
Width ........................................................................ str=0,64 m
Front surface............................................................. Str = 0,48 m2

Horizontal tail:

Span........................................................................... bVOP=2,4 m
Area.......................................................................... SVOP=1,068 m2
Area of the stabilizer................................................. Sstab=0,713 m2
Area of the elevator................................................... Svýšk=0,355 m2
Root depth............................................................... c0 k id = 0,55 m
Tip depth................................................................ ck k id = 0,35 m
Aspect ratio................................................................ AVOP=
Angle of incidence to the fuselage axis...................... alfaVOP=0°
Max. deflection up....................................................... deltaVOP =-20°
Max. deflection down.................................................. deltavop=+16°
Arm ................................................................... lVOP = m
Potency....................................................................... VVOP =

Vertical tail:

Area.......................................................................... SSOP= 0,949 m2

2
Area of the fin................................................................ Skyl=0,655 m
2
Area of the rudder..................................................... Ssm r=0,294 m
Root depth................................................................. c0=0,990 m
Root rudder depth..................................................... ckorm 0=0,31 m
Tip depth........................................................................ ck=0,605 m
Tip rudder depth.............................................................. ckorm k = 0,185 m
Height............................................................................. hSOP = 1,19
Weights :

Empty weight max......................................................... m0 = 280 kg

Weight of the crew....................................................... mpil = 65 - 180 kg
MTOW....................................................................... mvzl = 472 kg
Weigh of the wing….................................................. mk = 110kg

Performances:

Stall speed VS0 ......................................................... 65 km/h

Design max. speed VD ................................................ 228 km/h
Max. allowable speed VNE .......................................... 205 km/h
Max. aerotow speed VT ............................................... 150 km/h
Max. gust speed VB ..................................................... 150 km/h
Max. glide ratio teor. .................................................... 40,2/115 km/h

Load factors:

at speed VA = 150 km/hod ........................................ n1 = +5,2

n4 = -2,6
VNE = 210 km/hod ....................................... n2 = +4
n3 = -2

Basic equipment:

Airspeed indicator up to 250 km/h

Altimeter
Variometer
Compass
Four-points safety belts
 Envelope of the glider TST-14
m=472 kg

1 speed (km/h)

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

-1

-2

-3

-4
5