Jhunalyn Alvarado Beed-Ece 4 Course Title/Number: Peace Education / Weekly Module No. 7

PILGRIM CHRISTIAN COLLEGE
UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST IN THE PHJILIPPINES
School of Education
COURSE MODULE
First Semester S.Y. 2020-2021
Jhunalyn Alvarado
BEED-ECE 4
Course Title/Number : Peace Education / Weekly Module No. 7
Special Topic 2
A. Unit Description/ Introduction
Conflict in general , do not spring up like plant shoots from grains . They
are developed consciously or unconsciously. Each stage is as crucial as the
other because the earlier stage leads conflict formation to the later stage until conflict
becomes a full-blown problem.
B. Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of the semester, the students are expected to:
1. define conflict formation
2. summarize the stages in conflict formation
3. explain the conflict strategies in contentious behavior
C. Procedure
a. Motivation
One good source of conflict is conflict of interest. Primarily, conflicts

endure because the issues involved are not settled. Endurance of conflict is
attributable to contentious attitude and behavior among parties. Along this
contentious behavior , certain strategies are employed to get the adversary to the
party’s side.
b. Topic Input
Meaning of conflict formation
Stages in conflict formation
Conflict strategies
.c. Activities and Assessment
Discuss the following questions :
1. What is conflict formation?
Conflicts formation is when two groups or individuals interacting in the same situation see the
situation differently because of different sets of settings, information pertaining to the universe,
awareness, background, disposition, reason or outlook.
2. How is conflict formed? Explain the stages of conflict formation
and cite examples of each stage.
Conflict occurs with two or more people who, despite their first attempts at agreement, do
not yet have agreement on a course of action, usually because their values, perspectives
and opinions are contradictory in nature. Conflict can occur when your values and
perspectives are threatened.
We will be working around a model that includes five stages of conflict. In the first stage, the
"Latent Stage," the people who are in conflict are not yet aware that a conflict may exist. For
example a project may have been turned in late to a client, but the manager is not aware of
it yet so the participants are not aware there is a conflict brewing. The "Perceived Stage" is
when the people involved in a conflict become fully aware that there is a conflict, such as
when the manager discovers that the project has been delivered late and goes to speak to
the employee about it. During the "Felt Stage" stress and anxiety are felt by one or more of
the participants due to the conflict, and this leads to the "Manifest Stage," during which the
conflict can be observed. The Manifest Stage can take a number of shapes including: e-
mails, phone calls, phone messages, face-to-face meetings, or any situation in which the
conflict could be observed. The final stage is the "Aftermath Stage," which takes place when
there is some outcome of the conflict, such as a resolution to, or dissolution of, the problem.
FIVE STAGES OF CONFLICT FORMATION:
 Latent Stage: Participants not yet aware of conflict

 Perceived Stage: Participants aware a conflict exists
 Felt Stage: Stress and anxiety
 Manifest: Conflict is open and can be observed
 Aftermath: Outcome of conflict, resolution or dissolution
3. How can we handle conflict? Explain the conflict strategies.
To handle conflict, including avoiding, defeating, compromising, accommodating, and

collaborating. This is based on the assumption that people choose how cooperative and how
assertive to be in a conflict.
The Thomas-Kilmann Model identifies five different approaches to resolving conflict. These
approaches include:
1. Avoiding
Someone who uses a strategy of "avoiding" mostly tries to ignore or sidestep the conflict,
hoping it will resolve itself or dissipate.
2. Accommodating
Using the strategy of "accommodating" to resolve conflict essentially involves taking steps to
satisfy the other party's concerns or demands at the expense of your own needs or desires.
3. Compromising
The strategy of "compromising" involves finding an acceptable resolution that will partly, but not
entirely, satisfy the concerns of all parties involved.
4. Competing
Someone who uses the conflict resolution strategy of "competing" tries to satisfy their own
desires at the expense of the other parties involved.
5. Collaborating
Using "collaborating" involves finding a solution that entirely satisfies the concerns of all
involved parties.
The Thomas-Kilmann model identifies two dimensions people fall into when choosing a conflict
resolution strategy: assertiveness and cooperativeness. Assertiveness involves taking action to
satisfy your own needs, while cooperativeness involves taking action to satisfy the other's
needs.
Each of the conflict resolution strategies above involves different degrees of assertiveness and
cooperativeness. For example, while accommodating includes a high degree of
cooperativeness and a low degree of assertiveness, competing consists of a low degree of
cooperativeness and a high degree of assertiveness.
4. What are the causes of conflict?
The four causes of conflict are: differing aims and methods, competing or disparage goals,
differences in philosophies and personality conflicts.Conflict can arise when people have
different aims. For example, two coworkers may disagree about the best way to complete a
task. Each believe their method to be the superior one, and each individual may then feel
compelled to defend their choices. This type of conflict is particularly common in situations
where a deadline is pressing. If the deadline is met, quality will suffer. If quality standards are
maintained, the deadline will not be met. When one team member is willing to sacrifice
timeliness and the other believes quality should be sacrificed, the resulting conflict in some
ways cuts to the heart of the nature and mission of the business itse
5. What are the types of conflict ?
These are the 5 types of conflict commonly found in literature.
Person vs. Self - A struggle within yourself
Person vs. Person

A struggle against 1 or several people
Person vs. Society
A struggle against general people, rules (laws) of the world...

* human/civil rights
* racism
Person vs. Nature
A struggle against nature or sickness such as:

* cancer
*natural disasters (hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires...)
Person vs. Unknown
A struggle against non-human characters or against the unknown such as:

* zombies, aliens, ghosts
References :
Corpuz, B.B. (2013). Special Topics , Volume 4. Lorimar Publishing Inc
Dayagpil , F. T. ( 2012). Special Topics , Volume 3. Lorimar Publishing Inc.
De Torres, A. Q. (2008). Education for Peace. Lorimar Publishing Inc.
Gregorio, B. L. (2009). Peace and Development Education. C & E Publishing
Inc.
Vega, V. V. Prieto, N. G. & Carreon ,M. L. (2015). Special Dimensions of

Education, Revised Edition, Lorimar Publishing Inc.
Prepared by :
ESTRELLA S. FERENAL , PhD
Instructor

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PILGRIM CHRISTIAN COLLEGE

UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST IN THE PHJILIPPINES

Course Title/Number : Peace Education / Weekly Module No. 7

A. Unit Description/ Introduction

B. Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the semester, the students are expected to:

1. define conflict formation

2. summarize the stages in conflict formation

3. explain the conflict strategies in contentious behavior

One good source of conflict is conflict of interest. Primarily, conflicts

Meaning of conflict formation

Stages in conflict formation

.c. Activities and Assessment

Discuss the following questions :

1. What is conflict formation?

FIVE STAGES OF CONFLICT FORMATION:

 Latent Stage: Participants not yet aware of conflict

3. How can we handle conflict? Explain the conflict strategies.

To handle conflict, including avoiding, defeating, compromising, accommodating, and

4. What are the causes of conflict?

5. What are the types of conflict ?

These are the 5 types of conflict commonly found in literature.

Person vs. Self - A struggle within yourself

Person vs. Person

Person vs. Society

A struggle against general people, rules (laws) of the world...

Person vs. Nature

A struggle against nature or sickness such as:

Person vs. Unknown

A struggle against non-human characters or against the unknown such as:

Corpuz, B.B. (2013). Special Topics , Volume 4. Lorimar Publishing Inc

Dayagpil , F. T. ( 2012). Special Topics , Volume 3. Lorimar Publishing Inc.

De Torres, A. Q. (2008). Education for Peace. Lorimar Publishing Inc.

Gregorio, B. L. (2009). Peace and Development Education. C & E Publishing

Vega, V. V. Prieto, N. G. & Carreon ,M. L. (2015). Special Dimensions of

ESTRELLA S. FERENAL , PhD

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