AD 439 - Transverse Reinforcement in Composite Beams, April 2020

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Hot rolled flat products made of high yield BS EN 1991-1-7
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delivery conditions

AD 439: Transverse reinforcement in


composite beams
This Advisory Desk note has been produced to light mesh reinforcement has been used in EN1994-1-1 are based on the premise that the
reflect the publication in 2015 of P405 Minimum throughout the slab, as a ‘deemed to satisfy’ longitudinal shear resistance of the slab must be
degree of shear connection rules for UK construction approach, although BS 5950-3.1 and EN 1994- greater than the resistance of the shear connectors
to Eurocode 4. As a result, AD 241: Transverse 1-1 give explicit guidance than can result in a (i.e. the longitudinal shear force that can be
reinforcement in composite beams is redundant. requirement for additional reinforcement. transferred to the slab). Thereby the ability to
Transverse reinforcement in the form of mesh This updated Advisory Desk Note focuses on achieve 6 mm slip at failure is maintained, because
or additional loose bars is required in composite Eurocode design, although the principles also failure of the connectors will always be more
beam design to transfer the longitudinal shear apply to BS 5950 design so the guidance given critical. However, and this was the origin of AD 241,
force from the shear connectors (typically studs) may be readily adapted. the number of shear connectors found in many
into the effective width of the slab. Traditionally, The requirements for transverse reinforcement composite beams is greater than the number

NSC
26 Apr 20
50 years ago

FROM

Building
with
Steel
May 1970

Packaged buildings for cash and carry


Butler Buildings (UK) Limited, London office plant at Kircaldy, Fife. Cladding was supplied 120ft clear span 168ft along with 2ft x 24ft
at 113 Upper Richmond Road, SW15, are at by Butlers Canadian plant, although production width extensions to form a 168ft foot square
present engaged in a program for Crest Cash of this has now commenced in the UK. The building. Canopy as shown is steel 26G
and Carry Stores (Gallaher’s Limited) which building clad both in Monopanl 24/26G dual Butlerib and steel gutters and downpipes are
provides an interesting example of steel skin with glass fibre infill and Butlerib single used throughout.
buildings into one of today's growth businesses. skin sheeting backed with board insulation Crest Cash and Carry stores incorporate a
The building pictured is the recently shows the harmony achieved with burnished very high standard of shopfitting to provide an
completed Hull store. As with other Butler gold walls and parchment Butlerib roof. The attractive interior - at Hull this work was also
Buildings for Crest the architects were roof is insulated throughout with Butler 25 entrusted to Messrs Houltons using a variety of
Boissevan and Osmond, Epsom, and insulation blanket. materials which enhance the clean lines of its
construction of the complete package was by Erection time for the building was 42 days, steel frame.
Geo Houlton and Sons Ltd of Hull, Butler Builder- the entire project being completed by Houltons Other projects to the same specification
dealers for the area. B.B. (UK) Ltd, the European in 21 weeks. 85 tons of steel were used. The have been completed at Morley near Leeds
subsidiary of Butler manufacturing Co, Kansas primary structurals being plate steel, sheared where the Butler Builders were R.M. Thompson
City, the world's largest manufacturers of and welded with roll-formed secondary Ltd of Leeds, and Butler are at present engaged
pre-engineered metal buildings, supplied the structurals. on the construction of the Clayton, Manchester,
primary and secondary structurals from their This Crest store is one of Butlers LRF range store.

needed to achieve the required beam resistance. was originally written has been the publication AD 241 alongside the guidance in P405 could
Often, the design of composite beams is governed of P405. Covering composite beams with both therefore result in a certain amount of double
by serviceability limits, and they are not designed transverse and parallel decking, and considering counting. Moreover, when beams are designed
to achieve their full bending resistance. In such a wider range of variables than EN1994-1-1, it in accordance with P405 it is unlikely that the
cases the studs provided are needed in order to provides new rules for minimum degree of shear ‘old problem’ of being unable to accommodate
satisfy the rules for minimum degree of shear connection. In many cases the number of studs sufficient transverse reinforcement to provide a
connection, which are associated with limiting slip needed on a beam has dramatically reduced resistance in excess of that of the shear connectors
at the steel to concrete interface. So in terms of compared to the EN1994-1-1 provisions. It is will remain.
beam resistance alone, fewer studs could be used, worth noting that one of the variables considered By applying the rules in P405 (which appear in
and therefore less transverse reinforcement. is the beam utilisation in bending, with minimum numerous design software packages) there is no
AD 241 therefore proposed applying a degree of connection now varying according to: need for AD 241.

[ ]
reduction factor to the longitudinal shear force 2
MEd
that was a function of the applied moment Contact: Eleftherios Aggelopoulos
MRd
divided by the moment resistance. Tel: 01344 636555
As noted above, a big change since AD 241 Applying the original guidance given in Email: [email protected]

NSC
Apr 20 27

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