Binary Number System

Dr. Odelu Vanga

Department of Computer Science and Information Systems

Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
[email protected]

January 20, 2019

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 Today’s Topics

Floating Point Data Representation

Convert Decimal Floating to Binary Floating and vis versa
Understand why fixed-point precision required ?

Hexadecimal System
Octal Number System
Binary to Hexadecimal Number (base 16)
Binary to Octal Number (base 8)

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 Interesting Gate Questions

(Gate CS 2002) 4-bit 2’s complement representation of a decimal

number is 1000. Then the number is ———?

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 Interesting Gate Questions

(Gate CS 2002) 4-bit 2’s complement representation of a decimal

number is 1000. Then the number is ———?

(Gate CS 2007) Suppose X = 01110 and Y = 11001 are 5-digit

binary numbers represented in 2’s complement format. The sum
of X and Y in 2’s complement format using 6-bits format is
————-?

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 20, 2019 3 / 26

 Interesting Gate Questions

(Gate CS 2002) 4-bit 2’s complement representation of a decimal

number is 1000. Then the number is ———?

(Gate CS 2007) Suppose X = 01110 and Y = 11001 are 5-digit

binary numbers represented in 2’s complement format. The sum
of X and Y in 2’s complement format using 6-bits format is
————-?

(Gate CS 2016) The 16-bit 2’s complement representation of an

integer is 1111 1111 1111 0101. Then it’s decimal representation
is ————?

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 20, 2019 3 / 26

 Interesting Gate Questions

(Gate CS 2002) 4-bit 2’s complement representation of a decimal

number is 1000. Then the number is ———?

(Gate CS 2007) Suppose X = 01110 and Y = 11001 are 5-digit

binary numbers represented in 2’s complement format. The sum
of X and Y in 2’s complement format using 6-bits format is
————-?

(Gate CS 2016) The 16-bit 2’s complement representation of an

integer is 1111 1111 1111 0101. Then it’s decimal representation
is ————?

(Gate CS 2005) The rang of integers that can be represented

using n-bit 2’s complement systems: ————?

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 20, 2019 3 / 26

 Decimal Equivalent

Decimal point. For example

7 2 3
(284.723)10 = (2×102 +8×101 +4×100 + + 2 + 3 )10
10 10 10

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 Decimal Equivalent

Decimal point. For example

7 2 3
(284.723)10 = (2×102 +8×101 +4×100 + + 2 + 3 )10
10 10 10

Binary point. For example

0 1 1
(1011.011)2 = (1×23 +0×22 +1×21 +1×20 + + 2 + 3 )10
2 2 2

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Conversion

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Decimal to Floating Point Conversion

Convert the absolute value of the decimal number to a binary
integer plus a binary fraction.

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Decimal to Floating Point Conversion

Convert the absolute value of the decimal number to a binary
integer plus a binary fraction.

To convert 4.875 to binary floating point

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Decimal to Floating Point Conversion

Convert the absolute value of the decimal number to a binary
integer plus a binary fraction.

To convert 4.875 to binary floating point

Convert decimal 4 to binary 100.
Convert decimal 0.625 to binary 0.101.
Combine integer and fraction to obtain binary 100.101

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Converting Binary to Decimal

1
0.1 = = 0.510
2

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Converting Binary to Decimal

1
0.1 = = 0.510
2
0 1
0.01 = + 2 = 0.2510
2 2

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Converting Binary to Decimal

1
0.1 = = 0.510
2
0 1
0.01 = + 2 = 0.2510
2 2
0 0 1
0.001 = + + 3 = 0.12510
2 22 2

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Converting Binary to Decimal

1
0.1 = = 0.510
2
0 1
0.01 = + 2 = 0.2510
2 2
0 0 1
0.001 = + + 3 = 0.12510
2 22 2

Convert floating point number 100.101 to decimal number

1 0 1
100.101 = 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20 + + + 3
2 22 2
= 4 + 0 + 0 + 0.5 + 0 + 0.125

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 Floating Point Data Representation

Converting Binary to Decimal

1
0.1 = = 0.510
2
0 1
0.01 = + 2 = 0.2510
2 2
0 0 1
0.001 = + + 3 = 0.12510
2 22 2

Convert floating point number 100.101 to decimal number

1 0 1
100.101 = 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20 + + + 3
2 22 2
= 4 + 0 + 0 + 0.5 + 0 + 0.125
= 4.62510

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 Binary-Octal-Hexadecimal

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Converting Decimal to Hexadecimal:

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Converting Decimal to Hexadecimal:

We denote Hexadecimal number with prefix 0x.

In the above case, the hexadecimal number is 0x103C.

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 20, 2019 20 / 26

 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Converting Binary to Hexadecimal

Since 24 = 16, each Hex digit effectively represents the same
numeric count as four binary digits.

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Converting Binary to Hexadecimal

Since 24 = 16, each Hex digit effectively represents the same
numeric count as four binary digits.
Another way to say this is that one column in a Hex number is the
same as four columns of a binary number.

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 20, 2019 21 / 26

 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Converting Binary to Hexadecimal

Since 24 = 16, each Hex digit effectively represents the same
numeric count as four binary digits.
Another way to say this is that one column in a Hex number is the
same as four columns of a binary number.

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 20, 2019 21 / 26

 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Converting Binary to Hexadecimal

Since 24 = 16, each Hex digit effectively represents the same
numeric count as four binary digits.
Another way to say this is that one column in a Hex number is the
same as four columns of a binary number.

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Grouping and finding hexadecimal number

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 Hexadecimal Number System (base-16)

Grouping and finding hexadecimal number

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 Octal Number System (base-8)

Convert 5071 into Octal Number System, and then Binary Format.

Decimal to Octal

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 Octal Number System (base-8)

Convert 5071 into Octal Number System, and then Binary Format.

Decimal to Octal Octal to Binary

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 Octal Number System (base-8)

Convert 5071 into Octal Number System, and then Binary Format.

Decimal to Octal Octal to Binary

Octal Number represents

with zero prefix
In the above example, octal
number is “011717”

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 Interesting Questions

2’s compliment representation of a 16-bit number (one sign bit and

15 magnitude bits ) is FFFF. It’s magnitude in decimal
representation is ———–?

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 Interesting Questions

2’s compliment representation of a 16-bit number (one sign bit and

15 magnitude bits ) is FFFF. It’s magnitude in decimal
representation is ———–?

If 73x (in base-x number system) is equal to 54y (in base-y

number system), the possible values of x and y are ————–?

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 Interesting Questions

2’s compliment representation of a 16-bit number (one sign bit and

15 magnitude bits ) is FFFF. It’s magnitude in decimal
representation is ———–?

If 73x (in base-x number system) is equal to 54y (in base-y

number system), the possible values of x and y are ————–?
(A) 8, 16; (B) 10, 12; (C) 9, 13 ; (D) 8, 11

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 Interesting Questions

2’s compliment representation of a 16-bit number (one sign bit and

15 magnitude bits ) is FFFF. It’s magnitude in decimal
representation is ———–?

If 73x (in base-x number system) is equal to 54y (in base-y

number system), the possible values of x and y are ————–?
(A) 8, 16; (B) 10, 12; (C) 9, 13 ; (D) 8, 11

(1217)8 is equivalent to ———- ?

(A) (1217)16 ; (B) (028F )16 ; (C) (2297)10 ; (D) (0B17)16

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 Interesting Questions

2’s compliment representation of a 16-bit number (one sign bit and

15 magnitude bits ) is FFFF. It’s magnitude in decimal
representation is ———–?

If 73x (in base-x number system) is equal to 54y (in base-y

number system), the possible values of x and y are ————–?
(A) 8, 16; (B) 10, 12; (C) 9, 13 ; (D) 8, 11

(1217)8 is equivalent to ———- ?

(A) (1217)16 ; (B) (028F )16 ; (C) (2297)10 ; (D) (0B17)16

P is a 16-bit signed integer. The 2’s complement representation of

P is (F 87B)16 . The 2’s complement representation of 8 × P is
———?

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 .

Thank you

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