NMIMS Global Access

School for Continuing Education (NGA-SCE)

Course: Decision Science

Internal Assignment Applicable for December 2020 Examination

1. The data of two variables X and Y is given below:

TABLE BELOW

Y X
3 45
4 56
5 54
6 56
7 57
6 58
6 67
6 68
7 76
7 76
8 78
9 79
12 80
13 81
15 84
17 89
a. Calculate the correlation between X and Y
b. Apply the regression between X and Y (as dependent variable)
c. Estimate the R square
d. Predict Y when X = 50
(10 Marks)

Answer 1

A) Calculate the Correlation between X and Y

SUBJECT Y X
1 3 45
2 4 56
3 5 54
4 6 56
5 7 57
6 6 58
 7 6 67
8 6 68
9 7 76
10 7 76
11 8 78
12 9 79
13 12 80
14 13 81
15 15 84
16 17 89

SUBJECT Y X YX Y² X²
1 3 45 135 9 2025
2 4 56 224 16 3136
3 5 54 270 25 2916
4 6 56 336 36 3136
5 7 57 399 49 3249
6 6 58 348 36 3364
7 6 67 402 36 4489
8 6 68 408 36 4624
9 7 76 532 49 5776
10 7 76 532 49 5776
11 8 78 624 64 6084
12 9 79 711 81 6241
13 12 80 960 144 6400
14 13 81 1053 169 6561
15 15 84 1260 225 7056
16 17 89 1513 289 7921
N=16 ∑Y=131 ∑X=1104 ∑YX=9707 ∑Y²=1313 ∑X²=78754

Correlation Correlation Formula

 16(9707) – (1104 × 131) / [√[16( 78754) – (11042)] × [16(1313) – 1312]

= 0.84
 B) Apply regression between X and Y.

a= (∑y) (∑x²)-(∑x) (∑xy)

n (∑x²)-(∑x)²

b= n (∑xy) – (∑x) (∑y)

n ((∑x²)-(∑x)²

a= (131) (78754) - (1104) (9707) / 16 (78754) - (1104)²

= 9.68

b= 16(9707) – (1104) (131) / 16 (78754) – (1104)²

=0.25

C). Estimate the R square

Model Summary

Adjusted R Std. Error of the

Model R R Square Square Estimate

1 .848a .720 .700 2.19331

D). Predict Y when X = 50

The equation is; y = a + bx

Y= -9.68+0.25(50)

= -2.82

2. Following ungrouped data of Sales of a company (in millions) is available

52 33 70 95 57 61
57 64 54 94 38 61
50 39 94 63 59 31
68 88 93 48 82 82
74 70 92 76 98 91
32 33 31 75 54 48
36 64 63 66 92 98
36 54 71 86 84 55
 91 34 64 67 89 78
97 92 53 56 68 55
93 42 51 77 36 93
44 66 63 33 68 79
83 53 86 76 35 40
55 41 36 39 42 96
60 53 38 51 95 56
48 69 49 33 95 37
83 62 96 34 85 32
39 59 77 62 35 34
54 89 36 45 83 34
39 61 88 86 55 33
69 54 30 38 79 77
95 34 38 91 80 90
88 45 95 71 80 43
61 40 31 61 58 53
91 63 60 94 98 53
50 34 75 74 90 98

a. Make the frequency distribution table with appropiate class interval, frequency,
cumulative frequency.
b. Calculate the mean, median, mode and quartiles of grouped data.
c. Calculate the standard deviation, variance and range
d. Make the following diagrams: Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Ogive
(10 Marks)

Answer 2 a)

52 33 70 95 57 61

57 64 54 94 38 61

50 39 94 63 59 31

68 88 93 48 82 82

74 70 92 76 98 91

32 33 31 75 54 48

36 64 63 66 92 98

36 54 71 86 84 55

91 34 64 67 89 78

97 92 53 56 68 55
 93 42 51 77 36 93

44 66 63 33 68 79

83 53 86 76 35 40

55 41 36 39 42 96

60 53 38 51 95 56

48 69 49 33 95 37

83 62 96 34 85 32

39 59 77 62 35 34

54 89 36 45 83 34

39 61 88 86 55 33

69 54 30 38 79 77

95 34 38 91 80 90

88 45 95 71 80 43

61 40 31 61 58 53

91 63 60 94 98 53

50 34 75 74 90 98

Frequency table

When the data is expressed in the inclusive form, it is converted to exclusive form by subtracting
0.5 from lower limit and adding it to upper limit of each class interval.

21 - 30 is expressed in the inclusive form which can be changed and taken as 20.5 - 30.5 which is
the exclusive form of the data.

Marks Number of Cumulative

students frequency
(Class interval)
(frequency)
 20.5-30.5 1 1

30.5-40.5 33 34

40.5-50.5 14 48

50.5-60.5 24 72

60.5-70.5 24 96

70.5-80.5 16 112

80.5-90.5 17 129

90.5-100.5 25 154

F= 154

b) Calculate the mean, median, mode and quartiles of grouped data.

Class f x f×x c.f

20.5-30.5 1 25.5 25.5 1

30.5-40.5 33 35.5 1171.5 34

40.5-50.5 14 45.5 637 48

50.5-60.5 24 55.5 1332 72

60.5-70.5 24 65.5 1572 96

70.5-80.5 16 75.5 1208 112

80.5-90.5 17 85.5 1453.5 129

90.5-100.5 25 95.5 2387.5 154

Mean= ∑fx

= 9787/ 154 = 63.55

Median

To find the median class

Value of N/2 observation

154/2 = 38.5. It lies between class intervals 30.5- 40.5

L+ N/4 –c.f × c.

30.5+ 38.5-1 × 10.

154

70+1.22 =71.22

Mode

Mode is the highest frequency it lies between 30.5-40.5

L + (f1-f0) ×c

(2×f1-f0-f2)

30.5 + (33-1) × 10

(2×33-1-14)

=36.77

Quartile-

Value of N/4 observation

154/4 = 38.5. It lies between class intervals 30.5- 40.5

L+ N/4 –c.f × c.
 F

30.5+ 38.5-1 × 10.

154

30.5+2.43 = 32.93
c) Calculate the standard deviation, variance and range

Standard deviation formula

Variance formula

Range = Maximum Value–Minimum Value.

Descriptive Statistics

N Range Mean Std. Deviation Variance

VAR00005 8 32.00 19.2500 9.58794 91.929

Valid N (listwise) 8

d)Histogram
 Number of students (frequency)
35
30
25
20
15 Number of students
(frequency)
10
5
0

Frequency polygon

3.a. For a certain type of computers, the length of time between charges of the battery is
normally distributed with a mean of 50 hours and a standard deviation of 15 hours. Mr Y
owns one of these computers and wants to know the probability that the length of time will
be between 50 and 70 hours. (5 Marks

3.b. The length of life of an instrument produced by a machine has a normal distribution
with a mean of 12 months and standard deviation of 2 months. Find the probability that an
instrument produced by this machine will last (a) Less than 7 months (b) Between 7 and 12
months (5 Marks)

Answer 3

a) Mean =50 or µ =50

S.D= 15 or σ=15

Probability between 50 < x < 70

Formula

Z= (x−μ) σ

Here Z we have assume 0 and x value= 70

Z=0
Z= (x−μ)/ σ
Z= (70−50)/15=1.33
Z= (70−50)/15=1.33 for finding the probability between  50 <x<70
In the standard form 0<z<1.33
Hence using Z-table, the area is equal to 0.4082

b) Mean = 12
SD = 2
Z= (x−μ) σ
X1 Value = 7 month

Z = (7 - 12)/2 = - 2.5

=hence according to z scores calculated value, an instrument produced by this machine will last
less than 7 months probability is > 0.0062 as per table value

X2 Value = 16 months

Z = (16 - 12)/2 = 2    => 1 - 0.9972 = 0.0228

= hence according to z scores calculated value, an instrument produced by this machine will last
more than 16 months probability is > 0.9972 as per table value.

Probability scores between= 0.9972 -  0.0062  = 0.991  

0.991   is the probability that an instrument produced by this machine will last between 7 and 16
months