SHARDA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF NURSING

SCIENCE AND RESEARCH

SUBJECT: NURSING SPECIALITY-I PAEDIATRIC HEALTH

NURSING

ASSIGNMENT ON:

NATIONAL POLICY RELATED TO CHILD HEALTH

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MS. CHINGANGBAM SONIA DEVI NEELAM SHAH
SENIOR LECTURER 2020815354
SHARDA UNIVERSITY MSc.1ST YEAR
 National policy related to child care

Introduction

India is the home to the largest child population in the world. The
constitution of India guarantee fundamental right to all the children
in the country and empowers the state to make special provisions
for children. The state is responsible for ensuring that childhood is
protected from exploitation and moral and material abandonment.

The government of India adopted a national policy for children in

august 1974.
The principles of India’s national policy for children are as following:
1. A comprehensive health program for all children and provision
of nutrition services for children.
2. 2. Provision of health care, nutrition and nutrition education for
expectant and nursing mother.
3. Free and comprehensive education up to 14 years of age and
reduce wastage and stagnation in school.
4. Out of school education, for those not has access to formal
education.
5. Promotion of games recreation and extracurricular activities in
school and community centers.
6. Special program for children of weaker section.
7. Facilities for education, training and rehabilitation for children
of distress
8. Protection against neglect, cruelty and exploitation.
9. Banning of employment in hazardous occupations and in heavy
work for children.
10. Special treatment education, rehabilitation and care of
physically handicapped, emotionally disturbed or mentally
retarded children.
11. Priority for the protection and relief of the children in times of
national distress and calamity.
12. Special programs to encourage talented and gifted children,
particularly of weaker section.
13. The paramount consideration in all relevant laws in the
“interests of children”.
14. Strengthening family ties to enable children to grow within the
family, neighborhood and community.

PRIORITIES IN PROGRAMME FORMULATION

— Preventive and promotive aspects of children and child health.
— Nutrition for infants and children in the preschool age along
with nutrition for nursing and expectant mother.
— Maintenance, education and training of orphans and destitute
children.
— Creches and other facilities for care of children of working and
ailing mothers.
— Care, education and training of handicapped children

NATIONAL POLICY FOR CHILDREN – 2011

— This policy is framed keeping in mind the Rights of All
Children; a child being any person before, during and after
birth until the age of 18 yrs.
— Focuses on rights based approach from need based
approach.
— It outlines the way in which Government of India aims to
safeguard, inform, support and empower children, both in
their individual situation and in development of country as a
whole.
— Provision of this policy can be taken as a guide for all other
policies or programme's or legislations that impact lives of
children.
 Vision
— It aims to create a maturing, protective and enabling
environment for children based on non-discrimination, equity,
justice and best interest of children in the country.
— The state commits hereby to take all positive measures,
legislative policies or otherwise to promote and safeguard the
rights of all children to live and grow with equity, dignity,
security and freedom with each children of his/her identity.

Principles
1. All children have equal rights irrespective of class, caste or
gender.
2. Child rights are universal; inalienable, interdependent and
indivisible.
3. The best interest of child shall be of paramount consideration
in all actions and decisions; concerning children, whether
undertaken by state, court laws, administrative authorities,
legislative bodies or social welfare institutions.
4. The safety of all children shall be of prime importance and
they shall be protected from harm, abuse, neglect, violence,
maltreatment and exploitation.
5. The physical, emotional, cognitive and social development of
child shall be addressed in totality within family and society at
large.
6. The physical, environmental including non-instructional care
is most conductive for all round development of children.
7. The principles of justice, equality and non-discrimination shall
guide all action concerning child whether under taken by state
or an authority or institution or an individual.
8. Respect for views of children in accordance with age and
maturity of child should be assure in all matters affecting them.
9. Consultation and participation of children in an age
appropriate manner and their evolving capacities in all matters
in an unalienable rights of every child.
Take positive measures for promotion, and protection of the
rights of all children shall be primary responsibility of the state

NEED FOR HEALTH POLICY IN INDIA

Aims to eliminate poverty, ignorance, ill health and directs the
state to raise its public health status of its people and their
quality of life is its prime responsibility.
 URGENCY FOR NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY
To achieve goals of revised 20 point program as a long term
basis, it also becomes essential that nation evolves a clear cut
health policy of it own, so that problems of haves and have-
not's could be resolved in matters of health which is basic to
human development and ultimately contributes to productivity
of a nation.
20 – point programme
Points directly or indirectly related to health,
Point 1 – attack of rural poverty
Point 7 – clean drinking water
Point 8 - health for all
Point 9 – two – child norm
Point 10 – expansion of education
Point 14 – housing for people
Point 15 – improvement of slum
Point 17 – protection of the environment

NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY FOR CHILDREN - 1983

MAJOR DIRECTION ARE:
— Provision of universal comprehensive PHC services with
special emphasis on preventive, promotive and rehabilitative
aspects.
— Serving small family norms through efforts moving towards
goal of population stabilization.
— Mobilizing the untapped heath resources and encouraging
investment by private sectors.
— To remove existing regional imbalances and it provide
services within reach of all.

APPROACHES
— To extend out the reach of PHC services through a network
of health center based organized support of health volunteers
available, auxiliaries, paramedical workers of both sexes.
— Inter-nesting efforts of NGO’s, voluntary organization with
government efforts in planned integrated manner.
— Improving quality of training of frontline workers and support
manpower in health.
— Planning for optimal utilization of specialists at higher levels
of hierarchical structure.
— To extend out the reach of PHC services through a network
of health center based organized support of health volunteers
available, auxiliaries, paramedical workers of both sexes.
— Inter-nesting efforts of NGO’s, voluntary organization with
government efforts in planned integrated manner.
— Improving quality of training of frontline workers and support
manpower in health.
— Planning for optimal utilization of specialists at higher levels
of hierarchical structure.

Priorities
• NUTRITION
• PREVENTION OF FOOD ADULTRATION AND QUALITY OF
DRUG
• WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
• IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME
• MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES
• SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMME
• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

Elements
— Solving health problems
— Supplying drinking water and basic sanitation
— Reduction in existing imbalances between and in health
services by increasing infrastructures
— Establishing health information system.
— Provision of legislative support to health projects and health
promotion.
— Coordination of different systems of medicine

NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY – 2002

— New policy revised by health and family welfare, govt. of India.
— To achieve acceptable standard of good health amongst the
general public, primarily focused on diseases which are
principally contributing to disease burden.

Goals of national health policy

— To eradicate polio and yaws by 2005
— To eliminate leprosy by 2005
— To eliminate Kala-Azar by 2010
— TO ELIMINATE FILARIASIS BY 2015
— Decreasing mortality rate by 50% on TB by 2010
— Decreasing malaria and other vector born diseases by 2010
— Decrease in preventive blindness by 2010
— Increasing utilization of primary health services from 20 – 75%
by 2010.
— Decrease mortality of infant to 30/1000 live births and
maternal mortality rate 100/1,00,00,000 by 2010
— Establish integrated disease surveillance by 2005
 RIGHTS OF CHILDREN
1. The right to survival
2. The right to protection
3. The right to development
4. The right to participation
5. The right to provision
6. The economic, social and cultural rights
7. The right to expression
8. The right to recreation
9. the right to name and nationality
10.The right to take pride in achievements
11.The right to protection from neglect
1.The children act, 1960
— Amended in 1977
— Emphasis on provision of care, maintenance, welfare,
training, education and rehabilitation of the delinquent child.
— It cover the neglected and destitute, socially handicapped,
victimized and delinquent children.
 2.THE CHILD MARRIAGE RESTRAIN ACT, 1978.
— In 1929, the sharda act was enacted forbidding the practice of
child marriage.
— The Child Marriage Restrain Act, 1978 – rises the legal age of
marriage for
girls from 15 yrs to 18 yrs
boys from 18 yrs to 21 yrs.
— It is a preventive measure for maternal and infant mortality
and morbidity.
3. CHILD LABOUR ACT, 1986
— According to this act, except in the process of family-based
work or recognized school-based activities, children’s are not
allowed to work in occupations concerned with –
— Passengers, goods mail transport by railway
— Cement manufacturing, cloth painting
— Building construction operation
— Dying, weaving, beedi making, wool cleaning
Printing, mica cutting, splitting
Hours and period of work
— The period of work should be fixed only for 3hrs and no child
shall work more than 3 hrs.
— No child shall be allowed to work between 7pm – 8pm.
 4.EDUCATION FOR ALL HANDICAPPED CHILDREN ACT
— Arouse from federal case law, with the aim of special
education and related services should be designed to meet
the unique learning needs of eligible children with disabilities.
— Should be prepared for further education, employment and
independent living.
Disabilities include … intellectual disability, hearing
impairment, speech or language impairment, visual
impairment etc
5. CHILD ABUSE ACT, 1974
— Child abuse: can be defined as causing and permitting any
harmful or offensive contact on child’s body and any
communication or transaction of kind which frightens or
shames the child.
— The harm may be physical harm ( beating, kicking), emotional
harm, sexual abuse or exploitation.
— under this act, children are protected from exploitation or
abuse.
 6.JUVENILE JUSTICE ACT, 2000
— Recently amended in 2006.
— This act defines juvenile/ child as a person who has not
completed age of 18 years. It has 2 separate chapters:

1. for juvenile in conflict with law

2. for children in need for care and protection
• Juvenile in conflict with law, is a child who is alleged to have
committed an offence, and
• Children in need of care and protection, are child who are
neglected, abused, abandoned, victims of any armed conflict
or natural calamities amongst others

Child adoption law in india

Indian citizens can adopt in India under three major legislations:
• the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act of 1956,
• the Guardians and Wards Act of 1890 and
• the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act of 2000,
amended in 2006.
The Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956 (HAMA)
This Act covers Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs. Some
relevant parts of the Act are:
— Married couples or single adults can adopt;
— Legally the man adopts with the consent of his wife;
— A single man or woman can adopt;
— If a biological child already exists in the family, a child of the
opposite sex has to be adopted;
— Children adopted under this Act get the same legal rights as
a biological child might;
— Children under the age of 15 years can be adopted;
— A single man adopting a girl should be at least 21 years older
than the child;
— A single woman adopting a boy should be at least 21 years
older than the child; and
— Adoption under this act is irrevocable.
Bibliography
1.National child policy and national laws and ordinance for
children,ppt
2.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Health_Policy
3.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326773745_Nati
onal_Health_Policy_of_India