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The document summarizes the history and legal background of agrarian reform in the Philippines from the pre-Spanish period to modern times. It describes the social structure under datus before colonization. It then outlines the land tenure systems introduced by Spanish colonizers, Americans, and the Philippine government. Key acts and laws established land registration, tenant rights, and agrarian reform programs aimed at redistributing land to farmers. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 was a major reform extending land redistribution through 1998.

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Marbert Dy Nuñeza
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123 views1 page

Infographic PDF

The document summarizes the history and legal background of agrarian reform in the Philippines from the pre-Spanish period to modern times. It describes the social structure under datus before colonization. It then outlines the land tenure systems introduced by Spanish colonizers, Americans, and the Philippine government. Key acts and laws established land registration, tenant rights, and agrarian reform programs aimed at redistributing land to farmers. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 was a major reform extending land redistribution through 1998.

Uploaded by

Marbert Dy Nuñeza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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


PERIOD
Before the Spaniards came to the Philippines, Filipinos lived in villages or barangays ruled
by chiefs or datus. The datus comprised the nobility. Then came the maharlikas
PRE-SPANISH (freemen), followed by the aliping mamamahay (serfs) and aliping saguiguilid (slaves).
However, despite the existence of different classes in the social structure, practically
everyone had access to the fruits of the soil. Money was unknown, and rice served as the
medium of exchange.

When the Spaniards came to the Philippines, the concept of encomienda (Royal Land
Grants) was introduced. This system grants that Encomienderos must defend his
encomienda from external attack, maintain peace and order within, and support the
SPANISH
missionaries. In turn, the encomiendero acquired the right to collect tribute from the
indios (native). The system, however, degenerated into abuse of power by the
encomienderos The tribute soon became land rents to a few powerful landlords. And the
natives who once cultivated the lands in freedom were transformed into mere share
tenants.

~Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496) – Provided for a comprehensive registration
of land titles under the Torrens system.
AMERICAN
~Public Land Act of 1903 – introduced the homestead system in the Philippines.

~Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054 and 4113) – regulated relationships between
landowners and tenants of rice (50-50 sharing) and sugar cane lands.

~1935 Constitution – "The promotion of social justice to ensure the well-being and
economic security of all people should be the concern of the State"
COMMONWEALTH
~Commonwealth Act No. 178 (An Amendment to Rice Tenancy Act No. 4045), Nov. 13,
1936 – Provided for certain controls in the landlord-tenant relationships

~Commonwealth Act. No. 461, 1937 – Specified reasons for the dismissal of tenants and
only with the approval of the Tenancy Division of the Department of Justice.

------------------------


•Republic Act No. 34 -- Established the 70-30 sharing



arrangements and regulating share-tenancy contracts.

     
(1946- •Republic Act No. 55 -- Provided for a more effective safeguard
1948) against arbitrary ejectment of tenants.
•Executive Order No. 355 -- Replaced the National Land Settlement
Administration with Land Settlement Development Corporation
(LASEDECO) which takes over the responsibilities of the Agricultural
(1948- Machinery Equipment Corporation and the Rice and Corn Production
1953) Administration.
•Republic Act No. 1199 -- governed the relationship between landowners and
tenant farmers by organizing share-tenancy and leasehold system.
(1953- •Republic Act No. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) -- Created the Land Tenure
1957) Administration (LTA)

•Republic Act No. 3844 of August 8, 1963 (Agricultural Land Reform


Code) -- Abolished share tenancy, institutionalized leasehold, set
(1961- retention limit at 75 hectares, invested rights of preemption and
1965) redemption for tenant farmers.

•Republic Act No. 6389, (Code of Agrarian Reform) and RA No. 6390 of
1971 -- Created the Department of Agrarian Reform and the Agrarian
(1965- Reform Special Account Fund. It strengthen the position of farmers and
1986) expanded the scope of agrarian reform.

•On June 10, 1988, former President Corazon C. Aquino signed into law
Republic Act No. 6657 or otherwise known as the Comprehensive Agrarian
(1986- Reform Law (CARL). The law became effective on June 15, 1988.
1992)
•Republic Act No. 7881, 1995 – Amended certain provisions of RA 6657
and exempted fishponds and prawns from the coverage of CARP.
•Republic Act 8532, 1998 (Agrarian Reform Fund Bill) – Provided an
(1992- additional Php50 billion for CARP and extended its implementation for
1998) another 10 years.

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