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Curve Sketching

1) The document discusses key features to look for when sketching curves, including relative maximum/minimum points, intervals of increasing/decreasing behavior, and points of inflection. 2) It then sketches the curve of the function f(x)=2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x - 1, finding the relative maximum point is (1,4), the relative minimum point is (2,3), and the point of inflection is (3/7, 32/49). 3) In summarizing the curve, it notes the intervals where f is increasing/decreasing, the points of relative extremum, and the intervals of concavity.

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126 views7 pages

Curve Sketching

1) The document discusses key features to look for when sketching curves, including relative maximum/minimum points, intervals of increasing/decreasing behavior, and points of inflection. 2) It then sketches the curve of the function f(x)=2x^3 - 9x^2 + 12x - 1, finding the relative maximum point is (1,4), the relative minimum point is (2,3), and the point of inflection is (3/7, 32/49). 3) In summarizing the curve, it notes the intervals where f is increasing/decreasing, the points of relative extremum, and the intervals of concavity.

Uploaded by

juliet
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Curve Sketching

Typical features to look for:


i. Relative maximum and minimum points.
(turning points) 𝑦′ = 0
maximum point

minimum point
ii. Intervals where the graph is increasing or decreasing.

. 𝑦′ > 0 𝑦′ < 0
.

.
iii. Points of inflection 𝑦 ′′ = 0.

iv. Intervals where the graph is concave up or concave down.

.
′′
𝑦 >0 𝑦 ′′ < 0
.

.
Example. Sketch the curve of the function
𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 1.

Therefore, the critical


𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 6𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 12 values are: 1 and 2
= 6 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2
Let 𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 0.
6 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = 0
6 𝑥−2 𝑥−1 =0
.
𝑥−2=0 𝑥−1=0
.

. 𝑥=2 𝑥=1
.

.
Relative Maximum and Minimum Points (Turning Points)
𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 1.

at 𝑥 = 1 𝑓 1 = 2 1
3 2
−9 1 + 12 1 − 1 = 4

at 𝑥 = 2 𝑓 2 = 2 2
3 2
−9 2 + 12 2 − 1 = 3

Relative Maximum Point: 1,4

Relative Minimum Point: 2,3


.

.
Concavity and Point of Inflection
𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 1.
𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 6𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 12
𝑓 ′′ 𝑥 = 12𝑥 − 18

Let 𝑓 ′′ 𝑥 = 0.
12𝑥 − 18 = 0
12𝑥 = 18
18
𝑥= 3 7
12 Point of Inflection : 2 , 2
.

. 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 7
𝑥= 𝑓 =2 −9 + 12 −1=
.
2 2 2 2 2 2
.

.
i. f is increasing at : −∞, 1 ∪ 2, +∞
ii. f is decreasing at : 1,2
iii. f has relative maximum point at :
1,4
iii. f has relative minimum point at :
2,3
3
iii. f is concave upward at: 2
, +∞

iv. f is concave downward at:


3
.
−∞, 2
.

. v. f has a point of inflection at


3 7
. : ,
2 2
.

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