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19 Design of Columns

STRUCTURAL DESIGN 1 - Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures For Diploma Students Reference/Courtesy: 1. Reinforced concrete Design - by Unnikrishna Pillai & Devdas Menon. 2. Reinforced Concrete - Ashok K Jain 3. Concrete Technology - M S Shetty 4. IS456-2000 by BIS 5. SP16 by BIS This material is prepared with reference to standard textbooks, with the sole purpose of online teaching of students, during lockdown imposed by the pandemic Covid19.

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131 views17 pages

19 Design of Columns

STRUCTURAL DESIGN 1 - Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures For Diploma Students Reference/Courtesy: 1. Reinforced concrete Design - by Unnikrishna Pillai & Devdas Menon. 2. Reinforced Concrete - Ashok K Jain 3. Concrete Technology - M S Shetty 4. IS456-2000 by BIS 5. SP16 by BIS This material is prepared with reference to standard textbooks, with the sole purpose of online teaching of students, during lockdown imposed by the pandemic Covid19.

Uploaded by

kiran sreekumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

STRUCTURAL DESIGN - I

15. Design of Columns

Kiran S R
Lecturer
Department of Civil Engineering
Central Polytechnic College Thiruvananthapuram

November 8, 2020

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Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Contents
1 Columns or Compression Members
Definition
Loads on Columns
2 Classification of Columns
Based on Type of Loading
Based on Slenderness Ratio
3 Codal Recommendations on Columns
Slenderness Limits
Minimum Eccentricities
Longitudinal Reinforcement
Clear cover to Reinforcement
Transverse Reinforcement
4 Limit State Design of Short columns
Assumptions
Design of Columns with Axial Load
Design of Columns with Uniaxial Eccentric Load
2/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Columns or Compression Members
Definition:

Compression member is a structural


element which is mainly subjected to axial
compressive force. It is defined under Cl. 25
(Page 41) of IS456. It is of 2 types:
1 Columns or Struts:
Effective length > 3 x Least lateral
dimension
2 Pedestals:
Effective length < 3 x Least lateral
dimension

A column may be - square, rectangular or


circular - in crossection.

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Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Columns or Compression Members
Loads on Columns:
Most important load on column - Axial Compressive Force. But,
Pure axial compression in columns is very rare.
Generally, moment also accompanies axial force in columns, which
may be due to:
eccentric loading.
lateral loading.
Rigid frame action due to monolithically cast beams or slabs.

Columns fail by - crushing or buckling - depending upon its length


wrt its crosssectional dimensions. 4/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Classification of Columns
Based on Type of Loading:
1 Columns with Axial Load or (Concentric Load)
very rare.
mostly, columns located at the interior of symmetrical buildings.
Even such columns should be capable to resist minimum nominal
eccentricities (IS456 - Cl.25.4 - Page42)
2 Columns with Eccentric Load - Two types,
Uniaxial eccentricity - mostly, interior & exterior columns in buildings
subj to lateral loads (WL & EL).
Biaxial eccentricity - mostly, columns located at building corners.

5/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Classification of Columns
Based on Slenderness Ratio:
Slenderness Ratio is a measure of vulnerability of a column to fail by
buckling (or elastic instability )
Effective Length le kl
Slenderness Ratio = = =
Least lateral dimension D D
where,
k = effective length ratio, obtained from Table28 of IS456
l = unsupported length of column = distance between lateral supports)

6/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Classification of Columns
Based on Slenderness Ratio:

7/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Classification of Columns
Based on Slenderness Ratio:

Columns may be classified based on Slenderness Ratio, as follows:


1 Short columns
fail under ultimate loads, when
material reaches ultimate strength.
lex
if both slenderness ratios and
Dx
ley
should be < 12.
Dy
2 Long columns (or slender columns)
fail by buckling at lower compressive
loads.
lex ley
if any of slenderness ratios or
Dx Dy
> 12.

8/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Codal Recommendations on Columns
Slenderness Limits:

9/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Codal Recommendations on Columns
Minimum Eccentricities:

10/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Codal Recommendations on Columns
Longitudinal Reinforcement:

11/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Codal Recommendations on Columns
Clear cover to Reinforcement:

12/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Codal Recommendations on Columns
Transverse Reinforcement:

Transverse
reinforcements must
enclose all
longitudinal bars in a
column, to:
confine concrete,
thereby improving
its strength.
hold the
longitudinal bars in
position and
prevent it from
buckling.
enhance the shear
torsional resistance
of column.

13/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Limit State Design of Short columns
Assumptions:

14/17
Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Limit State Design of Short columns
Design of Columns with Axial Load:
The design load on column is obtained as:

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Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Limit State Design of Short columns
Design of Columns with Uniaxial Eccentric Load:

Interaction diagrams from SP16 is used for the design of short


columns with uniaxial eccentric compressive load.
Charts 27 - 38: for rectangular sections with reinforcement
distributed equally on two sides.
Charts 39 - 50: for rectangular sections with reinforcement
distributed equally on four sides.
Charts 51 - 62: for circular sections.

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Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I
Now solve numerical examples!!!

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Kiran S R, Lecturer in Civil Engineering, CPTC STRUCTURAL DESIGN-I

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