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Mark Scheme (Results)

January 2018

Pearson Edexcel
International Adavanced Subsidiary Level
in Physics (WPH01)
Paper 01 Physics on the Go
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January 2018
Publications Code WPH01_01_1801_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2018
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General Marking Guidance

 All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first
candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
 Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
 Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
 There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be
used appropriately.
 All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
 Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by
which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
 When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a
candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
 Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with
an alternative response.
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Mark scheme notes

Underlying principle

The mark scheme will clearly indicate the concept that is being rewarded, backed up by
examples. It is not a set of model answers.

For example:

(iii) Horizontal force of hinge on table top

66.3 (N) or 66 (N) and correct indication of direction [no ue]  1

[Some examples of direction: acting from right (to left) / to the left
/ West / opposite direction to horizontal. May show direction by
arrow. Do not accept a minus sign in front of number as direction.]

This has a clear statement of the principle for awarding the mark, supported by some
examples illustrating acceptable boundaries.

1. Mark scheme format

1.1 You will not see ‘wtte’ (words to that effect). Alternative correct wording
should be credited in every answer unless the ms has specified specific words
that must be present. Such words will be indicated by underlining e.g.
‘resonance’
1.2 Bold lower case will be used for emphasis.
1.3 Round brackets ( ) indicate words that are not essential e.g. “(hence) distance
is increased”.
1.4 Square brackets [ ] indicate advice to examiners or examples e.g. [Do not
accept gravity] [ecf].

2. Unit error penalties

2.1 A separate mark is not usually given for a unit but a missing or incorrect unit
will normally mean that the final calculation mark will not be awarded.
2.2 Incorrect use of case e.g. ‘Watt’ or ‘w’ will not be penalised.
2.3 There will be no unit penalty applied in ‘show that’ questions or in any other
question where the units to be used have been given, for example in a
spreadsheet.
2.4 The same missing or incorrect unit will not be penalised more than once within
one question (one clip in epen).
2.5 Occasionally, it may be decided not to penalise a missing or incorrect unit e.g.
the candidate may be calculating the gradient of a graph, resulting in a unit
that is not one that should be known and is complex.
2.6 The mark scheme will indicate if no unit error penalty is to be applied by
means of [no ue].

3. Significant figures
3.1 Use of an inappropriate number of significant figures in the theory papers will
normally only be penalised in ‘show that’ questions where use of too few
significant figures has resulted in the candidate not demonstrating the validity
of the given answer.
3.2 The use of g = 10 m s-2 or 10 N kg-1 instead of 9.81 m s-2 or 9.81 N kg-1 will be
penalised by one mark (but not more than once per clip). Accept 9.8 m s-2 or
9.8 N kg-1
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4. Calculations
4.1 Bald (i.e. no working shown) correct answers score full marks unless in a ‘show
that’ question.
4.2 If a ‘show that’ question is worth 2 marks then both marks will be available for
a reverse working; if it is worth 3 marks then only 2 will be available.
4.3 use of the formula means that the candidate demonstrates substitution of
physically correct values, although there may be conversion errors e.g. power
of 10 error.
4.4 recall of the correct formula will be awarded when the formula is seen or
implied by substitution.
4.5 The mark scheme will show a correctly worked answer for illustration only.
4.6 Example of mark scheme for a calculation:

‘Show that’ calculation of weight

Use of L × W × H 

Substitution into density equation with a volume and density 

Correct answer [49.4 (N)] to at least 3 sig fig. [No ue] 

[If 5040 g rounded to 5000 g or 5 kg, do not give 3rd mark; if
conversion to kg is omitted and then answer fudged, do not give 3rd
mark] 3
[Bald answer scores 0, reverse calculation 2/3]

Example of answer:
80 cm × 50 cm × 1.8 cm = 7200 cm3
7200 cm3 × 0.70 g cm-3 = 5040 g
5040 × 10-3 kg × 9.81 N/kg
= 49.4 N

5. Quality of Written Communication

5.1 Indicated by QoWC in mark scheme. QWC – Work must be clear and organised
in a logical manner using technical wording where appropriate.
5.2 Usually it is part of a max mark, the final mark not being awarded unless the
QoWC condition has been satisfied.

6. Graphs
6.1 A mark given for axes requires both axes to be labelled with quantities and
units, and drawn the correct way round.
6.2 Sometimes a separate mark will be given for units or for each axis if the units
are complex. This will be indicated on the mark scheme.
6.3 A mark given for choosing a scale requires that the chosen scale allows all
points to be plotted, spreads plotted points over more than half of each axis
and is not an awkward scale e.g. multiples of 3, 7 etc.
6.4 Points should be plotted to within 1 mm.
 Check the two points furthest from the best line. If both OK award mark.
 If either is 2 mm out do not award mark.
 If both are 1 mm out do not award mark.
 If either is 1 mm out then check another two and award mark if both of
these OK, otherwise no mark.
For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-fit line for the
candidate’s results.
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Question Answer Mark

Number
1 1. The only correct answer is D

A kg m s2 is not correct because it is equivalent to the newton

(1)
B kg m2 s2 is not correct because it is equivalent to the joule

C kg m s3 is not correct because it is equivalent to newtons per second

2 2. The only correct answer is C

A is not correct as ductile behaviour is only exhibited under a tensile force

and not a compressive force
(1)
B is not correct as hardness is a measure of a material’s resistance to
being scratched

D is not correct because a stiff material would not exhibit as much

compression under a compressive force
3 3. The only incorrect answer is D

A is a correct statement as temperature is a scalar quantity

(1)
B is a correct statement as time is a scalar quantity

C is a correct statement as velocity is a vector quantity

4 4. The only correct answer is C

A is not correct as ucos, the horizontal and not the vertical component of the
𝑣 −𝑢
initial velocity was used in the equation a = 𝑡

B is not correct as ucos, the horizontal and not the vertical component of the (1)
𝑣 −𝑢
initial velocity was used in the equation a = 𝑡 and the negative sign implies
that u and a are in the same, and not opposite directions.

D is not correct as the negative sign implies that u and a are in the same,
and not opposite directions.
5 5. The only correct answer is A

B is not correct as this is describing turbulent and not laminar flow

(1)
C is no correct as the velocity is lower at the edges of a pipe due to
frictional forces

D is not correct as the velocity differs between adjacent layers.

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6 6. The only correct answer is C

A is not correct as the diameter, and not the radius, was substituted into the
equation for the cross-sectional area of the cylinder.
(1)
B is not correct as the ‘2’ was not squared when the diameter /2 was substituted
for the radius into the equation for the cross-sectional area of the cylinder.

D is not correct as an incorrect equation for the cross-sectional area of the

cylinder was used.
7 7. The only correct answer is B

A Is not correct as the box is accelerating to the right so F cannot be in the

same direction as the acceleration
(1)
C Is not correct as the box is accelerating to the right so F cannot be in the
same direction as the acceleration and the weight, mg is not a horizontal force.

D is not correct as the equation for the resultant horizontal force should not
include the weight, mg, a vertical force.
8 8. The only correct answer is B

A is not correct because a larger diameter wire would produce a smaller stress,
a smaller strain and hence a smaller extension.

C is not correct because a larger diameter wire would produce a smaller stress, (1)
a smaller strain and hence a smaller extension. For the same strain, a shorter
wire would also produce a smaller extension.

D is not correct because, for the same strain, a shorter wire would produce a
smaller extension.
9 9. The only correct answer is C

A is incorrect because the percentage uncertainty should only be quoted to the

same number of sf as the absolute uncertainty i.e. 1 sf
(1)
B is incorrect because this is 2 times the correct percentage uncertainty and it
has been quoted to 2 sf

D is incorrect because this is 2 times the correct percentage uncertainty

10 10. The only correct answer is B

A is incorrect as Egrav is a maximum on release and not 0.

C is incorrect as Egrav is a maximum on release and the shape of the graph is (1)
incorrect.

D is incorrect as this is the graph for Egrav against vertical distance and not
displacement.
Total marks for multiple choice questions 10
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Question Answer Mark

Number
11(a) The difficulty/resistance (of a material) to scratching/indentation/denting
Or the resistance of a surface to plastic deformation
Or the ability to withstand scratching/indentation/denting (1) 1

Do not accept a description of ‘hard’

e.g. difficult to scratch or resistant to scratching etc.

11(b)(i) (The hardness of the pencil is) greater/equal to (the hardness of) the
paint/surface
Or the pencil is harder than the paint/surface (1) 1

11(b)(ii) Max 2
The pencils used by different manufacturers may not be the same (1)

The pencil (‘lead’) may be at a different sharpness/area (at the tip) (1)

(Cart may be pushed with) different force/velocity/speed (1)

There are only certain hardness pencils available

Or this will not give you (an exact) value for the hardness (1)

Thickness of paint varies Or paint not smooth/even (1)

The pencil may be at a different angle (1) 2

Total for question 11 4

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Question Answer Mark

Number
12(a) Wslope= W sin 3.0° Or h = s sin 3.0° Or v = 2.5 sin 3.0° (1)

Use of W = mg
(allow use of Egrav = mgΔh) (1)

Use of power = work done/time taken

(Allow use of power = Egrav/time) (1)

Power = 103 W (1) 4

Example of calculation
W = 80.0 kg × g × sin 3.0° = 41.1 N
In 1 second, the distance travelled is 2.5 m
ΔW = 41.1 N × 2.5 m = 102.8 J
102.3 J
Power = 1 s = 102.8 W

12(b) An athlete running on a treadmill will have no/less air resistance

Or there is no wind acting on the runner

Or the surface of the treadmill is softer/springier/elastic

Or there is less impact force on the runner (1) 1

Total for question 12 5

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Question Answer Mark

Number
13(a)
volume (of oil)
(Rate of flow =) time
(described or as a formula)
(1)
Unit conversion
(1) 2
e.g. volume ×10−6 or see volume = 1.5 ×10−4 (m3)
13(b)(i) Either
Plot a graph of mass against time (1)

Calculate/determine the gradient (1)

(conditional on MP1)
(1)
(Rate of flow =) gradient  density

Or
Use ρ = m/V to obtain the volume Or see V = m/ρ (1)

Plot graph of volume against time (1)

Calculate/determine the gradient (and the gradient = rate of flow) (1) 3

(conditional on MP2)

(Accept graphs plotted other way round with correct explanation of

how to obtain the rate of flow)

13(b)(ii) Advantage:
Greater accuracy/precision/reliability
Or the graphical method would show if/how the rate varies
Or anomalies could be identified (and removed) (1)

Disadvantage:
Taking readings every 2 s
Or it is difficult to read the clock and balance simultaneously
Or comparison of reaction time to 2 s (1) 2

13(c) The greater the temperature of the oil the lower its viscosity
(accept the viscosity is inversely proportional to the temperature) (1)

The greater the temperature, the greater the rate of flow (1) 2

Accept converse

Total for question 13 9

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Question Answer Mark

Number
14(a) Acceleration axis scaled, using at least half of grid (1)
(Minimum of two values both above and below 0, scale must be
linear, no false origin, negative on negative acceleration axis, no
scales in 3,7 etc.)

Constant acceleration drawn onto graph between 0s and 40 s (1)

0 acceleration between 40 s and 300 s and vertical solid/dashed lines

at 40 s and 300 s (1)

Final negative constant acceleration drawn onto graph between 300 s

and 360 s (1)
𝑣 −𝑢
Use of a = (1)
𝑡

Acceleration plotted at 40 s = 0.68 (m s−2) and acceleration plotted

at 360 s = −0.45 (m s−2)
(1) 6

Example of calculation
27 m s−1 − 0 m s−1
a= 40 s
= 0.675 m s−2
0 m s−1 − 27 m s−1
a= 60 s
= −0.45 m s−2

0.8

0.6

0.4
Acceleration / m s−2

0.2
Time/ s
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-0.2

-0.4

-0.6
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14(b)(i) Either
It’s a straight line (1)

As no horizontal forces are acting (1)

Or
The path shown is caused by the resultant/sum/addition/combination
of two velocities/displacements (1)

The velocity/displacement in the direction of the train and the

velocity/displacement in the direction of the throw (1) 2

14(b)(ii) The vertical velocity is increasing

Or there is a vertical acceleration/force (1)

The horizontal velocity is constant

Or there is no horizontal acceleration/force (1) 2

14(b)(iii) Figure 2: straight line in the same direction but shorter than the
original line (1)

Figure 3: shallower curve under the drawn curve (1) 2

[be generous as to the exact shape of the curve]

Total for question 14 12

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Question Answer Mark

Number
15(a)(i) Use of v2 = u2 + 2as with u = 0
Or use of t = s/average velocity and v = u + at with u = 0 (1)

The final velocity in m s−1 Or distance in km (1)

a = 2.8  105 m s −2 Or 280 km s −2 (1) 3

Example of calculation
(11 × 103 m s1)2 = 02 + (2 × a × 220 m)
a = 275 000 m s −2

15(a)(ii) Use of Ek = ½ mv2 with m = 1500 kg (1)

Correct use of 50%

e.g. (2  Ek) or (0.5  3 × 106) (1)

Use of mass of fuel = kinetic energy/energy per kg of fuel (1)

Mass of fuel required = 6.1 × 104 kg (1) 4

Example of calculation
Ek = ½ × 1500 kg × (11 × 103 m s1)2 = 9.075 × 1010 J
Energy to be supplied by fuel = 2 × 9.075 × 1010 J = 1.815 × 1011 J
Mass of fuel required = 1.815 × 1011 J/3 × 106J kg1= 6.05 × 104 kg

*15(b) (QWC – work must be clear and organised in a logical manner

using technical terminology where appropriate)

Gas is ejected forwards (1)

By N3, there is a backward/opposite force/push (on the capsule). (1)

There is a (backwards) resultant force (on the capsule) (1)

By N1/N2, there is an acceleration (1)

Force/acceleration is in opposite direction to motion, so a deceleration

Or force/acceleration is in opposite direction to motion, so negative
acceleration (1) 5

(accept upwards and downwards for forwards and backwards)

Total for question 13 12

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Question Answer Mark

Number
16(a) Use of F = kΔx (1)
Δx = 0.049 (m) (1) 2

Example of calculation
0.88 N = 18 N m−1 × Δx
Δx = 0.0489 m

16(b)(i) Upthrust increases

Or upthrust is no longer negligible
Or there is upthrust in water (1)

Weight = tension + upthrust (1)

The tension (in the spring) decreases so the extension/Δx decreases (1) 3

(allow converse explanation for lower in air and all symbols other
than Δx must be defined)

16(b)(ii) Either
Use of W = mg and ρ = m/V
Or see Upthrust = ρVg
Or see U = 0.334 N (1)

Tension = 0.88  U (1)

Use of y = 0.050  Δx
(allow use of (0.05 – y) for Δx in Hooke’s law equation) (1)

y = 0.020 m (0.018 m to 0.020 m) (1) 4

Example of calculation
U = 1.0 × 10 3 kg m−3 × 3.4 × 10−5 m3 × 9.81 N kg−1
U = 0.334 N
18 N m−1× Δx = 0.88 N – 0.334 N
Δx = 0.0303 m
y = 0.050 m − 0.0303 m = 0.0197 m

*16(c) (QWC – work must be clear and organised in a logical manner

using technical terminology where appropriate)

The density of oil is less (than the density of water) (1)

The upthrust is lower

(do not award if a greater density in oil described) (1)

The tension/force in the spring is greater (1) 3

Total for question 16 12

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Question Answer Mark

Number
17(a)(i)
Resolve horizontally Or see (horizontal component = ) Fsinθ (1)

F1sinθ = F2sinθ Or accept a clear and complete explanation (1) 2

17(a)(ii) See (vertical component = ) F1cos 10 (1)

Or see (vertical component = ) F2cos 10
Or see (vertical component = ) Fcos 10 (1)

Use of ΣF = 0 (for the vertical) Or 2Fcos10 = 325 (1) 3

F1 = 170 N

Example of calculation
F1cos10 + F2cos10 – (650 N  2) = 0
As F1 = F2
2Fcos10 = 325 N
F1 = 165 N

17(b) Max 3

Frictional force = Fbody × sinθ Or frictional force = Rtanθ (1)

θ increases and tan/sin θ increases (1)

Fbody increases
Or the horizontal component of the force (of the body on the crutch) increases (1)

frictional force increases (1)

friction is greater than the maximum frictional force, the crutch will
slide/move
Or the horizontal component of the force (of the body on the crutch) is greater
than the (maximum) frictional force and the crutch will slip/move (1) 3
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17(c)(i) The extension divided by the original length

Or the percentage increase in the original length
Or the ratio of the extension to the original length (1)

will be 17 % on breaking (1) 2

(MP2 conditional on MP1)

17(c)(ii) Use of E = σ/ε (1)

ε = 0.43 (%) Or 4.3× 10−3 (1) 2

Example of calculation
280 ×106 Pa
65 × 109 Pa = 𝜀
ε = 4.3× 10−3 = 0.431 %

17(c)(iii) Yield point at approximate end of linear region with 280 (MPa) labelled on
stress axes (1)

Strain at fracture at 17 % (marked on strain axis) (1)

UTS at 310 (MPa) (marked on stress axis) (1)

Sudden change in strain beyond their yield point and then curved graph until
fracture. (It does not have to curve down towards fracture) (1) 4

310
280
Stress/ MPa

17
strain/ %

Total for question 17 16

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