B.Sc.

Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A

Page 1 of 31 SCAA Dated: 09.05.2019

BHARATHIAR UNIVERSITY::COIMBATORE-641 046

B. Sc. MATHEMATICS DEGREE COURSE - CBCS PATTERN
(For the students admitted from the academic year 2019-2020 and onwards)
Scheme of Examination

Examinations

Ins. hrs/
week

Credit
Part

Dur.hr

Marks

Marks
Study

Total
Course title

CIA
Components

s
Semester I
I Language – I 6 3 25 75 100 4
II English – I 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper I - Classical Algebra 4 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper II-Calculus 5 3 25 75 100 4
III Allied A : Paper I
7 3 25 75 100 4
Chosen by the college
IV Environmental Studies # 2 3 - 50 50 2

Semester II
I Language – II 6 3 25 75 100 4
II English – II 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper III Analytical Geometry* 4 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper IV- Trigonometry, Vector Calculus
5 3 25 75 100 4
and Fourier Series *
III Allied A: Paper II Chosen by the college 7 3 25 75 100 4
IV Value Education – Human Rights # 2 3 - 50 50 2

Semester III
I Language – III 6 3 25 75 100 4
II English – III 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper V- Differential Equations and Laplace
3 3 25 75 100 4
Transforms
III Core Paper VI- Statics 3 3 25 75 100 4
III Allied B - Paper III Chosen by the college 7 3 20 55 75 3
IV Skill based Subject - Operations Research -I 3 3 20 55 75 3
IV Tamil @ / Advanced Tamil# (OR)
Non-major elective - I (Yoga for Human 2 3 50 50 2
Excellence)# / Women‟s Rights#
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Semester IV
I Language – IV 6 3 25 75 100 4
II English – IV 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper VII-Dynamics 3 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper VIII- Programming in C 3 3 ** ** 100** 4
III Allied B : Paper II –
5 3 20 55 75 3
Chosen by the college
III Practical - (Allied) 2 3 20 30 50 2
IV Skill based Subject - Operations Research – Paper
3 3 20 55 75 3
II
IV Tamil @ /Advanced Tamil # (OR)
2 3 50 50 2
Non-major elective -II (General Awareness #)
Semester V
III Core Paper IX-Real Analysis-I 5 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper X- Complex Analysis-I * 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper XI- Modern Algebra-I 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper XII- Discrete Mathematics 5 3 25 75 100 4
III Elective I 5 3 20 55 75 3
IV Skill based Subject - Operations Research Paper III 3 3 20 55 75 3
Semester VI
III Core Paper XIII Real Analysis-II 5 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper XIV Complex Analysis-II 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Core Paper XV Modern Algebra-II 6 3 25 75 100 4
III Elective II 5 3 20 55 75 3
III Elective III 5 3 ** ** 100** 4
IV Skill Based Subject - Operations Research Paper IV 3 3 20 55 75 3
V Extension Activities @ / Swachh Bharath*** - 50 - 50 2
Total 3500 140

** All Computer papers have Theory 20 55

100
theory and practical exams. Practical 10 15

@ No University Examinations. Only Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA)

# No Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA). Only University Examinations.
*** Swachh Bharath Internship Scheme (SBIS) is to be added for 2 credits in the extension
activities.
Allied subjects: 1.Physics, 2.Chemistry, 3.Accountancy & 4.Statistics.

List of Elective papers (Colleges can choose any one of the paper as electives)
Elective – I A Astronomy- I
B Numerical Methods-I
Elective – II A Astronomy- II
B Numerical Methods-II
Elective – III A Graph Theory
B Automata Theory & Formal Languages
C Programming in C++ **
D Number Theory*
*Syllabus modified /Added from 2019-2020
B.Sc. Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A
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Semester: I - Core Paper- I

Subject Title: Classical Algebra
Credit hours-4

Subject description: This course focuses on the convergence and divergence of different types
of series, also discusses the standard methods of solving both polynomial and transcendental type
equations.
Goal: To enable the students to learn about the convergence and divergence of the series and to
find the roots for the different types of the equation.
Objectives: On successful completion of this course the students should gain knowledge about
the convergence of series and solving equations.

UNIT I:
Binomial, exponential theorems-their statements only- their immediate application to
summation and approximation only.

UNIT II:
Logarithmic series theorem-statement and proof-Immediate application to summation and
approximation only. Convergency and divergency of series –definitions, elementary results-
comparison tests-De Alemberts and Cauchy‟s tests.

UNIT III:
Absolute convergence-series of positive terms-Cauchy‟s condensation test-Raabe‟s test.

UNIT: IV
Theory of equations: Roots of an equation- Relations connecting the roots and
coefficients- transformations of equations-character and position of roots-Descarte‟s rule of
signs-symmetric function of roots-Reciprocal equations.
UNIT V:
Multiple roots-Rolle‟s theorem - position of real roots of f(x) =0 - Newton‟s method of
approximation to a root - Horner‟s method.

Treatment as in
Algebra-T.K .Manicavachasam Pillai, T.Natarajan, K-S Canapathy.
S. Viswanatham (Printers & Publishers Private Ltd-2006)

References:
1. Mathematics for B.Sc. Branch I -Vol. I- P. Kandasamy and K. Thilagavathy
(For B.Sc-I semester) S. Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2004.
2. Algebra. -- N.P.Bali- Laxmi publications
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Core Paper- II
Subject Title : CALCULUS
credit hours-5

Subject description:
This course presents the idea of curvatures, integration of different types of functions, its
geometrical applications, double, triple integrals and improper integrals.
Goal:
To enable the students to learn and gain knowledge about curvatures, integrations and its
geometrical applications.
Objectives:
On successful completion of course the students should have gained the knowledge
about the evolutes and envelopes, different types of integrations, its geometrical application,
proper and improper integration.

UNIT I:
Curvature-radius of curvature in Cartesian and polar forms-evolutes and envelopes- pedal
equations- total differentiation- Euler‟s theorem on homogeneous functions.

UNIT II:
Integration of f‟(x)/f(x), f‟(x)f(x) ,(px+q)/√(ax2+bx+c)], [√(x-a)/(b-x)],
[√(x-a)(b-x),1/[√(x-a)(b-x),1/(acosx+bsinx+c),
1/(acos2x+bsin2x+c),Integration by parts-Bernoulli‟s Formula.

UNIT III:
Reduction formulae- problems- evaluation of double and triple integrals- applications to
calculations of areas and volumes-areas in polar coordinates.

UNIT IV:
Change of order of integration in double integral- Jacobions.- change of variables in
double and triple integrals.

UNITV:
Beta and Gamma integrals-their properties, relation between them- evaluation of multiple
integrals using Beta and Gamma functions - Improper Integrals.

Treatment as in
1. Calculus vol 1 and vol 2”-- S. Narayanan and T.K.M. Pillai. Viswanathan Publishers

References:
1. Mathematics for BSc – Vol I and. II - P. Kandasamy & K.Thilagarathy S.Chand and Co-2004
2. A Text book of calculus- Shanthi Narayanan & J.N.Kapoor, S.Chand & Co.
B.Sc. Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A
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Semester: II -
Core Paper- III

Subject Title: Analytical Geometry Credit hours-4

Subject Description:
This course gives emphasis to enhance student knowledge in three dimensional analytical
geometry and the geometrical aspects of three dimensional figs, viz, sphere, cone and cylinder.
Goal:
To enable the students to learn and visualize the fundamental ideas about co-ordinate
geometry.
Objectives:
On successful completion of the course students should have gained knowledge about the
regular geometrical figures and their properties.

UNIT I:
Analytical Geometry 3D-stright.lines-coplanarity of straight-line-shortest distance (S.D)
and equation of S.D between two lines-simple problems.

UNIT II:
Sphere: standard equation of sphere-results based on the properties of a sphere-tangent
plane to a sphere- equation of a circle.

UNIT III:
Tangency of spheres- coaxial system of spheres- radical planes- Orthogonal spheres.

UNIT IV:
Cone and cylinder: Cone whose vertex is at the origin- envelope cone of a sphere-right
circular cone-equation of a cylinder-right circular cylinder.

UNIT V:
Conicoids: Nature of a conicoid- standard equation of central conicoid –enveloping cone-
tangent plane-condition for tangency –director Sphere- director plane

Treatment as in
1. Analytical Geometry by P. Durai Pandian & others
2. Solid Geometry by N.P. Bali- Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd

References:
1. Analytical Geometry of 2D by T.K. M. Pillai and Others – Visvanathan Publications-
2006
2. Solid Geometry by M.L. Khanna- Jainath & Co Publishers, Meerut
B.Sc. Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A
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Core Paper – IV
Subject Title: Trigonometry, Vector Calculus and Fourier series
Credit Hours: 5

Subject Description: This course presents the circular functions, hyperbolic functions,
differentiation of functions in scalar and vector field.

Goals: To enable the students to learn about the expansion of trigonometrical functions and to
gain knowledge about vector calculus, which will help them to solve the analytical geometry
problems.

Objectives: On successful completion of this course, the students should have gained
knowledge about expansion of trigonometric functions, line integral, surface integral, volume
integral and Fourier series.

UNIT I:
Expansion in Series – Expansion of cosn θ, sinn θ, in a series of cosines and sines of multiples of
θ – Expansions of cosnθ , sinnθ and tannθ in powers of sines , cosines and tangents – Expansion
of sin θ, cos θ and tan θ in powers of θ – hyperbolic functions and inverse hyperbolic functions.

UNIT II:
Logarithm of complex quantities - summation of series – when angles are in arithmetic
progression – C + iS method of summation – method of differences.

UNIT III:
Scalar and vector fields –Differentiation of vectors – Gradient, Divergence and Curl.-Solenoidal
and irrotational vectors-Laplacian Operator.

UNIT IV:
Integration of vectors – line integral – surface integral – Green‟s theorem in the plane – Gauss
divergence theorem – Strokes theorem – (Statements only) - verification of the above said
theorems.

UNIT V:
Periodic functions – Fourier series of periodicity 2π – half range series.
Treatment as in
1. Kandasamy. P, Thilagavathi. K “ Mathematics for B.Sc. Branch I”, Volume I, II and IV,
S.Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2004. (for Unit I).
References:
1. P. Duraipandian, Laxmiduraipandian - Vector Analysis (Revised Edition-Reprint 2005)
Emerald Publishers.

2. T.K. Manichavasagam Pillai and S.Narayanan, Trigonometry - Viswanathan Publishers and

Printers Pvt. Ltd.
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Semester: III Core paper V

Subject Title: Differential Equations and Laplace Transforms

Credit Hours: 3
Subject Descriptions:
This course presents the method of solving ordinary differential Equations of First Order
and Second Order, Partial Differential equations. Also it deals with Laplace Transforms, its
inverse and Application of Laplace Transform in solving first and second Order Differential
Equations with constant coefficients.
Goals: It enables the students to learn the method of solving Differential Equations.
Objectives: End of this course, the students should gain the knowledge about the method of
solving Differential Equations. It also exposes Differential Equation as a powerful tool in solving
problems in Physical and Social sciences.

UNIT I:
Ordinary Differential Equations: Equations of First Order and of Degree Higher than one
– Solvable for p, x, y – Clairaut‟s Equation – Simultaneous Differential Equations with constant
coefficients of the form
i) f1(D)x + g1(D)y = 1 (t )
ii) f2(D)x + g2(D)y = 2 (t )
d
where f1 , g1 , f2 and g2 are rational functions D  with constant coefficients 1 and  2
dt
explicit functions of t.

UNIT II:
Finding the solution of Second and Higher Order with constant coefficients with Right
Hand Side is of the form Veax where V is a function of x – Euler‟s Homogeneous Linear
Differential Equations.

UNIT III:
Partial Differential Equations: Formation of equations by eliminating arbitrary constants
and arbitary functions – Solutions of P.D Equations – Solutions of Partial Differential Equations
by direct integration – Methods to solve the first order P.D. Equations in the standard forms -
Lagrange‟s Linear Equations.

UNIT IV:
Laplace Transforms: Definition – Laplace Transforms of standard functions – Linearity
f t  1
property – Firsting Shifting Theorem – Transform of tf(t), , f (t), f11(t).
t
UNIT V:
Inverse Laplace Transforms – Applications to solutions of First Order and Second Order
Differential Equations with constant coefficients.

Treatment as in
Kandasamy. P, Thilagavathi. K “Mathematics for B.Sc – Branch – I Volume III”, S. Chand and
Company Ltd, New Delhi, 2004.
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References:
1) S. Narayanan and T.K. Manickavasagam Pillai, Calculus, S. Viswanathan (Printers and
Publishers) Pvt. Ltd, Chennai 1991
2) N.P. Bali, Differential Equations, Laxmi Publication Ltd, New Delhi, 2004
3) Dr. J. K. Goyal and K.P. Gupta, Laplace and Fourier Transforms, Pragali Prakashan Publishers,
Meerut, 2000

Core Paper – VI

Subject Title: Statics Credit hours: 3

Subject Description:
This course contains the nature of forces acting on a surface, friction and center of
gravity.
Goal:
To enable the students to realize the nature of forces and resultant forces when more than
one force acting on a particle.
Objectives:
On successful completion of course the students should realize the concept about the
forces, resultant force of more than one force acting on a surface, friction and center of gravity.
Also he can differentiate static and dynamic forces.

UNIT-I
Forces acting at a point – Parallelogram law-triangle law –Converse of Triangle law-
Polygon Law of Forces- Lami‟s Theorem.

UNIT- II
(,) theorem –Resolution of forces- Components of a force- Resultant of any number of
Coplanar forces acting at a point- Conditions of equilibrium.

UNIT – III
Parallel Forces and Moments –Resultant of two parallel forces (Like and unlike)-Conditions of
equilibrium of three coplanar forces- Moment of a force- Geometrical representation- Sign of the
moment- Unit of moment – Varignon‟s Thorem on couples-Equilibrium of two couples-
Equivalence of two couples

UNIT – IV
Moment of a force about a point-Varignons theorem - Co-planar forces acting on a rigid
body – Theorem on three co-planar forces in equilibrium

UNIT – V
Reduction of a system of co-planar forces to a single force and a couple - necessary & sufficient
conditions of equilibrium only – Equation to the line of action of the resultant.

Treatment as in
M.K.Venkataraman, Statics, Agasthiar Publications, Trichy, 1999.
 B.Sc. Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A
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References:

1. A.V.Dharmapadam, Statics , S.Viswanathan Printers and Publishing Pvt., Ltd, 1993.

2. P.Duraipandian and Laxmi Duraipandian, Mechanics , S.Chand and Company Ltd, Ram
Nagar, New Delhi -55, 1985.
3. Dr.P.P.Gupta, Statics , Kedal Nath Ram Nath, Meerut, 1983-84.

Semester III - Skill Based Subject - Operations Research – Paper I

Credit hours: 3
Subject description:
This course contains advantages, limitations and applications of O.R, formulation of
Linear Programming Problems (L.P.P), methods to solve L.P.P. like simplex method, Charnes
Penality Method and Two Phase Simplex method. Also it deals about duality in L.P.P and
Transportation with applications

Goal:
It enables the students to use the mathematical knowledge in optimal use of resources.
Objectives:
On successful completion of this course students should have gained knowledge about
optimal use of resources.

UNIT I:
Basics of O.R – Definition of O.R – Characteristics of O.R - Scientific methods in O.R –
Necessary of O.R in Industry – O.R and Decision Making – Scope of O.R in Modern
Management – Uses and limitations of O.R. Linear Programming Problem – Formulation of
L.P.P .

UNIT II:
Graphical solutions of L.P.P – Problems. Simplex Method – Problems

UNIT III:
Charnes Penality Method (or) Big – M Method - Two Phase Simplex method –
Problems.

UNIT IV:
Duality in L.P.P – Concept of duality – Duality and Simplex Method – Problems

UNIT V:
The transportation Problems – Basic feasible solution by L.C.M – NWC- VAM-
optimum solutions – unbalanced Transportation problems
References:
1. Operations Research – Prem Kumar Gupta D. S. Hira, S. Chand & Company Ltd, Ram Nagar, New Delhi
2. Operations Research – Kandiswarup, P. K. Gupta, Man Mohan, S. Chand & Sons Education Publications,
New Delhi, 12th Revised edition.
3. Operations Research Principles and Problems: S. Dharani Venkata Krishnan, Keerthi publishing house
PVT Ltd.
B.Sc. Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A
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Semester-IV-Core Paper-VII
Subject: Dynamics
Credit hours: 3

Subject Description: This course provides the knowledge about the field Kinematics, projectile,
simple harmonic motion and impact of a particle on a surface.
Goal: To enable the students to apply Laws, Principles, Postulates governing the Dynamics in
physical reality.
Objectives: End of this course, the student understand the reason for dynamic changes in the
body.

UNIT – I
Projectiles: Path of a projectile-Greatest height-time of flight – Range -range on an
inclined plane through the point of projection-Maximum range.

UNIT – II
Central Orbits: Radial and transverse components of velocity and acceleration – areal
velocity of central orbits - Differential equation of central orbit in polar coordinates only.

UNIT – III
Simple Harmonic Motion: Amplitude, periodic time, phase-composition of two simple
harmonic motions of the same period in a straight line and in two perpendicular lines.

UNIT – IV
Collision of elastic bodies : Impulsive force – Newton‟s experimental law- Principle of
conservation of momentum- Direct Impact on a smooth fixed plane -Direct impact of two
smooth spheres- loss of kinetic energy during direct impact.

UNIT – V
Oblique impact of a smooth sphere on fixed smooth plane – oblique impact of two smooth
spheres - Loss of Kinetic energy during oblique impact.

Treatment as in
M.K.Venkataraman, Dynamics, 11th Ed. Agasthiar Publications, Trichy, 1994.

References:
1. A.V.Dharamapadam , Dynamics, S.Viswanathan Printers and Publishers Pvt., Ltd, Chennai,
1998.
2. K.Viswanatha Naik and M.S.Kasi, Dynamics, Emerald Publishers, 1992.
3. Naryanamurthi, Dynamics, National Publishers, New Delhi, 1991.
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SEMESTER IV: –CORE PAPER VIII (Theory & Practical)

Subject Title: Programming in C No.of.Hours: 3

Subject Description: This paper presents the importance of c language, its structure, Data
types, Operators of C, Various control statements, Arrays, different types of functions and
practical problems.
Goals: To enable the students to learn about the basic structure, Statements, arrays, functions
and various concepts of C language.
Objectives: On successful completion of the course the students should have:
Learnt the basic structure, operators and statements of C language.
Learnt the decision making statements and to solve the problems based on it.
Learnt arrays, functions and solve the problems regarding about it.

UNIT I: Introduction – Importance of C Basic structure of C programme - Character set -

Constants – Keywords and identifiers – Variables Data types – Declaration of variables –
Assigning values to variables –Defining symbolic constants.

UNIT II: Arithmetic operators - Relational operators - logical operators – assignment

operators –increment and decrement operates –Conditional operators – Special operators –
Arithmetic expressions –Evaluation of expressions –Precedence of arithmetic operators – Some
computational problems –Type conversion in expressions – operator precedence and associating
mathematical functions.

UNIT III: Reading and Writing character – formatted input and output. Decision making with
IF statement – Simple IF statement – The if ELSE statement - Nesting of IF…..ELSE statement
– The ELSE IF ladder. The Switch statement –The ? Operator –The GOTO statement.

UNIT IV: The WHILE statement - the DO statement the FOR statement –Jumps in loops.

UNIT V: One, Two dimensional arrays – Initiating two dimensional arrays – Multidimensional
arrays –Declaring and initializing string variables –reading strings from terminal – Writing
strings on the screen – Arithmetic operations on characters.

TEXT BOOK:
E.Balagurusamy“Programming in ANSI C” Second Edition – Tata McGraw –Hill Publishing
Company limited, New Delhi.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Byron Gottfried “Programming with C”(Schaum‟s outline series)-Tata McGrawHill
publishing company -1998.
2. Ashok N.Kamthane “Programming with Ansi and Turbo C”, Pearson Education publishers,
2002
3.Hentry Mullish and Herbert L cooper , “The spirit of C” Jaico publisher , 1996.
4.THE ANSI C, Second edition , October 1992.BRIAN W.KERNIGHAN,DENNIS M.RITCHIE
Published by Prentice- Hall of India Privated Limited, M-97,New Delhi- 110001.
5.ANSI C: With Microsoft C 5.1 and Quick C 2.0 C.Balasubramanian.1992, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing company limited, New Delhi.
6. “PROGRAMMING IN C “, Kris A.Jamsa 1992 , Galgotia Publications Pvt.ltd.
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SEMESTER IV : –CORE PAPER VIII ( Practical)

Subject Title: Programming in C No.of.Hours: 3

C-PROGRAMMING PRACTICAL LIST.

1. Write a C program to generate „N‟ Fibonacci number.

2. Write a C program to print all possible roots for a given quadratic equation.
3. Write a C program to calculate the statistical values of mean, median.
4. Write a C program to calculate the statistical values of Standard Deviation and
variance of the given data
5. Write a C program to sort a set of numbers.
6. Write a C program to sort the given set of names.
7. Write a C program to find factorial value of a given number „N‟ using recursive
function call.
8. Write a C program to find the product of two given matrix.

SEMESTER IV - SKILL BASED SUBJECT

SUBJECT TITLE - OPERATIONS RESEARCH – PAPER II CREDIT HOURS: 3

Subject Description:
This course gives emphasis to enhance student knowledge in Assignment Problems,
game theory, performance measures of queues and optimal use of Inventory.

UNIT I:
The Assignment Problems – Assignment algorithm – optimum solutions – Unbalanced
Assignment Problems.

UNIT II:

Game Theory – Two person zero sum game – The Maxmini – Minimax principle – problems -
Solution of 2 x 2 rectangular Games – Domination Property – (2 x n) and (m x 2) graphical
method – Problems.

UNIT III:
Queueing Theory – Introduction – Queueing system – Characteristics of Queueing
system – symbols and Notation – Classifications of queues – Problems in (M/M/1) : (∞/FIFO)

UNIT IV:
Problems in (M/M/1):(N/FIFO); (M/M/C) : (∞/FIFO); (M/M/C) : (N/FIFO) Models.
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UNIT V:
Inventory control – Types of inventories – Inventory costs – EOQ Problem with no
shortages – Production problem with no shortages – EOQ with shortages – Production problem
with shortages – EOQ with price breaks.

References:
1. Operations Research – Prem Kumar Gupta D. S. Hira, S. Chand & Company Ltd, Ram Nagar,
New Delhi
2. Operations Research – Kandiswarup, P. K. Gupta, Man Mohan, S. Chand & Sons Education
Publications, New Delhi, 12th Revised edition.
3. Operations Research Principles and Problems: S. Dharani Venkata Krishnan, Keerthi
publishing house PVT Ltd.

SEMESTER V - Core Paper – IX

Subject title: Real Analysis - I Credit hours: 5

Subject Description: This course focuses on the Real and Complex number systems, set theory,
point set topology and metric spaces.

Goal: To introduce the concepts which provide a strong base to understand and analyze the real
number system.

Objective: On successful completion of this course the students should gain the knowledge
about real and complex numbers, sets and metric space.

UNIT I
The Real and Complex number systems the field axioms, the order axioms –integers –the unique
Factorization theorem for integers –Rational numbers –Irrational numbers –Upper bounds,
maximum Elements, least upper bound –the completeness axiom –some properties of the
supremum –properties of the integers deduced from the completeness axiom- The Archimedian
property of the real number system –Rational numbers with finite decimal representation of real
numbers –absolute values and the triangle inequality –the Cauchy-Schwarz, inequality –plus and
minus infinity and the extended real number system.

UNIT II
Basic notions of a set theory. Notations –ordered pairs –Cartesian product of two sets –
Relations and functions – further terminology concerning functions –one –one functions and
inverse –composite functions –sequences –similar sets-finite and infinite sets –countable and
uncountable sets –uncountability of the real number system –set algebra –countable collection of
countable sets.
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UNIT III
Elements of point set topology: Euclidean space Rn –open balls and open sets in Rn. The
structure of open sets in Rn –closed sets and adherent points –The Bolzano –Weierstrass theorem
–the Cantor intersection Theorem.

UNIT IV
Covering –Lindelof covering theorem –the Heine Borel covering theorem –Compactness
n
in R –Metric Spaces –point set topology in metric spaces –compact subsets of a metric space –
Boundary of a set.

UNIT V
Convergent sequences in a metric space –Cauchy sequences –Completeness sequences –
complete metric Spaces. Limit of a function –Continuous functions –continuity of composite
functions. Continuous complex valued and vector valued functions.

Treatment as in
T.M.Apostol, Mathematical Analysis, 2nd ed., Narosa Publishing Company, Chennai, 1990.
Unit I Chapter 1 Sections 1.2, 1.3, 1.6 to 1.16, 1.18 to 1.20
Unit II Chapter 2 Sections 2.2 to 2.15
Unit III Chapter 3 Sections 3.2 to 3.9
Unit IV Chapter 3 Sections 3.10 to 3.16
Unit V Chapter 4 Sections 4.2 to 4.5, 4.8 to 4.10

References
1. R.R.Goldberg, Methods of Real Analysis, NY, John Wiley, New York 1976.
2. G.F.Simmons, Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis, McGraw – Hill,
New York, 1963.
3. G.Birkhoff and MacLane, A survey of Modern Algebra, 3rd Edition, Macmillian,
New York, 1965.
4. J.N.Sharma and A.R.Vasistha, Real Analysis, Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd, 1997.

SEMESTER V - Core Paper – X

Subject title: Complex Analysis - I Credit hours: 6

Subject Description: This course provides the knowledge about complex number system and
complex functions.
Goal: To enable the students to learn complex number system, complex function and complex
integration.
Objectives: On successful completion of this course the students should gained knowledge
about the origin, properties and application of complex numbers and complex functions.

UNIT I
Complex number system, Complex number –Field of Complex numbers – Conjugation –
Absolute value -Argument –Simple Mappings.
i) w =z + ii) w = az iii) w =1/z
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invariance of cross-ratio under bilinear transformation –Definition of extended complex plane –

Stereographic projection.
UNIT II
Complex functions: Limit of a function –continuity –differentiability – Analytical
function defined in a region –necessary conditions for differentiability –sufficient conditions for
differentiability –Cauchy-Riemann equation in polar coordinates –Definition of entire function.
UNIT III
Power Series: Absolute convergence –circle of convergence –Analyticity of the sum of power
series in the Circle of convergence (term term differentiation of a series) Elementary functions :
Exponential, Logarithmic, Trigonometric and Hyperbolic functions.
UNIT IV
Conjugate Hormonic functions: Definition and determination, Conformal Mapping:
Isogonal mapping –Conformal mapping-Mapping z--->>f(z), where f is analytic, particularly the
mappings.
w= ez ; w =𝑧 2 ; w=sin z ; w =cosz ; w=z+ 1/z
UNIT V
Complex Integration: Simply and multiply connected regions in the complex plane.
Integration of f(z) from definition along a curve joining z1 and z2. Proof of Cauchy‟s Theorem
(using Goursat‟s lemma for a simply connected region). Cauchy‟s integral formula for higher
derivatives (statement only)-Morera‟s theorem.
Treatment as in
P.Duraipandian and Laxmi Duraipandian, Complex Analysis, Emerald Publishers, Chennai –2,
1986.
Unit I Chapter 1 Sections 1.1 to 1.3, 1.6 to 1.9
Chapter 2 Sections 2.1 to 2.2, 2.6 to 2.9,
Chapter 7 Section 7.1
Unit II Chapter 4 Sections 4.1 to 4.10
Unit III Chapter 6 Sections 6.1 to 6.11
Unit IV Chapter 6 Sections 6.12 to 6.13
Chapter 7 Sections 7.6 to 7.9
Unit V Chapter 8 Sections 8.1 to 8.9

References

1. Churchill and Others, Complex Variable and Applications, Tata Mecgrow Hill Publishing
Company Ltd, 1974.
2. Santhinarayan , Theory of functions of Complex Variable, S.Chand and Company,
Meerut, 1995.
3. Tyagi B.S. Functions of Complex Variable, 17th Edition, Pragati Prakasham Publishing
Company Ltd, Meerut, 1992-93.
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SEMESTER V - Core Paper – XI

Subject title: Modern Algebra - I Credit hours: 6

Subject description: This course provides knowledge about sets, mappings, different types of
groups and rings.
Goals: To enable the students to understand the concepts of sets, groups and rings. Also the
mappings on sets, groups and rings.
Objective: On successful completion of course the students should have concrete knowledge
about the abstract thinking like sets, groups and rings by proving theorems.

UNIT I
Sets – mappings – Relations and binary operations – Groups: Abelian group, Symmetric
group Definitions and Examples – Basic properties.

UNIT II
Subgroups – Cyclic subgroup - Index of a group – Order of an element – Fermat theorem - A
Counting Principle - Normal Subgroups and Quotient Groups.

UNIT III
Homomorphisms (Applications 1 and 2 are omitted) -Automorphisms – Inner
automorphism - Cayley‟s theorem, permutation groups.

UNIT IV
Rings: Definition and Examples –Some Special Classes of Rings – Commutative ring – Field –
Integral domain - Homomorphisms of Rings.

UNIT V
Ideals and Quotient Rings – More Ideals and Quotient Rings – Maximal ideal - The field
of Quotients of an Integral Domain

Treatment as in
I.N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2003.
Unit I Chapter 1 Sections 1.1 to 1.3,
Chapter 2 Sections 2.1 to 2.3
Unit II Chapter 2 Sections 2.4 to 2.6
Unit III Chapter 2 Sections 2.7 to 2.10
Unit IV Chapter 3 Sections 3.1 to 3.3
Unit V Chapter 3 Sections 3.4 to 3.6.

References
1. Surjeet Singh and Qazi Zameeruddin, Modern Algebra, Vikas Publishing house, 1992.
2. A.R.Vasishtha, Modern Algebra, Krishna Prakashan Mandir, Meerut, 1994 - 95.
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SEMESTER – V - CORE PAPER XII

Subject Title: DISCRETE MATHEMATICS Credit Hours: 5

Subject Description: This course focuses on the mathematical logic, Relations& Functions,
Formal languages and Automata, Lattices and Boolean Algebra and Graph Theories.

Goal: To enable the students to learn about the interesting branches of Mathematics.

Objectives: On successful completion of this course should gain knowledge about the Formal
languages Automata Theory, Lattices & Boolean Algebra and Graph Theory.

UNIT-I:
Mathematical logic: Connections well formed formulas, Tautology, Equivalence of
formulas, Tautological implications, Duality law, Normal forms, Predicates, Variables,
Quantifiers, Free and bound Variables. Theory of inference for predicate calcules.
(1-2, 1-2.7. 1-2.9, 1-2.10, 1-2.11, 1-3, 1-5.1, 1-5.2, 1-5.4, 1-6.4)

UNIT-II:
Relations and functions: Composition of relations, Composition of functions, Inverse
functions, one-to- one, onto, one-to-one& onto, onto functions, Hashing functions, Permutation
function, Growth of functions. Algebra structures: Semi groups, Free semi groups, Monoids.
(2-3.5, 2-3.7, 2-4.2, 2-4.3, 2-4.6, 3-2, 3-5, 3-5.3, )

UNIT-III:
Formal languages and Automata: Regular expressions, Types of grammar, Regular
grammar and finite state automata, Context free and sensitive grammars.
(3-3.1, 3-3.2, 4-6.2)

UNIT-IV:
Lattices and Boolean algebra: Partial ordering, Poset, Lattices, Boolean algebra,
Boolean functions, Theorems, Minimization of Boolean functions(Karnaugh Method only).
(4-1.1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4.2)

UNIT-V:
Graph Theory: Directed and undirected graphs, Paths, Reachability, Connectedness,
Matrix representation, Euler paths, Hamiltonian paths, Trees, Binary trees simple theorems, and
applications. (5-1.1, 5-1.2, 5-1.3, 5-1.4)

Text Books:
J.P Tremblay and R.P Manohar “Discrete Mathematical Structures with applications to
computer science”, Mc.Graw Hill, 1975.
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Semester V - Skill Based Subject

Subject title: Operations Research – Paper III - Credit hours: 3

Subject Description:
This course presents applications and method to solve Integer Programming Problems,
Non-linear Programming Problems and Dynamic Programming problems. It also includes
Markov Analysis and Decision Analysis.

UNIT I:
Simulation-Introduction-simulation models-Event-Types of simulation- Generation of
random numbers- Monte-Carlo simulation- simulation of queueing system.

UNIT II:
Network Scheduling by PERT/CPM- Introduction- Network and basic components-
Rules of Network construction- Time calculation in Networks-CPM.
Pert Calculations- Cost Analysis- crashing the network- Problems.

Unit III:
Integer Programming Problem – Gomory‟s fractional cut Method – Branch Bound
Method.

Unit IV:
Non-linear Programming Problems – General NLPP – Lagrange multiplier – Hessian
bordered Matrix – Kuhn Tucker Condition – Problems

Unit V:
Dynamic Programming Problem – Recursive equation approach – D.P.P Algorithm –
Solution of L.P.P by D.P.P.

References:
1. Operations Research – Prem Kumar Gupta D. S. Hira, S. Chand & Company Ltd, Ram
Nagar, New Delhi
2. Operations Research – Kandiswarup, P. K. Gupta, Man Mohan, S. Chand & Sons
Education Publications, New Delhi, 12th Revised edition.
3. Operations Research Principles and Problems: S. Dharani Venkata Krishnan, Keerthi
publishing house PVT Ltd
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SEMESTER VI - Core Paper – XIII

Subject Title: REAL ANALYSIS - II Credit hours: 5

Subject Description: This course presents nature of functions and mappings like continuity,
connectivity, and derivative. It also includes the concept of monotonic functions with properties
and Riemann - Stieltjes integral.
Goal: To introduce the concepts which provide a strong base to understand and analysis
mathematics.
Objective: On successful completion of this course the students should gain the knowledge
about the nature of functions mappings.
UNIT I
Examples of continuous functions –continuity and inverse images of open or closed sets –
functions continuous on compact sets –Topological mappings –Bolzano‟s theorem.
UNIT II
Connectedness –components of a metric space – Uniform continuity : Uniform continuity
and compact sets –fixed point theorem for contractions –monotonic functions.
UNIT III
Definition of derivative –Derivative and continuity –Algebra of derivatives – the chain
rule –one sided derivatives and infinite derivatives –functions with non-zero derivatives –zero
derivatives and local extrema –Roll‟s theorem –The mean value theorem for derivatives –
Taylor‟s formula with remainder.
UNIT IV
Properties of monotonic functions –functions of bounded variation –total Variation –additive
properties of total variation on (a, x) as a function of x – functions of bounded variation
expressed as the difference of increasing functions –continuous functions of bounded variation.
UNIT V
The Riemann - Stieltjes integral : Introduction –Notation –The definition of Riemann –Stieltjes
integral –linear properties –Integration by parts –change of variable in a Riemann –stieltjes
integral –Reduction to a Riemann integral.
Treatment as in
Tom. M. APOSTOL, Mathematical Analysis, 2nd ed., Addison-Wisely. Narosa Publishing
Company, Chennai, 1990.
Unit I Chapter 4 Sections 4.11 to 4.15
Unit II Chapter 4 Sections 4.16, 4.17, 4.19, 4.20, 4.21, 4.23
Unit III Chapter 5 Sections 5.2 to 5.10 and 5.12
Unit IV Chapter 6 Sections 6.2 to 6.8
Unit V Chapter 7 Sections 7.1 to 7.7

References
1. R.R.Goldberg, Methods of Real Analysis, NY, John Wiley, New York 1976.
2. G.F.Simmons, Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis, McGraw – Hill, New York,
1963.
3. G.Birkhoff and MacLane, A survey of Modern Algebra, 3rd Edition, Macmillian, NewYork,
1965.
4. J.N.Sharma and A.R.Vasistha, Real Analysis, Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd, 1997.
B.Sc. Mathematics- 2019-20 onwards – colleges Annexure No:16A
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SEMESTER VI - Core Paper – XIV

Subject title: COMPLEX ANALYSIS - II Credit hours: 6

Subject Description: This course provides the knowledge about complex functions with some
fundamental theorems. Singularity and residues in complex functions, integrations of complex
functions and meromorphic functions
Goal: To enable the students to learn complex number system, complex function and complex
integration.
Objectives: On successful completion of this course the students should gained knowledge
about the complex functions and its nature.

UNIT I
Results based on Cauchy‟s theorem(I) : Zeros-Cauchy‟s Inequality – Lioville‟s theorem –
Fundamental theorem of algebra –Maximum modulus theorem –Gauss mean value theorem –
Gauss mean value theorem for a harmonic function on a circle .

UNIT II
Results based on Cauchy‟s theorem (II) –Taylor‟s series –Laurent‟s series .

UNIT III
Singularities and Residues: Isolated singularities (Removable Singularity, pole and essential
singularity) –Residues –Residue theorem.
UNIT IV
Real definite integrals: Evaluation using the calculus of residues – Integration on the
unit circle –Integral with -  and +  as lower and upper limits with the following integrals:

i) P(x) /Q(x) where the degree of Q(x) exceeds that of P(x) at least 2.
ii) (sin ax ).f(x), (cos ax).f(x), where a>0 and f(z)  0 as z and f(z) does not have a pole
on the real axis.
iii) f(x) where f(z) has a finite number of poles on the real axis.
Integral of the type xa-1x /(1+x) dx; 0< a <1;

UNIT V
Meromorphic functions: Theorem on number of zeros minus number of poles –Principle
of argument: Rouche‟s theorem – Theorem that a function which is meromorphic in the extended
plane is a rational function.
Treatment as in
P. Duraipandian and Laxmi Duraipandian, Complex analysis, Emerald Publishers,
Chennai –2, 1997.
Unit I Chapter 8 Sections 8.10, 8.11
Unit II Chapter 9 Sections 9.1 to 9.3, 9.13.
Unit III Chapter 9 Sections 9.5 to 9.12, 9.13.
Chapter 10 Sections 10.1, 10.2 and 10.4.
Unit IV Chapter 10 Sections 10.3 and 10.4.
Unit V Chapter 11 Sections 11.1 to 11.3 (Omit theorems 11.5 and 11.6)
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References
1. Churchill and Others, Complex Variable and Applications, Tata Mecgrow Hill Publishing
Company Ltd, 1974.
2. Santhinarayan , Theory of functions of Complex Variable, S.Chand and Company ,Meerut, 1995.
3. Tyagi B.S , Functions of Complex Variable, 17th Edition, Pragati Prakasham Publishing
Company Ltd, Meerut, 1992-93.

SEMESTER VI - Core Paper – XV

Subject title: MODERN ALGEBRA - II Credit hours: 6

Subject description:
This course provides knowledge about elementary operations on matrices, different types
of matrices, rank of a matrix, spaces and linear transformations.
Goals:
It enables the students to understand the concept of matrices and linear transformations.
Objective:
On successful completion of course the students should have concrete knowledge about
the elementary operations on matrices, characteristic vector of a square matrix, vector spaces and
linear transformations.
UNIT I
Matrices: Introduction – Addition and Scalar Multiplication of Matrices – Product of
Matrices –Transpose of a Matrix – Matrix Inverse – Symmetric and Skew - Symmetric Matrices.
UNIT II
Hermitian and Skew-Hermitian Matrices – Orthogonal and Unitary Matrices – Rank of a
Matrix –Characteristic Roots and Characteristic Vectors of a Square Matrix.
UNIT III
Vector space: Elementary Basic Concepts – Subspace of a Vector space -
Homomorphism – Isomorphism - Internal and External direct sums - Linear span - Linear
Independence and Bases.
UNIT IV
Dual Spaces – Annihilator of a subspace - Inner Product Spaces – Norm of a Vector –
Orthogonal Vectors - Orthogonal Complement of a subspace – Orthonormal set.
UNIT V
Linear Transformations: Algebra of Linear Transformations – Regular, Singular
Transformations – Range of T – Rank of T - Characteristic Roots – Characteristic Vectors -
Matrices.
Treatment as in
1. R.Balakrishnan and M. Ramabadran, Modern Algebra, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd,
New Delhi, (Second Revised Edition 1994) (For Units I & II)
Unit I Chapter 1 Sections 1.1 to 1.3, 1.5 to 1.7
Unit II Chapter 1 Sections 1.8 and 1.9
Chapter 2 Section 2.9
Chapter 3 Section 3.9

2. I.N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2003. (For Units III, IV & V)
Unit III Chapter 4 Sections 4.1 and 4.2
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Unit IV Chapter 4 Sections 4.3 and 4.4

Unit V Chapter 6 Sections 6.1 , 6.2 and 6.3

References
1. Surjeet Singh and Qazi Zameeruddin, Modern Algebra, Vikas Publishing house, 1992.
2. A.R.Vasishtha, Modern Algebra, Krishna Prakashan Mandir, Meerut, 1994 – 95.
3. Seymour Lipschutz and Marc Lipson, Linear Algebra, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.

SEMESTER-VI
SKILL BASED SUBJECT
SUBJECT TITLE: OPERATIONS RESEARCH - PAPER -IV

SUBJECT DESCRIPTION:
This course enhances the students knowledge in decision analysis, sequencing the jobs to be
carried out based on cost optimization; improve the power on replacement policies; analyse the
cases according to their categories and improves the programming techniques.

Unit I:
DECISION ANALYSIS: – Decision Making environment – Decisions under uncertainty
– Decision under risk – Decision – Tree Analysis.

UNIT--II:
SEQUENCING PROBLEMS
Introduction-problem of sequencing - basic terms used in sequencing- processing n--jobs
through 2 machines - processing n –jobs through k machines -- processing 2 jobs through k
machines(Problems only).

UNIT-III
REPLACEMENT PROBLEMS
Introduction - Replacement of equipment / assets that deteriorates gradually - replacement of
equipment that fails suddenly and problems.

UNIT--IV:
INFORMATION THEORY:
Introduction- A measure of Information-Axiomatic Approach to Information- Entrpy-The
expected information- Some properties of entropy function-Joint and conditional entropies.

UNIT -- V :
APPLICATIONS:
General solution of (mxn) rectangular games using simplex method - Reliability and system
failure rates using replacement problems.

REFERENCES :
1. Operations research ; Kandiswarup ; P. K. Gupta ; Man Mohan ; S.Chand &sons
education publications ; New Delhi.
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2. Operations research : P K Gupta ; D S Hira ; S. Chand and company ltd. Ram Nagar;
New Delhi.
3. Operations research principles problems ; S Dharani venkata krishnan ;keerthi
publishing house Pvt. Ltd.

ELECTIVE I - A

SUBJECT TITLE: ASTRONOMY – I CREDIT HOURS: 5

Subject Description : This course focuses on the Solar system, Celestial sphere, Dip-Twilight
& Keplar‟s laws.

Goal: To enable the students to understand the Astronomical aspects and about the laws
governing the planet movements.

Objectives: On successful completion of this course the students should gain knowledge about
Astronomy.

UNIT I:
General description of the Solar system. Comets and meteorites – Spherical trigonometry.

UNIT II:
Celestial sphere – Celestial co – ordinates – Diurnal motion – Variation in length of the day.

UNIT III:
Dip – Twilight – Geocentric parallex.

UNIT IV:
Refration – Tangent formula – Cassinis formula.

UNIT V:
Kepler‟s laws – Relation between true eccentric and mean anamolies.

Treatment as in “ASTRONOMY” by S.Kumaravelu and Susheela Kumaravelu.

Question paper setters to confine to the above text book only.

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ELECTIVE I - B

NUMERICAL METHODS - I

Subject Description:
This course presents method to solve linear algebraic and transcendental equations and
system of linear equations. Also Interpolation by using finite difference formulae.
Goal:
It exposes the students to study numerical techniques as powerful tool in scientific
computing.

Objective:
On successful completion of this course the student gain the knowledge about solving the
linear equations numerically and finding interpolation by using difference formulae.

Unit I: The solution of numerical algebraic and transcendental Equations:

Bisection method – Iteration Method – Convergence condition – Regula Falsi Method –
Newton – Raphson method - Convergence Criteria – Order of Convergence.

Unit II: Solution of simultaneous linear algebraic equations:

Gauss elimination method – Gauss Jordan method – Method of Triangularization – Gauss

Jacobi method – Gauss Seidel method

Unit III: Finite Differences:

Differences – operators – forward and backward difference tables – Differences of a

polynomial – Factorial polynomial – Error propagation in difference table.

Unit IV: Interpolation (for equal intervals):

Newton‟s forward and backward formulae – equidistant terms with one or more missing
values – Central differences and central difference table – Gauss forward and backward formulae
– Stirlings formula.

Unit V: Interpolation (for unequal intervals):

Divided differences – Properties – Relations between divided differences and forward
differences – Newton‟s divided differences formula – Lagrange‟s formula and inverse
interpolation.

Treatment as in
Kandasamy. P, Thilagavathi. K and Gunavathi. K “Numerical methods” – S. Chand and
Company Ltd, New Delhi – Revised Edition 2007. (Chapters: 3,4,5,6,7 and 8).
References:
1. Venkataraman M. K.,”Numerical Methods in Science and Engineering” National
Publishing company V Edition 1999.
2. Sankara Rao K., “Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers” 2nd Edition Prentice
Hall India 2004.
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ELECTIVE II - A

Subject Title: ASTRONOMY II Credit Hours -5

Subject Description:
This course focuses on the Time, Annual Parallax, Precession, Nutation and The
Moon, Eclipses.

Goal: To enable the students to learn about the interesting facts of Moon, Sun Planetory
Motion.

Objectives: On successful completion of this course the students should gain knowledge
about Astronomy.

UNIT-I:
Time: Equation of time – Convertion of time – Seasons – Calendar.

UNIT-II:
Annual Parallax – Abberation.

UNIT-III:
Precession – Nutation.

UNIT-IV:
The Moon – Eclipses.

UNIT-V:
Planetory Phenomenon – The Stellar system.

Treatment as in “ASTRONOMY” by Mr.S.Kumaravelu and Susheela Kumaravelu.

Question paper setters to confine to the above text book only.

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ELECTIVE II-B

Numerical Methods II
Subject Description:
This course presents Numerical differentiation, Numerical integration and method to
solve the differential equations.
Goal:
It exposes the students to study numerical techniques as powerful tool in scientific
computing.
Objective:
On successful completion of this course the student gain the knowledge about solving the
linear equations numerically and finding interpolation by using difference formulae.

Unit I: Numerical differentiations:

Newton‟s forward and backward formulae to compute the derivatives – Derivative using
Stirlings formulae – to find maxima and minima of the function given the tabular values.

Unit II: Numerical Integration:

Newton – Cote‟s formula – Trapezoidal rule – Simpson‟s 1/3rd and 3/8th rules.

Unit III: Difference Equation:

Order and degree of a difference equation – solving homogeneous and non –
homogeneous
linear difference equations.

Unit IV:
Taylor series method – Euler‟s method – improved and modified Euler method – Runge
Kutta method(fourth order Runge Kutta method only)

Unit V: Numerical solution of O.D.E(for first order only):

Milne‟s predictor corrector formulae – Adam-Bashforth predictor corrector formulae –
solution of ordinary differential equations by finite difference method (for second order O.D.E).

Treatment as in

Kandasamy. P, Thilagavathi. K and Gunavathi. K “Numerical methods” – S. Chand and

Company Ltd, New Delhi – Revised Edition 2007.
(Chapters: 9,10,11, Appendix and Appendix E).

References:
1. Venkataraman M. K.,”Numerical Methods in Science and Engineering” National
Publishing company V Edition 1999.
2. Sankara Rao K., “Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers” 2nd Edition Prentice Hall
India 2004.
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ELECTIVE III - A

Subject Title: GRAPH THEORY Credit Hours-5

Subject Description:

This course focuses on the Graphs, Sub Graphs, Trees, Planar graphs, Directed graphs. It
also deals about matrix representation of Graphs.

Goal:
To enable the students to understand the basic concepts of Graph Theory.

Objectives:
On successful completion of this course the students should gain knowledge about Graph
Theory.

UNIT I:
Graphs –Sub graphs – Degree of a vertex walks, paths and cycles in a Graphs – connectedness
cut vertex and cut edge.

UNIT II:
Elur and Hamiltonion Graphs – Algorithm for Entoriom circuits – Bipartite Graphs –Trees.

UNIT III:
Matrix representation of a graph – vector spaces, associated with a graph – cycle spaces and cut
set graphs.

UNIT IV:
Planar graphs – Enter‟s theorem on planar graphs – characterization of planar graphs (no
proofs) of the difficult part of the characterization.

UNIT V:
Directed graphs – Connectivity – Enteoriom Digraphs – Tournaments.

Treatment as in “A First Course in Graph Theory” by A.Chandran (Macmillan)

Chapters 1 to 7.

Books for References:

1. Narasingh Deo, “Graph Theory” (Prentice Hall of India).
2. Harary: “Graph Theory” (Narosa Publishing HQCK).
3. „Introduction to Graph Theory‟ by Dr. M. Murugan, Muthali Publishing House.
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ELECTIVE III - B

AUTOMATA THEORY AND FORMAL LANGUAGES

UNIT – I
Introduction – phrase structure languages.

UNIT – II
Closure operations.

UNIT – III
Context free languages.

UNIT – IV
Finite state automata.

UNIT – V
Push down automata.

Content and treatment as in, „Formal Languages and Automata‟ by Rani Sriomoney.
Revised edition 1984.Pulishied by the Christian Literary Society, Madras-3
Chapters 1 to 6.

Reference Books:

1. Hopcrot and still man-Formal languages and their relation automata-

Addision Wesley.
2. R.Y.Kulin-Automata theory-Machines and Languages-McGraw Hill.
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SEMESTER VI; ELECTIVE III - C

Subject Title: PROGRAMMING IN C++ (Theory & Practical)

Subject Description: This paper presents the importance of class structure, operators, the types
of inheritance and polymorphism, file handling.
Goals: To enable the students to learn about the class structure, operators, inheritance,
polymorphism, file handling.
Objectives: On successful completion of the course the students should have
learnt class structure, member functions & data members.
Learnt the concept of inheritance, types and example problems.
Learnt the concepts of polymorphism, types and problems.
Learnt the concepts of File handling.

UNIT-I:
Evolution of C++ - applications of C++ - structure of C++ program. Tokens – keywords –
identifiers and constants – basic data types – user-defined data types – constant pointers and
pointers to constants – symbolic constants –type compatibility – declaration of variables –
dynamic initialization of variables – reference variables – operators in C++ - scope resolution
operator – memory management operators – manipulators – type cast operator – expressions and
their types – special assignment expressions – implicit conversions – operator precedence.

UNIT-II:
Functions in C++ : The main function – function prototyping – call by reference – return by
reference – inline functions – default arguments – const arguments – function overloading.
Managing Console I/O Operations: C++ streams – C++ stream classes – unformatted console I/O
operations – formatted console I/O operations –managing output with manipulators.

UNIT-III:
Classes and Objects: Specifying a class – defining member functions – making an outside
function inline – nesting of member functions – private member functions – arrays within a class
– memory allocation for objects –arrays of objects – objects as function arguments – friend
functions – returning objects – const member functions.
Constructors and Destructors: Introduction – constructors – parameterized constructors –
multiple constructors in a class – constructors with default arguments – copy constructor.

UNIT-IV:
Operator Overloading: Introduction – defining operator overloading – overloading unary
operators – overloading binary operators - overloading binary operators using friends – rules for
overloading operators.

UNIT-V:

Inheritance: Introduction – defining derived classes – single inheritance – making a private

member inheritable – multilevel inheritance – multiple inheritance – hierarchical inheritance –
hybrid inheritance.
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Text Books:
1. E.Balagurusamy - „Object Oriented programming with C++‟, McGraw Hill.
2. Robert Lafore – „Object oriented programming in Turbo C++, Galgotia publications Pvt.Ltd,
New Delhi- 110002 11994.
3. Bjarne Stroutstrup – „The C++ programming language‟, II Edition, Addision Wesley, 1991.

Reference Books:
1. D.Ravi Chandran – „Programming with C++‟, Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company limited
(1996), New Delhi.
2. Ashok N.Kamthane – „Object Oriented Programming with ANSI and Turbo C++‟, Pearson
Education publishers (2003).
3. John R.Hubbard – „Programming with C++, 2nd Edition, TMH publishers(2002).

PROGRAMMING IN C++ - PRACTICAL LIST.

1. Write a function „power( )‟to raise a number „m‟ to a power „n‟. The function takes a „double‟
value for „m‟ and „int‟ value for „n‟, and returns the result correctly. Use a default vale of 2
for „n‟ to make the function to calculate squares when this argument is omitted. Write a
„main( )‟ that gets the values of „m‟ and „n‟ from the user to test the function.

2. Write a program to compute compound interest of a given amount AMT for „n‟ years. Use
function overloading so that the program gets input of interest rate RATE in any of the data
type „float‟ or „int‟.

3. Create a class which consist of employee detail ENO, ENAME, DEPT, BASIC SALARY.
Write a member function to get and display them. Derive a class PAY from the
above class and write a member function to calculate DA, HRA and PF depending on the
grade and display the payslip in a neat format using console I/O.

4. Define two classes POLAR and RECTANGLE to represent points in the polar and rectangle
system. Write a program to convert from one system to another.

5. Create a class FLOAT that contains one float data member. Overload all the four arithmetic
operators so that they operate on the objects of FLOAT.
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SEMESTER VI; ELECTIVE III – D

NUMBER THEORY
UNIT I:
Peano's Axiom - Mathematical Induction - The Binomial Theorem - Early Number Theory

UNIT II:
Divisibility Theory in Integers - The Division Algorithm - The g.c.d. - Enclidean Algorithm -
The Diophontine Equation ax + by = c

UNIT III:
Primes and their Distributions - The fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - The seive of
Eratosthenes - The Gull Conjecture.

UNIT IV:
The Theory of Congruence - Basic Properties of Congruence - Special Divisibility test - Linear
Congruence.-Prime modulus- Power residues.

UNIT V:
Fermat's Theorem - Fermat's factorization method - The Little theorem - Wilson's theorem.

Treatment as in
David M. Burton - Elementary Number theory.

Books for Reference

1. Ivan Nivan and H. Zuckerman - An Introduction to theory of Numbers.
2. Kumaravelu. S and SusheelaKumaravelu – Elements of Number Theory, Nagarcoil, 2002.
3. Neville Robinns, Beginning Number Theory, 2nd Ed., Narosa Publishing House
Pvt. Ltd.,Delhi, 2007.