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Command Description: These Commands Allow You To Create Directories and Handle Files

These commands allow you to create directories and handle files, manipulate data in files, get information from manuals and documentation, communicate over a network, and send messages between users. Some key commands include ls to display file information, cat to display file contents, cp to copy files, mv to move or rename files, rm to remove files, mkdir to create directories, man to view manuals, ftp to transfer files over a network, mail to send email, and talk to communicate with another user.

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46 views

Command Description: These Commands Allow You To Create Directories and Handle Files

These commands allow you to create directories and handle files, manipulate data in files, get information from manuals and documentation, communicate over a network, and send messages between users. Some key commands include ls to display file information, cat to display file contents, cp to copy files, mv to move or rename files, rm to remove files, mkdir to create directories, man to view manuals, ftp to transfer files over a network, mail to send email, and talk to communicate with another user.

Uploaded by

ramu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Files and Directories

These commands allow you to create directories and handle files.

Command Description

cat Display File Contents

cd Changes Directory to dirname

chgrp change file group

chmod Changing Permissions

cp Copy source file into destination

file Determine file type

find Find files

grep Search files for regular expressions.

head Display first few lines of a file

ln Create softlink on oldname

ls Display information about file type.

mkdir Create a new directory dirname

more Display data in paginated form.

mv Move (Rename) a oldname to newname.

pwd Print current working directory.

rm Remove (Delete) filename

rmdir Delete an existing directory provided it is empty.

tail Prints last few lines in a file.

touch Update access and modification time of a file.

Manipulating data
The contents of files can be compared and altered with the following commands.

Command Description

awk Pattern scanning and processing language

cmp Compare the contents of two files

comm Compare sorted data

cut Cut out selected fields of each line of a file

diff Differential file comparator

expand Expand tabs to spaces

join Join files on some common field

perl Data manipulation language

sed Stream text editor

sort Sort file data

split Split file into smaller files

tr Translate characters

uniq Report repeated lines in a file

wc Count words, lines, and characters

vi Opens vi text editor

vim Opens vim text editor

fmt Simple text formatter

spell Check text for spelling error

ispell Check text for spelling error

ispell Check text for spelling error

emacs GNU project Emacs


ex, edit Line editor

emacs GNU project Emacs

emacs GNU project Emacs

Compressed Files
Files may be compressed to save space. Compressed files can be created and examined −

Command Description

compress Compress files

gunzip Uncompress gzipped files

gzip GNU alternative compression method

uncompress Uncompress files

unzip List, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive

zcat Cat a compressed file

zcmp Compare compressed files

zdiff Compare compressed files

zmore File perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text

Getting Information
Various Unix manuals and documentation are available on-line. The following Shell commands
give information −

Command Description

apropos Locate commands by keyword lookup

info Displays command information pages online

man Displays manual pages online


whatis Search the whatis database for complete words.

yelp GNOME help viewer

Network Communication
These following commands are used to send and receive files from a local UNIX hosts to the
remote host around the world.

Command Description

ftp File transfer program

rcp Remote file copy

rlogin Remote login to a UNIX host

rsh Remote shell

tftp Trivial file transfer program

telnet Make terminal connection to another host

ssh Secure shell terminal or command connection

scp Secure shell remote file copy

sftp secure shell file transfer program

Some of these commands may be restricted at your computer for security reasons.

Messages between Users


The UNIX systems support on-screen messages to other users and world-wide electronic mail −

Command Description

evolution GUI mail handling tool on Linux

mail Simple send or read mail program

mesg Permit or deny messages

parcel Send files to another user

pine Vdu-based mail utility


talk Talk to another user

write Write message to another user

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