MLA MLA Works Cited Core Elements

Citations
Works Cited references are made up of a list of Core Elements. The Core Elements allow writers to create
Quick Guide
reference citations for any type of source, regardless of the medium.

1) Author. Personal author(s), editor(s), corporate author, director

MLAReferences
MLA References
2) Title of source. Book title, article title, chapter title, title of TV episode, film title
The standard citation style guide for the humanities,
especially languages
The standard citation and
styleliterature,
guide for is the MLA
the 3) Title of container, Book title, journal title, title of TV series
Handbook,
humanities,8th edition,languages
especially 2016. The and
Modern Language
literature, is
Association of America
the MLA Handbook, 8th(MLA) publishes
edition, theModern
2016. The manual. 4) Other contributors, Translators, performers
Language
The EnglishAssociation
departmentsof America (MLA) publishes
at IRSC recommend MLA
the manual. 5) Version, Edition, abridged/unabridged, director’s cut
format for papers written in these fields.

The
Two English
types ofdepartments
citations are at IRSC recommend
included MLA
in most research 6) Number, Volume and issue numbers, season and episode numbers
format
papers:for
1) papers
citationswritten
withininthe
these
text fields.
of the document
and
Two 2) a listofofcitations
types reference
arecitations
includedatinthe end of the
most 7) Publisher, Publishers, university presses, organizations, governments, production companies
paper.
research papers: 1) citations within the text of the
document and 2) a list of reference citations at the 8) Publication date, Use the date most pertinent to you, full dates given in this format: 24 Aug. 2016
In-Text Citations:
end of the paper.
In-text citations appear in the body of your paper. 9) Location. Page number(s), web address, DOI, stable URL, time on a recording, DVD disc number
In-Text Citations:
They identify your use of an idea or quotation from
one of citations
In-text your sources. The
appear in MLA Handbook
the body of youruses the
paper.
author-page
They identifycitation system
your use for in-text
of an idea citations.
or quotation from Major
Major
MLA Changes
Changes
Works CitedtoCore
to the the Eighth
Eighth Edition
Edition
Elements
one of your Citations:
sources. The MLA Handbook uses the
Reference  If a core element does not exist or cannot be found, simply omit the element from the Works Cited entry.
author-page citation system for in-text citations.
Placeholders including "n.d." for "no date" and "n.p." for "no publisher" are no longer used.
Information about the sources you use in your work
Reference  Include a DOI (digital object identifier) when available using the format doi:############.
are includedCitations:
as a separate list at the end of the
 The URL, without http:// or https://, should be included for Web sources. Angle brackets are no longer used.
paper. The about
Information MLA Handbook
the sources suggests
you useusing thework
in your title,
 The source's medium (Print., Web., etc.) is no longer included.
"Works Cited",
are included asfor the list. list at the end of the
a separate
 Some sources are whole and some are part of one or two containers and require the repetition of some core
Any source
paper. information
The MLA Handbook that you provide
suggests in an in-
using the
elements for each container. Add the elements to your reference entry from Author through to Location, then add
text citation must correspond to a source in your
title, "Works Cited", for the list.
Works Cited page. any second elements in that same order. For example, journal articles from databases have two containers: the
Any source information that you provide in an first is the journal in which the article is contained and the second is the database which contains the journal.
in-text citation must correspond to a source in
your Works Cited page.
 In the Works Cited entry, "p." is used before citing a page number and "pp." is used before citing a page range.
Examples:
Material Type In-text Citation Works Cited In-Text Citations

Book with one (Brinkley 525) Brinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the A merican
In-text references provide a means
author
People. 7th ed., McGraw Hill, 2014, p. 525. for you to give credit when
using others’ words, facts, or ideas.
Electronic book (Hardy 58-60) Hardy, Thomas. Far From the Madding Crowd. The Floating Press, 2009.
MLA style uses parenthetical
(Login required)
eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). notations to identify the source
(author's surname) and the specific
Chapter/essay from (O’Brien 689) O’Brien, Tim. “The Things They Carried.” Literature: Reading Fiction, location (page reference) from
a book/anthology
Poetry, and Drama, edited by Robert DiYanni, 6th ed., McGraw Hill, which you borrowed material.

2007, pp. 684-97. Place the parenthetical reference

where a natural pause would occur,
Article from a (Tucker et al. 159) Tucker, Virginia M., et al. “Learning Portals: Analyzing Threshold Concept
as near as possible to the material
scholarly journal in Theory for LIS Education.” Journal of Education for Library and documented. In-text citations are
a database
Information Science, vol. 55, no. 2, Apr. 2014, pp. 150-65. A cademic One typically placed at the end of a

File, db12.linccweb.org/login?url= http://go.galegroup.com/ quote, sentence, or paragraph.

=481641178d785366b35d618e23308ebf. Example:

According to B.F. Skinner, behavior

In this example, [Academic OneFile] is the database and second container so
analysis is necessary for society
it is italicized.
because "almost all major problems
involve human behavior" (24).
One page of a (Meade) Meade, Rita. "It's Not Too Late to Advocate." Screwy Decimal,
website/one blog or
June 2016, www.screwydecimal.com/2016/06/its-not-too-late-to-
post
advocate.html. Behavior analysis is necessary for
society because "almost all major
Major Changes
MLAMore
Works to theCore
Resources
Cited Eighth Edition
Elements problems involve human
behavior" (Skinner 24).
Ask a librarian! One-on-one assistance is available in-person, by phone, or email.
Work Cited
(772) 462-7600 http://irsc.libguides.com/contactus
Skinner, B.F. Beyond Freedom and
http://irsc.libguides.com/mla See explanations, more examples, and links to resources to help you Dignity. Alfred A. Knopf, 1971, p.
master MLA, 8th Ed. 24.

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